Search results for "Arboricoltura"

The Effect of Plant Water Status on the Chemical Composition of Pistachio Nuts (Pistacia vera L. Cultivar Bianca)

2020

Pistachio nuts are worldwide appreciated for their chemical and organoleptic profiles. There are several studies on the influence of irrigation on pistachio productivity, whereas there are little available data on the influence on nut quality. In this study we characterized some qualitative traits of pistachio nuts cultivar Bianca in Mediterranean environment and how plant water status affected them. Water status had a positive and significant influence on the chlorophylls content, nuts from less stressed trees showed higher values of chlorophyll a (14.7 mg/100 g) and b (21.1 mg/100 g) compared than more stressed trees (9.3 and 11.5 mg/100 g for a and b, respectively). Solid phase microextr…

Modellistica agro-idrologica per la stima dei consumi traspirativi di colture Mediterranee e schematizzazione della funzione di stress idrico

2014

I modelli di simulazione agro-idrologica permettono la schematizzazione dei fenomeni che si manifestano nel sistema suolo-vegetazione-atmosfera (SVA) su un ampio range di scale spaziali e temporali. Ogni singolo comparto del sistema è caratterizzato da comportamenti complessi dovuti, ad esempio, alle strategie adattative della pianta in risposta a condizioni di deficit idrico del suolo. Con riferimento a quest’ultimo aspetto, nella stima degli attingimenti radicali e quindi dei consumi traspirativi effettivi, di cruciale importanza risulta la corretta schematizzazione della funzione di stress idrico, descritta in generale utilizzando coefficienti riduttivi della traspirazione potenziale in …

LOW VIGOR PEACH × ALMOND ROOTSTOCKS FOR INTENSIVE PEACH PLANTINGS IN MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENTS

2014

A three-year trial was carried out to evaluate the vegetative and productive performance of five peach rootstocks of varied vigor. The study was conducted in south-western Sicily using 45 V-trained trees of 'Tropic Snow' peach planted in 2005 and grafted on GF677 and four low-vigor rootstocks selected at the Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, namely IS5/8 (Polluce), IS5/19 (Castore), IS5/23, IS5/29. Trunk circumference, winter and summer pruning weight, number and mass of fruit were recorded from 2010 to 2012. All IS selections reduced trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) and pruning weight compared to GF677 with IS5/23 inducing the highest reducti…

Ecological and economic indicators for the evaluation of almond (Prunus dulcis l.) orchard renewal in sicily

2020

Globally, almond production is experiencing a growing trend thanks to a strong interest in the health, gastronomic, and industrial properties that are linked to the fruits and their derivatives. After a constant and marked decline in the second half of the last century, the Mediterranean Basin is thoroughly reassessing this crop, which provides significant results with a modern orchard management. The opportunity determined by the transition from traditional to modern systems have increased the interest in evaluating the different environmental impacts of the two cultivation models that still coexist today. In this work, through the application of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and an econ…

The influence of Opuntia ficus-indica mucilage edible coating on the quality of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit slices

2016

Abstract The aim of this work was to study the effect of mucilage edible coating extracted from Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) on the quality and shelf life maintenance of packaged kiwifruit slices. OFI mucilage alone or added with TWEEN ® 20 were applied on kiwifruit fresh cut surfaces. After treatments, kiwifruit samples were stored under passive atmosphere at 5 ± 1 °C for 3, 5, 7 and 12 days. At each storage period, visual quality and flavor score, pectin content, ascorbic acid and the microbiological characteristics were measured together with CO 2 and O 2 content in the packages. Kiwifruit slices coated only with mucilage or with mucilage plus Tween 20, showed a significant higher firmness…

Olive embryo in vitro germination potential: Role of explant configuration and embryo structure among cultivars

2014

The in vitro germination of excised embryos can break dormancy rapidly and shorten the time required to produce seedlings, speeding up olive breeding programmes as well as rootstock production. In this study, the in vitro germination potential of four Sicilian olive cultivars was evaluated during two years of experiments, using explants with three different morphological configurations that represent three different degrees of embryo exposure: (1) intact stoneless seeds containing the embryo, the endosperm and the seed coat (Emb+En+SC), (2) seeds without the seed coat (Emb+En) and (3) naked, isolated embryos (seed coat and endosperm both removed: Emb). Differences were found in the germinat…

FRUIT INHIBITS FLOWERING IN ALTERNATE BEARING CITRUS VARIETIES. HORMONAL, GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC REGULATION

In mature citrus trees, flowering is regulated by exogenous signals (i.e., low/high temperature, water shortage/water supply) that control flowering time, and by endogenous signals that control flower intensity. Actually, the ratio of endogenous promoters to inhibitors is considered as responsible for flowering; however, there is evidence suggesting that the inhibitors and their metabolism are the sole factors controlling flowering in Citrus. All the meristems have the information and ability to flower unless a negative factor hampers the process. The main endogenous factor controlling flower intensity is the fruit. Attending to the aforementioned, in this PhD. thesis, the following hypothe…

Recupero e caratterizzazione delle accessioni di ciliegio (Prunus avium l.) del germoplasma autoctono della calabria

2011

Innovazione varietale, genotipi tradizionali e qualità dei frutti nella melicoltura siciliana

2019

L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è stato quello di valutare, dal punto di vista pomologico e sensoriale, varietà di melo tradizionali e nuovi cloni, entrambi coltivati nel territorio collinare siciliano. Più precisamente abbiamo studiato le performance qualitative di mele del germoplasma siciliano e quello di frutti provenienti da programmi di innovazione varietale che ancora sono in via di osservazione per una eventuale diffusione sul territorio nell’ambito di progetti ministeriali specifici (Farina et al., 2009; Gregori et al., 2015). Lo studio si è basato su analisi chimico-fisiche e panel test applicate alla raccolta commerciale.

Characterization of Sicilian Olive Genotypes by Multivariate Analysis of Leaf and Fruit Chemical and Morphological Properties

2013

Leaf and fruit size and shape were measured and mannitol, glucose, sucrose and malic acid were quantified in leaf, bark and fruit of 25 Sicilian olive genotypes. Multivariate analysis was used to individuate groups with similar chemical composition and morphological traits suggesting potential for stress tolerance and/or oil yield and quality. Mannitol content varied greatly among genotypes and was the most abundant carbohydrate in leaf and bark, whereas glucose was the most abundant in fruit. Sucrose and malic acid were generally low indicating a marginal role in olive tissues. Mannitol and glucose were directly related in both leaf and fruit tissues. Genotypes also differed for carbohydra…