Search results for "Approach"

showing 10 items of 1654 documents

Development Studies in Tanzania: Historical Trajectory and Future Visions

2018

The chapter discusses the history, dilemmas and future visions of Development Studies in Tanzania, especially from the perspective of Institute of Development Studies in the University of Dar es Salaam. It shows how in the 1970s Development Studies played a significant role in the consolidation of state ideology of African socialism among university students, and since then, has gradually evolved into a recognized discipline with MA and PhD programmes. Over the years, the discipline has dealt with dilemmas related to its multidisciplinary nature, state ideologies, international donor agendas and the changing demands concerning academic publications. Recently, Development Studies in Tanzania…

Visionbiology050204 development studiesmedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesTansaniaPublic administrationbiology.organism_classificationTanzaniadevelopment studies0506 political scienceConsolidation (business)TanzaniaDevelopment studiesDar es salaamMultidisciplinary approachPolitical science0502 economics and business050602 political science & public administrationAfrican socialismIdeologykehitystutkimusmedia_common
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Causal Effects of Body Mass Index on Airflow Obstruction and Forced Mid-Expiratory Flow: A Mendelian Randomization Study Taking Interactions and Age-…

2021

Obesity has complex links to respiratory health. Mendelian randomization (MR) enables assessment of causality of body mass index (BMI) effects on airflow obstruction and mid-expiratory flow. In the adult SAPALDIA cohort, recruiting 9,651 population-representative samples aged 18–60 years at baseline (female 51%), BMI and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) as well as forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25–75%) were measured three times over 20 follow-up years. The causal effects of BMI in childhood and adulthood on FEV1/FVC and FEF25–75% were assessed in predictive (BMI averaged over 1st and 2nd, lung function (LF) averaged over 2nd and 3rd fol…

Vital capacityPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicinePULMONARY-DISEASEMedicineLungPublic Environmental & Occupational HealthOriginal Research2. Zero hungerRISK0303 health sciencesCOPDInstrumental variableAge Factorslongitudinal cohortgenetic score3. Good healthOBESITYCohortLife course approachFemalePublic HealthPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270Life Sciences & BiomedicineAdultbody mass index1117 Public Health and Health Services03 medical and health sciencesFEV1/FVC ratioMendelian randomizationLUNG-FUNCTION DECLINEMendelian randomizationQUALITYHumansCOPDGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION030304 developmental biologyScience & Technologybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthnutritional and metabolic diseaseslung functionADULTSMendelian Randomization Analysismedicine.diseaseCross-Sectional Studies030228 respiratory systemASTHMAbusinessFOLLOW-UPBody mass indexDemographyFrontiers in Public Health
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The Technical Language in the Practice of the Students Learning the French Language

2012

Abstract The technical language is a basic element in the practice of the students in the modern organizations. At present moment the situation of the technical language acquired by the students is rather uncertain, because in universities there is the tendency to teach the classical French language, based on literary texts. In this context, they are only few teachers having a cognitive and lexical knowledge which includes the technical specialized language.The objectives of our study dedicate themselves to the discovery of new strategies and didactic methods in order to make easier the study and the education of the technical vocabulary. We worked with a group of 87 students of French lang…

VocabularyAP French LanguageComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectComprehension approachFrenchspecialized languagelanguage.human_languageTechnical languageUniversal Networking LanguageLanguage assessmentTechnical communicationPedagogylanguageComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONLanguage educationtechnical vocabularyGeneral Materials ScienceLanguage industrycommunication competenceLanguage pedagogymedia_commonProcedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
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Simplified Hybrid PD Model in Voids

2011

In this paper a novel approach to model partial discharges (PD) activity taking place inside a spherical void in epoxy resin system has been traced. The approach is based on a time varying conductance of the inner void, subjected to multistress conditions: voltage, temperature and pressure. A simple lumped circuit macro-model simulates the global effects of PD activity: the different parameters influencing the discharge phenomenon in the void are taking into account by using a physical approach resulting in a time varying conductance inside the circuit. The evaluated PD activity has been compared with experimental and simulated one for the accessible and inaccessible part of the system. A d…

Void (astronomy)Engineeringbusiness.industryPhysical approachConductanceProbability density functionMechanicsEpoxyPD model Partial discharge (PD) Weibull function electrical insulation probability function voidSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaTemperature and pressurevisual_artElectronic engineeringvisual_art.visual_art_mediumbusinessVoltageWeibull distribution
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A Risk-Based Approach for Mitigating Ethical Lapses

2019

In early 2008, the CEO of Volkswagen announced a 10-year plan that called for tripling the company’s U.S. sales by 2018. The executive gave marching orders to engineers to come up with a new technology that would enable VW to lower emissions of the new cars. The engineers failed to come up with a device that could do the job. Instead they deployed a defeating software would defeat the testing process. The 2009 VW Jetta clean diesel was launched in April 2008 and followed by the introduction of similarly equipped VW Golfs and Audi A3s. Over 145,000 vehicles were sold in the U.S. in three years. The scheme was eventually exposed, costing the company millions of dollars. This paper describes t…

Volkswagenemissions cheatingethical trapsethical lapsesrisk-based approach
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Health as an Institutional Commitment. Reconversion of Nordkraft from a Power Station to a Cultural and Health Center

2021

The goal of public health prevention is not only to increase life expectancy, but also to improve the quality of life. It is therefore necessary to highlight the importance of the social opportunities available to the individual, that is, the ability to build relationships, cultivate interests, attend cultural events and lead a healthy lifestyle. Urban habitats, the main environments for socializing but also for spreading contagion (as the Covid-19 pandemic highlighted), must be remodelled to ensure public health. To achieve this goal, urban habitats must also be able to offer spaces for safe relationships to promote sociability and stimulate civic activism. The paper refers to the commitme…

WHO Healthy Cities NetworkAalborgPublic HealthSettore ICAR/21 - UrbanisticaHealthy Setting ApproachNordkraft
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The waiting time for prostate cancer treatment in Italy: analysis from the PROS-IT CNR Study.

2022

Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common neoplasm in male patients. To date, there's no certain indication about the maximum waiting time (WT) acceptable for treatment beginning and the impact on oncological and functional outcomes has not been well established. Methods Data from the National Research Council PCa monitoring multicenter project in Italy (Pros-IT CNR) were prospectively collected and analyzed. WT was defined as the time from the bioptical diagnosis of PCa to the first treatment received. Patients were divided in two groups, using a time frame of 90 days. Quality of life was measured through the Italian version of the University of California Los Angeles-Pros…

Waiting timeMalemedicine.medical_specialtyWaiting ListsUrologyLymph node metastasisAndrogen deprivation therapySettore MED/06Prostate cancerPercutaneous Coronary Interventionprostate cancer radical prostatectomy screeningQuality of lifeSettore MED/36Internal medicinemedicineHumansWaiting lists; Prostatic neoplasms; Prostatectomy; Radiotherapy; Androgens; Humans; Male; Prostate; Quality of Life; Waiting Lists; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Prostatic NeoplasmsProstatectomySurgical approachRadiotherapybusiness.industryscreeningProstateCancerProstatic NeoplasmsWaiting timeprostate cancermedicine.diseaseradical prostatectomyNephrologyAndrogensQuality of LifeT-stagePositive Surgical Marginbusiness
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A multi-objective approach to solid waste management

2010

The issue addressed in this paper consists in the localization and dimensioning of transfer stations, which constitute a necessary intermediate level in the logistic chain of the solid waste stream, from municipalities to the incinerator. Contextually, the determination of the number and type of vehicles involved is carried out in an integrated optimization approach. The model considers both initial investment and operative costs related to transportation and transfer stations. Two conflicting objectives are evaluated, the minimization of total cost and the minimization of environmental impact, measured by pollution. The design of the integrated waste management system is hence approached i…

Waste ProductsEngineeringDecision support systemMunicipal solid wasteOperations researchWaste managementbusiness.industryTotal costwaste management; multi-objectiveIncinerationModels TheoreticalFuzzy logicIncinerationmulti-objectiveItalyGoal programmingObjective approachCosts and Cost AnalysisOrganizational Objectiveswaste managementbusinessWaste Management and DisposalDimensioning
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An Improved Forecasting Model from Satellite Imagery Based on Optimum Wavelet Bases and Adam Optimized LSTM Methods

2021

This paper proposes a new hybrid approach I-WT-LSTM (i.e., Improved Wavelet Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Model) for forecasting non-stationary time series (TS) from satellite imagery. The proposed approach consists of two steps: The first step aims at decomposing TS using Multi-Resolution Analysis wavelet (MRA-WT) into inter-and intra-annual components using 18 different mother wavelets (MW). Then, the energy to Shannon entropy ratio criterion is calculated to select the best MW. The second step is based on the LSTM model using Adam optimizer to predict the future. The proposed approach is tested using TS derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images from 2001 t…

WaveletSeries (mathematics)Computer sciencebusiness.industrySatellite imageryPattern recognitionImage processingModerate-resolution imaging spectroradiometerArtificial intelligenceTime seriesHybrid approachbusinessEnergy (signal processing)
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The circular economy model in the socio-economic systems of the wood industry : the case of the Tomsk oblast

2021

Using the Circular Economy (CE) model appears to be today a means more and more employed by organizations and public policies to overcome the problem of waste and bring it to a new stage of progress: the one of sustainability. If the issue of diagnosis and the need for a transition to CE is generally no longer discussed, the question of its implementation is all the more so, especially in Russia. Depending on the type of economic sector and the territory considered, an CE strategy cannot be viewed in the same way. Whether in terms of natural resources, labour or capital, different economic factors are brought to interfere in the search for circularity and sustainability. The objective of th…

Wood industryÉconomie circulaireCircular economyModélisation intégréeRussieDéveloppement durableSustainable developmentSystemic approachFilière-BoisIntegrated modelling[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceApproche systémiqueRussia
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