Search results for "Argumentation"
showing 10 items of 139 documents
Three Dimensions of Dialogicity in Dialogic Argumentation
2019
Three dimensions of dialogicity are emphasised in the literature: dialogic teacher talk, students' dialogic moves and organising for dialogic teaching. In this article, we examine these dimensions and the interplay between them in supporting dialogic argumentation in the context of whole-class discussions in mathematics and physics. Three seemingly different seventh-grade lessons were selected for further analysis from the database of a research project on dialogic argumentation. In this paper, we focus on whole-class discussions after a group assignment. The lessons were video recorded with multiple cameras and transcribed. We characterised dialogic features of teacher talk, more general t…
Control Motivational System
2016
In this chapter, the concept of control is presented using historical and contemporary literature. This overview presents compelling evidence that shows the importance of control in motivational science. The basic need for control is further analysed in the three all-embracing life domains: mastering environmental cues where the need for achievement is prominent, balancing interpersonal relations leading to the emergence of the need for power and managing the intra-personal processes resulting in employment of the various self-strategies. The chapter closes with the argumentation that all the presented evidence in the different life domains strongly suggests the existence of one unifying mo…
Explanatory Reasoning: A Probabilistic Interpretation
2016
This paper deals with inference guided by explanatory considerations –specifically with the prospects for a probabilistic interpretation of it. After pointing out some differences between two sorts of explanatory reasoning – i.e.: abduction and “inference to the best explanation” – in the first section I distinguish two tasks: (a) to discern which explanation is the best one; (b) to assess whether the best explanation deserves to be legitimately believed. In Sect. 20.2 I discuss some recent definitions of explanatory power based on “reduction of uncertainty” (Schupbach and Sprenger 2011; Crupi and Tentori 2012). Even though a probabilistic framework is a promising option here, I will argue …
Aprender y argumentar España. La visión de la identidad española entre el alumnado al finalizar el bachillerato
2012
Este trabajo forma parte de un estudio más amplio sobre la progresión del aprendizaje de la identidad nacional entre alumnado español de secundaria a partir del actual marco curricular y los libros de texto mayoritarios. Aquí se presentan los resultados provisionales de un análisis empírico de la visión del alumnado sobre la identidad española al acabar bachillerato y su capacidad de argumentar al respecto. Se ha realizado a partir de una muestra de cuestionarios y ejercicios de argumentación en un centro de secundaria This paper is part of a wider study on the learning progression of the national identity among students of spanish secondary from the current curriculum framework and the maj…
Neil MacCormick's Second Thoughts on Legal Reasoning and Legal Theory. A Defence of the Original View
2011
This paper offers a diachronic reconstruction of MacCormick's theory of law and legal argumentation: In particular, two related points will be highlighted in which the difference between the perspective upheld in Legal Reasoning and Legal Theory and the later writings is particularly marked. The first point concerns MacCormick's gradual break with legal positivism, and more specifically the thesis that the implicit pretension to justice of law proves legal positivism false in all its different versions. The second point concerns MacCormick's acceptance of the one-right-answer thesis and the consequent thinning of the differences between MacCormick's theory of legal reasoning and that of Ron…
Pragmatic evidence, context, and story design: an essay on recent developments in experimental pragmatics
2012
What is pragmatic evidence? In this contribution, I argue that pragmatic evidence basically is connected with pragmatic intuitions related to a context. The context usually is either given as a story, or is left to the imagination of a judge (a linguist, a reader, a test participant). It is shown that stories not only play an important role in pragmatic argumentation and analysis, but also with regard to story design in experimental settings.
Negotiating digital surveillance legislation in post-Snowden times : An argumentation analysis of Finnish political discourse
2019
Abstract In the digital era, when security agencies world-wide have been challenging basic democratic principles with massive data gathering, Finland has had a different approach: it has conducted no large-scale surveillance of citizens’ online activities. Now, however, the country is planning such a vast expansion of state surveillance that the constitution itself must be altered. The present article examines one key point in this legislative process to see how the new surveillance measures are argued for and criticized, and how the differing points of view are negotiated to ultimately enable political action. Drawing particularly on Fairclough and Fairclough’s (2012) approach to argumenta…
Atenuación en el discurso de los participantes no profesionales de los juicios orales. ¿Un caso de lenguaje débil?
2020
El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar la manera en que se manifiesta la atenuación en los participantes no profesionales de los juicios orales. Tradicionalmente, se ha vinculado el empleo de recursos relacionados con la atenuación (como los hedges o las fórmulas de cortesía) con el lenguaje débil, pues las personas que usan estos recursos en su declaración limitan su compromiso con lo dicho y son percibidas como menos creíbles y menos inteligentes (Erickson, Lind, Johnson & O'Barr, 1978). No obstante, tras analizar un corpus de 12 juicios orales españoles pertenecientes al juzgado de lo penal, se ha comprobado que el uso de estos y otros recursos que se asocian con la atenuación pueden p…
Defending either a personal or an assigned standpoint
2018
Abstract This study clarifies whether a specific type of role play supports upper secondary school students’ collaborative argumentation. Data consist of 12 dyadic face-to-face and 12 chat debates. Data analysis focused on the quality of students’ argumentation. Comparisons were made between students who defended standpoints at variance with their personal opinions on the topics, between the two study modes and topics, and by gender. When the students defended a standpoint differing from their personal opinion, the male students engaged in counterargumentation more often than the female students. When, in turn, the students defended their personal standpoint, they produced both counterargum…
Students’ Interpretations of a Persuasive Multimodal Video About Vaccines
2021
The present study investigated students’ (N = 404) interpretations of the main message and use of modes in a persuasive multimodal video on vaccines. It also examined whether students’ topic knowledge, language arts grades, and self-identified gender were associated with their interpretations. Students analyzed a YouTube video in which two entertainers demonstrated the importance of vaccinating children. Students’ interpretations of the usefulness of vaccines varied in terms of quality of reasoning, which was associated with students’ topic knowledge. Notably, many students’ interpretations of the use of modes were incomplete, or they did not even mention certain modes in their response. Th…