Search results for "Appraisal"
showing 10 items of 151 documents
Ethics in designing intelligent systems
2019
The idea of Hume’s guillotine contains the argument that one cannot derive values from facts. As intelligent systems operate with facts, Hume’s famous dilemma seems to contradict the very idea of being able to create ethical intelligent systems. In a closer look, ethics is a system of rules guiding actions. Actions always have factual or cognitive aspects, as well as evaluative or emotional aspects. Therefore, Hume’s juxtaposition of facts and norms is not well-founded. Instead of separating the facts and norms it should rather ask what kinds of facts are associated to what kinds of norms. Consequently, Hume’s guillotine sets no limits in processing ethical information, as one can combine f…
Meeting the environmental challenge of port growth: A critical appraisal of the contingent valuation method and an application to Valencia Port, Spain
2012
In order to support effective policy-making, this research is aimed to emphasise the need of measuring the negative impact - or external costs - resulting from port growth. Considering the non-market nature of these external costs, a critical appraisal of the Contingent Valuation method is made paying special attention to the problem of hypothetical bias and the suitability of a willingness to accept (WTA) scenario for damage assessment. Finally, the results of a case study, conducted in Valencia (Spain), are presented with the intention of paving the way for future research in this specific context of port growth and negative externalities. In particular, results indicate that the average …
Port–City Relationship and the Environment: Literature Survey and Methodological Approach for Project Appraisal in Presence of Environmental External…
2015
AbstractIn times of increasing environmental awareness, the port–city relationship has gained new meaning because ports have been seen as the origin of both negative and positive externalities affecting public welfare. While the former are the result of port expansion, the latter are the result of transforming obsolete port areas into recreational facilities. Therefore, to support effective policymaking, this paper considers the following question: What is the scope of economic valuation of these externalities in the context of port-project appraisal? Considering their nonmarket nature, which makes economic valuation more difficult, a contingent valuation method is introduced as an economic…
Individual, co-active and collective coping and organizational stress: A longitudinal study
2019
This study aims to identify the association between changes in three types of problem-focused coping (individual, organizational co-active and collective) and the change in the appraisal of different facets of employees' stress and the organizational stress climate. These relationships are tested by means of Bayesian Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling and a two-wave panel design. The sample is composed of 525 teachers in 100 schools. Stress experiences and coping behaviors are assessed during the first and third terms of the academic year. The results show that an increase in the use of individual problem-focused coping has little to no effect on the decrease in individual stress appra…
Emotional user experience: Traits, events, and states☆
2015
Emotional experience has become an important topic in human-technology interaction research and design. Nevertheless, such research and design often lacks a proper explanatory basis and methodologically robust operationalisation. In this article, a conceptualisation of emotional user experience is formulated based on the appraisal theory of emotion, where the goal congruence of the interaction events and the task-independent individual traits are thought to underlie the user's emotional response. A laboratory study with N=50 participants conducting ordinary computer tasks is reported. The results suggest that subjective emotional experience depends on a number of factors relating to individ…
Cardiac threat appraisal and depression after first myocardial infarction
2012
The present study investigated cardiac threat appraisal and its association with depression after first myocardial infarction (MI). A semi-structured interview allowing for DSM-IV-Axis I diagnoses was administered to 36 patients after first MI. Patients completed self-reports 5 to 15 days after the MI (time 1), 6 to 8 weeks later (time 2) and again 6 months later (time 3). Assessments at time 1 included indices of cardiac threat appraisal, locus of control, coping, and depression while at time 2 and time 3 only measures of depression were obtained. Cardiac threat appraisal was significantly correlated with depression at time 1, but was unrelated to depression scores at time 2 and time 3. Fu…
The effect of pre-anaesthetic assessment clinic: a systematic review of randomised and non-randomised prospective controlled studies
2021
ABSTRACTObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of pre-anaesthetic assessment clinics (PACs) implemented to improve quality and patient safety in perioperative care.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesThe electronic databases CINAHL Plus with Full Text (EBSCOhost), Medline, and Embase (OvidSP) were systematically searched from 1st April, 1996 to 4th February, 2021.Eligibility criteriaThe main inclusion criterion was that the study, using empirical quantitative methods, addressed the effectiveness of PACs.Data extraction and synthesisTitles, abstracts, and full texts were screened in duplicate by two authors. Risk of bias assessment, using the Joanna Brig…
Cross‐national outcomes of stress appraisal
2012
PurposeThe present study aims to analyze the role of the appraisal of stressors as harmful and threatening (distress) and/or as opportunities and challenges (eustress) in inducing negative (burnout) and positive (engagement) effects. It compares appraisal of occupational stressors in Poland and Spain and looks for differences between these countries in the associations between different types of appraisals and their positive and negative outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyzes the equivalence of relations across cultures by constraining structural equation models to be equivalent across the Spanish (n=603) and Polish (n=147) data sets of social care services employees. Multig…
“Great to see ur staff are doing their job properly”
2018
The emergence of new technologies has changed the way people communicate. Social media have allowed businesses to connect with customers and to market their products more efficiently. However, these platforms also allow customers to share information and opinions with the company and fellow customers, diverting from previous online service encounters which only allowed the interaction between the service provider and the customer. This new digital space of communication is in need of research. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to analyze how customer (dis)affiliation is discursively realized on Facebook. To do so, a corpus of comments published by customers on the Facebook page…
Baltijas Psiholoģijas žurnāls
2013
Riin Seema, Anna Sircova. Mindfulness – a Time Perspective? Estonian Study ; Emīls Kālis, Līga Roķe, Indra Krūmiņa. Indicators of Creative Potential in Drawings: Proposing New Criteria for Assessment of Creative Potential with the Test for Creative Thinking – Drawing Production ; Ieva Urbanaviciute, Antanas Kairys, Inga Juodkune, Audrone Liniauskaite. The Lithuanian Version of the Global Motivation Scale: Testing Its Reliability and Factorial Validity ; Maruta Ludāne, Ieva Bite. Predictors of Cognitive Appraisal of Job Loss among the Unemployed Aged over 45 Years ; Per Eisele. Pooling Unshared Information: Comparing Computer-Mediated Group Discussion with Face-to-Face Group Discussion and E…