Search results for "Asian"

Blood DNA Methylation and Incident Coronary Heart Disease

2021

IMPORTANCE American Indian communities experience a high burden of coronary heart disease (CHD). Strategies are needed to identify individuals at risk and implement preventive interventions. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of blood DNA methylation (DNAm) with incident CHD using a large number of methylation sites (cytosine-phosphate-guanine [CpG]) in a single model. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective study, including a discovery cohort (the Strong Heart Study [SHS]) and 4 additional cohorts (the Women's Health Initiative [WHI], the Framingham Heart Study [FHS], the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study ([ARIC]-Black, and ARIC-White), evaluated 12 American Indian…

Exotic foods reveal contact between South Asia and the Near East during the second millennium BCE

2020

Aunque el papel clave del comercio a larga distancia en la transformación de las cocinas en todo el mundo está bien documentado desde al menos la época romana, la prehistoria del comercio de alimentos euroasiático es menos visible. Con el fin de arrojar luz sobre la transformación de las cocinas del Mediterráneo oriental durante la Edad del Bronce y la Edad del Hierro Temprana, analizamos los microrestos y las proteínas conservadas en el cálculo dental de individuos que vivieron durante el segundo milenio a. Nuestros resultados proporcionan evidencia clara del consumo de alimentos básicos esperados, como cereales (Triticeae), sésamo ( Sesamum ) y dátiles ( Phoenix ). Además, informamos evid…

Factor V Leiden distribution – could it shed some light on the pre-history of Europe and the Near East?

2016

Polymorphism of clotting factor V, comprising Arg506Gln substitution in the factor V molecule, commonly known as Factor V Leiden, represents the most common heritable risk factor for thrombotic events in Indo-Europeans and some Semitic nations. Although it is suggested that this mutation is associated with a survival advantage that has facilitated the spread of this polymorphism in the human population, in this paper we argue against such a Darwinian evolutionary mechanism responsible for the high prevalence of FV Leiden in some countries. Instead, we propose that cultural, climatic, and geographic factors played a role. Taking into account the current distribution of FV Leiden polymorphism…

Smart cities: Case studies

2016

Il capitolo mostra alcuni esempi di smart cities. Nel capitolo i casi di studio sono divisi in aree geografiche, che a livello macroscopico si riferiscono a diversi tipi di città e comunità in relazione a diversi livelli di innovazione tecnologica e tipo di capitale umano, che sono fattori chiave per raggiungere uno sviluppo smart. Le città di nuova costruzione sono città appartenenti all'area asiatica pianificate da zero per limitare emissioni nocive ed alzare la qualità della vita dei cittadini. Nel paragrafo sulle città del Nord Europa e quelle del Mediterraneo sono descritte città che possiedono alte caratteristiche storiche. Talvolta queste hanno poche possibilità - per le loro caratte…

Mitochondrial DNA in the central european population

2000

Sequencing of mtDNA is an advanced method for the individualisation of traces. Disadvantages of this method are expensive and time-consuming analysis and evaluation procedures as well as the necessary stock of population-genetic data which is still insufficient. Central European institutes of forensic medicine from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland have been working together since the beginning of 1998 to establish a mtDNA database. The aim is to build up a large stock of forensically established data and provide population-genetic data for frequency investigations, which will serve as a basis for expert opinions and scientific research. Good data quality is ensured by using original sequen…

Orbital insolation forcing of the Indian Monsoon – a motor for global climate changes?

2003

Abstract Both modern and ancient Indian summer monsoons are driven by transequatorial pressure differences, directly coupled with the insolation difference between the Northern and Southern subtropical Hemispheres. A high-resolution record of upwelling and dust flux from the western Arabian Sea resembles an insolation-based Indian Summer Monsoon Index. This index and the observed monsoonal climate variations share major elements on the orbital obliquity and precessional band with the Specmap marine oxygen isotope record, representing global ice volume. The long-term evolution of the index mirrors almost exactly the insolation changes at 65°N, showing that the forcing of low latitude climate…

2010

Abstract. Southern Asia, extending from Pakistan and Afghanistan to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, is one of the most heavily populated regions of the world. Biofuel and biomass burning play a disproportionately large role in the emissions of most key pollutant gases and aerosols there, in contrast to much of the rest of the Northern Hemisphere, where fossil fuel burning and industrial processes tend to dominate. This results in polluted air masses which are enriched in carbon-containing aerosols, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons. The outflow and long-distance transport of these polluted air masses is characterized by three distinct seasonal circulation patterns: the winter monsoon, the s…

Climate variations of Central Asia on orbital to millennial timescales

2016

AbstractThe extent to which climate variability in Central Asia is causally linked to large-scale changes in the Asian monsoon on varying timescales remains a longstanding question. Here we present precisely dated high-resolution speleothem oxygen-carbon isotope and trace element records of Central Asia’s hydroclimate variability from Tonnel’naya cave, Uzbekistan and Kesang cave, western China. On orbital timescales, the supra-regional climate variance, inferred from our oxygen isotope records, exhibits a precessional rhythm, punctuated by millennial-scale abrupt climate events, suggesting a close coupling with the Asian monsoon. However, the local hydroclimatic variability at both cave sit…

Five Kurosawas and a (de)construction of theOrient

2019

In 1959, UNESCO published a catalogue of Eastern films suitable for Western audiences, titled ‘Orient. A Survey of Films Produced in Countries of Arab and Asian Culture’. The aim of the catalogue was to familiarise Western audiences with Eastern cultures through cinema. The catalogue lists seven general characteristics of Eastern cinema to distinguish it from its Western counterpart and to provide ready-made interpretations of the essential characteristics of the Eastern world. Of the 139 feature films listed in the catalogue, five were directed by Kurosawa Akira – the biggest number of films by a single director. This article provides an analysis of the five Kurosawa films within the frame…

Tierras inundadas: El cultivo del arroz en la España contemporánea (1800-1936)

2002

Editada en la Fundación Empresa Pública El arroz fue una de las diversas dedicaciones agrícolas que permitieron mejorar los rendimientos en las condiciones particulares del mundo mediterráneo. Su implantación, sin embargo, exigió profundas transformaciones en el aprovechamiento del agua y comportó, a causa de las implicaciones sanitarias del cultivo, la intervención estatal. Su inserción en las estructuras agrarias existentes no fue, por tanto, fácil pero posibilitó el uso agrario de áreas de difícil aprovechamiento como la Albufera valenciana, el delta del Ebro y las Marismas del Guadalquivir. Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, además, esta producción tuvo que adaptarse a la competencia…