Search results for "Approx"

showing 10 items of 922 documents

Synchronization of coupled single-electron circuits based on nanoparticles and tunneling junctions

2009

We explore theoretically the synchronization properties of a device composed of coupled single-electron circuits whose building blocks are nanoparticles interconnected with tunneling junctions. Elementary nanoscillators can be achieved by a single-electron tunneling cell where the relaxation oscillation is induced by the tunneling. We develop a model to describe the synchronization of the nanoscillators and present sample calculations to demonstrate that the idea is feasible and could readily find applications. Instead of considering a particular system, we analyze the general properties of the device making use of an ideal model that emphasizes the essential characteristics of the concept.…

CouplingPhysicsCondensed matter physicsOscillationNanoelectronicsUNESCO::FÍSICAGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhase synchronizationTopologySynchronizationTunnellingNanoelectronicsNanoelectronics ; Nanoparticles ; Oscillators ; Single electron devices ; Synchronisation ; TunnellingSynchronisation:FÍSICA [UNESCO]NanoparticlesOscillatorsRelaxation (approximation)Single electron devicesQuantum tunnellingElectronic circuitJournal of Applied Physics
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Quantum Non-Markovian Collision Models from Colored-Noise Baths

2019

A quantum collision model (CM), also known as repeated interactions model, can be built from the standard microscopic framework where a system S is coupled to a white-noise bosonic bath under the rotating wave approximation, which typically results in Markovian dynamics. Here, we discuss how to generalize the CM construction to the case of frequency-dependent system–bath coupling, which defines a class of colored-noise baths. This leads to an intrinsically non-Markovian CM, where each ancilla (bath subunit) collides repeatedly with S at different steps. We discuss the illustrative example of an atom in front of a mirror in the regime of non-negligible retardation times.

CouplingPhysicssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsColors of noiseAtomsymbolsRotating wave approximationMarkov processCollision modelCollisionQuantum
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Spatial seismic point pattern analysis with Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation

2020

This paper proposes the use of Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (Rue et al., 2009) to describe the spatial displacement of earthquake data. Specifying a hiechical structure of the data and parameters, an inhomogeneuos Log-Gaussian Cox Processes model is applied for describing seismic events occurred in Greece, an area of seismic hazard. In this way, the dependence of the spatial point process on external covariates can be taken into account, as well as the interaction among points, through the estimation of the parameters of the covariance of the Gaussian Random Field, with a computationally efficient approach.

Cox proceIntegrated Nested Laplace ApproximationSettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaSpatial Point ProceSeismologyStochastic Partial Differential Equation
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Faces and Identities: is it possible measuring the reliability of the 3D craniofacial approximations

2015

The craniofacial approximation (CFA) is largely used in forensic identification of unknown skeletonized bodies. Despite numerous forensic reports have proved successful in identifying a cadaver, it is very hard to assess the reliability of CFA methods. The present work aims to evaluate the accuracy of CFAs through the comparison of a blind facial approximation with a simultaneous faces array test. The blind CFA was made following the Manchester’s protocol. In our test the CFA was compared with a photographic array of ten faces, included the photo of the individual whom belonged the skull. The positive recognition was evaluated by a total of 320 unfamiliar assessors. During the test a survey…

Craniofacial approximationFace arrayForensic anthropologyFacial reconstructionForensic scienceCraniofacial identification
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Analysis and approximation of one-dimensional scalar conservation laws with general point constraints on the flux

2016

We introduce and analyze a class of models with nonlocal point constraints for traffic flow through bottlenecks, such as exits in the context of pedestrians traffic and reduction of lanes on a road under construction in vehicular traffic. Constraints are defined based on data collected from non-local in space and/or in time observations of the flow. We propose a theoretical analysis and discretization framework that permits to include different data acquisition strategies; a numerical comparison is provided. Nonlocal constraint allows to model, e.g., the irrational behavior (" panic ") near the exit observed in dense crowds and the capacity drop at tollbooth in vehicular traffic. Existence …

Crowd dynamicsMathematical optimizationFixed point argumentsDiscretizationGeneral MathematicsScalar (mathematics)Crowd dynamics; Finite volume approximation; Nonlocal point constraint; Scalar conservation law; Vehicular traffics; Well-posedness; Mathematics (all); Applied Mathematics01 natural sciencesMSC : 35L65 90B20 65M12 76M12NONonlocal point constraintCrowdsData acquisitionMathematics (all)[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]DoorsUniqueness[MATH.MATH-AP] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]0101 mathematicsScalar conservation lawMathematicsConservation lawVehicular trafficsFinite volume methodApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematics[MATH.MATH-NA] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]010101 applied mathematicsWell-posednessFinite volume schemeFinite volume approximationConvergence of approximations[MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées
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Guaranteed Error Bounds for Conforming Approximations of a Maxwell Type Problem

2009

This paper is concerned with computable error estimates for approximations to a boundary-value problem $$\mathrm{curl}\ {\mu }^{-1}\mathrm{curl}\ u + {\kappa }^{2}u = j\quad \textrm{ in }\Omega ,$$ where μ > 0 and κ are bounded functions. We derive a posteriori error estimates valid for any conforming approximations of the considered problems. For this purpose, we apply a new approach that is based on certain transformations of the basic integral identity. The consistency of the derived a posteriori error estimates is proved and the corresponding computational strategies are discussed.

Curl (mathematics)Discrete mathematicsApproximations of πBounded functionMathematical analysisA priori and a posterioriOmegaMathematics
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Adaptive control of a seven mode truncation of the Kolmogorov flow with drag

2009

Abstract We study a seven dimensional nonlinear dynamical system obtained by a truncation of the Navier–Stokes equations for a two dimensional incompressible fluid with the addition of a linear term modelling the drag friction. We show the bifurcation sequence leading from laminar steady states to chaotic solutions with increasing Reynolds number. Finally, we design an adaptive control which drives the state of the system to the equilibrium point representing the stationary solution.

D'Alembert's paradoxEquilibrium pointTruncationGeneral MathematicsApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyReynolds numberAdaptive controlStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsLaminar flowDrag equationFinite dimensional approximationPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsDragsymbolsBifurcationReynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equationsMathematics
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On the accuracy of the fast hierarchical DBEM for the analysis of static and dynamic crack problems

2010

In this paper the main features of a fast dual boundary element method based on the use of hierarchical matrices and iterative solvers are described and its effectiveness for fracture mechanics problems, both in the static and dynamic case, is demonstrated. The fast solver is built by representing the collocation matrix in hierarchical format and by using a preconditioned GMRES for the solution of the algebraic system. The preconditioner is computed in hierarchical format by LU decomposition of a coarse hierarchical representation of the collocation matrix. The method is applied to elastostatic problems and to elastodynamic cases represented in the Laplace transform domain. The application …

DBEM Adaptive Cross Approximation Hierarchical Matrices Fast BEM solvers Elastodynamics Laplace Transform Method Stress Intensity Factors.Settore ING-IND/04 - Costruzioni E Strutture Aerospaziali
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Limits of Sobolev homeomorphisms

2017

Let X; Y subset of R-2 be topologically equivalent bounded Lipschitz domains. We prove that weak and strong limits of homeomorphisms h: X (onto)-> Y in the Sobolev space W-1,W-p (X, R-2), p >= 2; are the same. As an application, we establish the existence of 2D-traction free minimal deformations for fairly general energy integrals. Peer reviewed

DIRICHLET ENERGYGeneral MathematicsDEFORMATIONSMONOTONE MAPPINGSLAPLACE EQUATION01 natural sciencesvariational integralsSobolev inequalityp-harmonic equationNONLINEAR ELASTICITYharmonic mappings111 MathematicsPOINTWISE HARDY INEQUALITIESREGULARITYSPACE0101 mathematicsMathematicsDISTORTIONSURFACESApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisEnergy-minimal deformationsDirichlet's energy010101 applied mathematicsSobolev spaceapproximation of Sobolev homeomorphismsNonlinear elasticityJournal of the European Mathematical Society
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Slow-roll corrections in multi-field inflation: a separate universes approach

2018

In view of cosmological parameters being measured to ever higher precision, theoretical predictions must also be computed to an equally high level of precision. In this work we investigate the impact on such predictions of relaxing some of the simplifying assumptions often used in these computations. In particular, we investigate the importance of slow-roll corrections in the computation of multi-field inflation observables, such as the amplitude of the scalar spectrum $P_\zeta$, its spectral tilt $n_s$, the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ and the non-Gaussianity parameter $f_{NL}$. To this end we use the separate universes approach and $\delta N$ formalism, which allows us to consider slow-roll…

DYNAMICSCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)ComputationFOS: Physical sciencesCMB01 natural sciences114 Physical sciences0103 physical sciencesStatistical physicsinflationMULTICOMPONENT INFLATON010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsSPECTRUMSlow roll010308 nuclear & particles physicsEquations of motionCONSTRAINTSAstronomy and AstrophysicsObservableCOSMOLOGICAL PERTURBATIONSEXPANSION115 Astronomy Space scienceAmplitudeHypersurfacecosmological perturbation theoryCompact formMulti field2ND-ORDERAPPROXIMATIONGENERATIONAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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