Search results for "Approx"

showing 10 items of 922 documents

Prediction of peak shape as a function of retention in reversed-phase liquid chromatography

2004

Optimisation of the resolution of multicomponent samples in HPLC is usually carried out by changing the elution conditions and considering the variation in retention of the analytes, to which a standard peak shape is assigned. However, the change in peak shape with the composition of the mobile phase can ruin the optimisation process, yielding unexpected overlaps in the experimental chromatograms for the predicted optimum, especially for complex mixtures. The possibility of modelling peak shape, in addition to peak position, is therefore attractive. A simple modified-Gaussian model with a parabolic variance, which is a function of conventional experimental parameters: retention time (tR), p…

ChromatographyElutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryResolution (electron density)Analytical chemistryGeneral MedicineReversed-phase chromatographyFunction (mathematics)Models TheoreticalBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyStandard deviationAnalytical ChemistryApproximation errorPhase (matter)Chromatography LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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Upper Bound for the Approximation Error for the Kirchhoff-Love Arch Problem

2013

In this paper, a guaranteed and computable upper bound of approximation errors for the Kirchhoff-Love arch problem is derived. In general, it belongs to the class of functional a posteriori error estimates. The derivation method uses purely functional arguments and, therefore, the estimates are valid for any conforming approximation within the energy space. The computational implementation of the upper bound is discussed and demonstrated by a numerical example.

Class (set theory)Approximation errorA priori and a posterioriApplied mathematicsDerivation methodArchSpace (mathematics)Upper and lower boundsEnergy (signal processing)Mathematics
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Model approximation for two-dimensional Markovian jump systems with state-delays and imperfect mode information

2014

Published version of an article in the journal: Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11045-013-0276-x This paper is concerned with the problem of {Mathematical expression} model approximation for a class of two-dimensional (2-D) discrete-time Markovian jump linear systems with state-delays and imperfect mode information. The 2-D system is described by the well-known Fornasini-Marchesini local state-space model, and the imperfect mode information in the Markov chain simultaneously involves the exactly known, partially unknown and uncertain transition probabilities. By using the characteristics of the transition proba…

Class (set theory)Mathematical optimizationMarkov chainmodel approximationApplied Mathematicstwo-dimensional systemsMarkovian jump systemsRegular polygonMode (statistics)imperfect mode informationState (functional analysis)VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Mathematics: 410::Analysis: 411Computer Science ApplicationsMarkovian jumpMarkovian jump linear systemsArtificial IntelligenceHardware and ArchitectureSignal ProcessingApplied mathematicsstate-delaysImperfectSoftwareInformation SystemsMathematics
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Approximating hidden chaotic attractors via parameter switching.

2018

In this paper, the problem of approximating hidden chaotic attractors of a general class of nonlinear systems is investigated. The parameter switching (PS) algorithm is utilized, which switches the control parameter within a given set of values with the initial value problem numerically solved. The PS-generated attractor approximates the attractor obtained by averaging the control parameter with the switched values, which represents the hidden chaotic attractor. The hidden chaotic attractors of a generalized Lorenz system and the Rabinovich-Fabrikant system are simulated for illustration. In Refs. 1–3, it is proved that the attractors of a chaotic system, considered as the unique numerical …

Class (set theory)Mathematics::Dynamical SystemsChaoticGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasSet (abstract data type)phase space methods0103 physical sciencesAttractorApplied mathematicsInitial value problemdifferentiaalilaskenta010301 acousticsMathematical PhysicsMathematicsApplied Mathematicsta111numerical approximationsStatistical and Nonlinear Physicschaotic systemsLorenz systemchaoticNonlinear Sciences - Chaotic DynamicsNonlinear Sciences::Chaotic DynamicsNonlinear systemkaaosnumeerinen analyysinonlinear systemsChaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)
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Relaxation for a Class of Control Systems with Unilateral Constraints

2019

We consider a nonlinear control system involving a maximal monotone map and with a priori feedback. We assume that the control constraint multifunction $U(t,x)$ is nonconvex valued and only lsc in the $x \in \mathbb{R}^{N}$ variable. Using the Q-regularization (in the sense of Cesari) of $U(t,\cdot )$, we introduce a relaxed system. We show that this relaxation process is admissible.

Class (set theory)Partial differential equationApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMaximal monotone mapNonlinear control01 natural sciencesAdmissible relaxation010101 applied mathematicsConstraint (information theory)CombinatoricsMonotone polygonQ-regularizationSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaControl systemRelaxation (approximation)0101 mathematicsLower semicontinuous multifunctionVariable (mathematics)MathematicsContinuous selection
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Emergent Collective Behaviors in a Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning Pedestrian Simulation: A Case Study

2015

In this work, a Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning framework is used to generate simulations of virtual pedestrians groups. The aim is to study the influence of two different learning approaches in the quality of generated simulations. The case of study consists on the simulation of the crossing of two groups of embodied virtual agents inside a narrow corridor. This scenario is a classic experiment inside the pedestrian modeling area, because a collective behavior, specifically the lanes formation, emerges with real pedestrians. The paper studies the influence of different learning algorithms, function approximation approaches, and knowledge transfer mechanisms on performance of learned ped…

Collective behaviorFunction approximationbusiness.industryComputer scienceBellman equationVector quantizationProbabilistic logicReinforcement learningArtificial intelligencebusinessTransfer of learningKnowledge transferSimulation
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Collocation Method for Linear BVPs via B-spline Based Fuzzy Transform

2018

The paper is devoted to an application of a modified F-transform technique based on B-splines in solving linear boundary value problems via the collocation method. An approximate solution is sought as a composite F-transform of a discrete function (which allows the solution to be compactly stored as the values of this discrete function). We demonstrate the effectiveness of the described technique with numerical examples, compare it with other methods and propose theoretical results on the order of approximation when the fuzzy partition is based on cubic B-splines.

CollocationB-spline010103 numerical & computational mathematics02 engineering and technologyFunction (mathematics)01 natural sciencesFuzzy logicCollocation method0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOrder (group theory)Applied mathematics020201 artificial intelligence & image processingBoundary value problem0101 mathematicsApproximate solutionMathematics
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Languages with mismatches

2007

AbstractIn this paper we study some combinatorial properties of a class of languages that represent sets of words occurring in a text S up to some errors. More precisely, we consider sets of words that occur in a text S with k mismatches in any window of size r. The study of this class of languages mainly focuses both on a parameter, called repetition index, and on the set of the minimal forbidden words of the language of factors of S with errors. The repetition index of a string S is defined as the smallest integer such that all strings of this length occur at most in a unique position of the text S up to errors. We prove that there is a strong relation between the repetition index of S an…

Combinatorics on wordsApproximate string matchingGeneral Computer ScienceRepetition (rhetorical device)String (computer science)Search engine indexingComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Approximate string matchingData structureTheoretical Computer ScienceCombinatoricsSet (abstract data type)Formal languagesCombinatorics on words Formal languages Approximate string matching IndexingIndexingWord (group theory)MathematicsInteger (computer science)Computer Science(all)Theoretical Computer Science
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A Characterization of Bispecial Sturmian Words

2012

A finite Sturmian word w over the alphabet {a,b} is left special (resp. right special) if aw and bw (resp. wa and wb) are both Sturmian words. A bispecial Sturmian word is a Sturmian word that is both left and right special. We show as a main result that bispecial Sturmian words are exactly the maximal internal factors of Christoffel words, that are words coding the digital approximations of segments in the Euclidean plane. This result is an extension of the known relation between central words and primitive Christoffel words. Our characterization allows us to give an enumerative formula for bispecial Sturmian words. We also investigate the minimal forbidden words for the set of Sturmian wo…

CombinatoricsChristoffel symbolsApproximations of πEuclidean geometrySturmian wordAlphabetMathematicsSturmian words Christoffel words special factors minimal forbidden words enumerative formula
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"Indexing structures for approximate string matching

2003

In this paper we give the first, to our knowledge, structures and corresponding algorithms for approximate indexing, by considering the Hamming distance, having the following properties. i) Their size is linear times a polylog of the size of the text on average. ii) For each pattern x, the time spent by our algorithms for finding the list occ(x) of all occurrences of a pattern x in the text, up to a certain distance, is proportional on average to |x| + |occ(x)|, under an additional but realistic hypothesis.

CombinatoricsCombinatorics on wordsPattern recognition (psychology)Search engine indexingAutomata theoryHamming distanceString searching algorithmApproximate string matchingTime complexityMathematics
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