Search results for "Assay"
showing 10 items of 2241 documents
Toxicity of used orthodontic archwires assessed by three-dimensional cell culture
2006
The aim of the present study was to determine whether used orthodontic wires made of different materials cause toxicity and loss of viability on three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. Three types of orthodontic wires, stainless steel, Nitinol, and TMA (n = 9) which had been used clinically in fixed appliances for a period of 1 month, were retrieved at random from five patients. Both upper and lower archwires were collected and subjected to two different protocols: to assess toxicity, two pieces of each wire were placed on 3D cell cultures (reconstituted human epithelium); to investigate the possibility of cell damage, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) ass…
Acute toxicity of dichlorvos to Aphanius iberus (Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846) and its anti-cholinesterase effects on this species
2008
This study evaluates the toxic effects of the organophosphate pesticide (OP) dichlorvos to the endangered Iberian toothcarp (Aphanius iberus). To this end, the lethal toxicity of dichlorvos based on 96 h-LC50 bioassays was determined in saline water (50 g/L), and in vivo effects of dichlorvos on cholinesterase (ChE) activity were investigated in adult female and male specimens. The 96 h-LC50 value determined by probit analysis was 3.17 mg/L (95% confidence limits: 1.34-3.97). The characterisation of the ChE using different substrates and specific inhibitors was also carried out in head and muscle tissues. Acetylthiocholine was the substrate preferred by both head and muscle ChE in males and…
Preliminary Findings: 25(OH)D Levels and PTH Are Indicators of Rapid Bone Accrual in Pubertal Children
2007
The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of serum levels of 25(OH)D and PTH on the accumulation of whole body bone mass in a cohort of children.This was a longitudinal study (1.98 +/- 0.07 y) of sixty-nine children (89% Caucasian, 44% male) enrolled in a calcium supplementation trial. Bone area, bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) of the whole body and radius were assessed using a QDR 2000 (Hologic, Inc) dual energy x-ray absorptiometer. Serum PTH and 25(OH)D were measured using radioimmunoassays.Vitamin D stores were inversely related gain in bone area (p0.002), BMC (p0.002) BMD (p0.027), as well as to PTH levels (p0.0001). Compared to those with adequate vitamin D sto…
European Sero-Epidemiology Network: standardisation of the assay results for pertussis
2003
A standardisation process was developed in order to compare and harmonize serological results of pertussis toxin (PT) antibody measurements performed by laboratories using different technical procedures for detection. This involved the development of a common panel, of sera by a designed reference centre, the distribution of the panel to each participating laboratory for testing with their routine methods, the comparison of the obtained results to those of the reference centre, and the calculation of standardisation equations by regressing the quantitative results against those of the reference centre. As a cut-off indicative of protection against pertussis has not yet been defined, a parti…
International, multicenter evaluation of a new D-dimer assay for the exclusion of venous thromboembolism using standard and age-adjusted cut-offs.
2017
We sought to determine the test characteristics of an automated INNOVANCE D-dimer assay for the exclusion of pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in emergency department (ED) patients using standard and age-adjusted cut-offs.Cross-sectional, international, multicenter study of consecutive patients with suspected DVT or PE in 24 centers (18 USA, 6 Europe). Evaluated patients had low or intermediate Wells PE or DVT scores. For the standard cut-off, a D-dimer result500 ng/ml was negative. For the age adjusted cut-off, we used the formula: Age (years) ∗ 10. The diagnostic standard was imaging demonstrating PE or DVT within 3 months. We calculated test characteristics using s…
Urinary ethyl glucuronide (uEtG) as a marker for alcohol consumption in liver transplant candidates: a real-world cohort
2020
In order to reduce alcohol relapse after liver transplantation (LT), the German national guidelines for waiting-list maintenance and organ allocation demand a minimum 6-month period of alcohol abstinence pre-LT, confirmed by measuring urinary ethyl glucuronide (uEtG). Between January 2015 and June 2016, uEtG was measured at least once in 339 cirrhotic patients with an indication for LT at the University Medical Center Mainz. uEtG was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening test (cutoff value: 500 µg/L). For uEtG values ≥ 500 µg/L, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed as a confirmatory assay. Data were collected prospectively in a tra…
Effects of levosimendan on hemodynamics, local cerebral blood flow, neuronal injury, and neuroinflammation after asphyctic cardiac arrest in rats.
2014
Despite advances in cardiac arrest treatment, high mortality and morbidity rates after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation are still a major clinical relevant problem. The post cardiac arrest syndrome subsumes myocardial dysfunction, impaired microcirculation, systemic inflammatory response, and neurological impairment. The calcium-sensitizer levosimendan was able to improve myocardial function and initial resuscitation success after experimental cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We hypothesized that levosimendan exerts beneficial effects on cerebral blood flow, neuronal injury, neurological outcome, and inflammation 24 hours after experimental cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonar…
Cytomegalovirus infection with interleukin-6 response predicts cardiac mortality in patients with coronary artery disease.
2001
Background —Prospective data relating previous exposure to cytomegalovirus (CMV) to the risk of cardiac mortality are controversial. We investigated the effect of previous exposure to CMV infection on the risk of future cardiac disease–related death in relation to an underlying inflammatory response. Methods and Results —Coronary angiography was performed in 1134 subjects, and 989 patients with documented coronary artery disease were studied prospectively. CMV-IgG titers and interleukin (IL)-6 levels were measured before angiography. Increasing titers of CMV correlated with the elevation of IL-6 levels ( P <0.001) after adjustment for possible confounders. All patients were followed up …
PE-11, a peptide derived from chromogranin B, in the rat eye.
2010
The aim of the study was to investigate the presence and distribution of PE-11, a peptide derived from chromogranin B, in the rat eye. For this purpose, newborn rats were injected with a single dosage of 50mg/kg capsaicin subcutaneously under the neck fold and after three months, particular eye tissues were dissected and the concentration of PE-11-like immunoreactivity was determined by radioimmunoassay. Furthermore, PE-11-like immunoreactivities were characterized in an extract of the rat eye by reversed phase HPLC. Then, the distribution pattern of PE-11 was investigated in the rat eye and rat trigeminal ganglion by immunofluorescence. As a result, PE-11 was present in each tissue of the …
Effect of circulating growth hormone on muscle IGF-I protein concentration in female mice with growth hormone receptor gene disruption.
2009
Growth hormone (GH) is a potent secretague for circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of circulating GH on muscle IGF-I protein expression using GH transgenic animal models. Three different models were used: mice that overexpress bovine GH (bGH; n=10), mice without a functional GH receptor (GHR-/-; n=10), and wildtype mice (n=10). All mice were 16-week old females and each group differed in their basic phenotypic characteristics. Immediately after euthanization the triceps surae muscle group (soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles) was removed. IGF-I was extracted from the muscle with an acid-ethanol solution (12.5% 2N hyd…