Search results for "Atmospheric temperature"

showing 4 items of 464 documents

Effects of pyrolysis temperature on the hydrologically relevant porosity of willow biochar

2018

Biochar pore space consists of porosity of multiple length scales. In direct water holding applications like water storage for plant water uptake, the main interest is in micrometre-range porosity since these pores are able to store water that is easily available for plants. Gas adsorption measurements which are commonly used to characterize the physical pore structure of biochars are not able to quantify this pore-size range. While pyrogenetic porosity (i.e. pores formed during pyrolysis process) tends to increase with elevated process temperature, it is uncertain whether this change affects the pore space capable to store plant available water. In this study, we characterized biochar poro…

porosityMaterials scienceFOS: Physical sciencesApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)010501 environmental sciencesRaw materialkuivatislaus01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryhuokoisuusAdsorptionimage analysisBiocharmedicinebiocharta216CharcoalPorosityta2180105 earth and related environmental sciencesCondensed Matter - Materials Sciencex-ray tomographybiohiilita114Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Physics - Applied Physics04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesAtmospheric temperature rangeslow pyrolysisWater retentionFuel TechnologykuvantaminenChemical engineeringvisual_artkuva-analyysi040103 agronomy & agriculturevisual_art.visual_art_medium0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesmedicine.symptomPyrolysis
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Rotational collisional line broadening at high temperatures in the N2 fundamental Q-branch studied with stimulated Raman spectroscopy

1986

Self broadened N 2 Q-branch spectra are measured by high resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy in the pressure region 0.25-1.9 atm. and in the temperature range 295-1310 K. Non additivity of the Q(J) components due to line overlap arising in the highest pressure range explored is carefully taken into account. Excellent fit of the whole spectra is thus obtained for each pressure with linearly density-dependent line widths. Semi-classical calculations of the line-broadening coefficients lead to consistent values with all the measured ones. These calculations are extended to higher J values and to higher temperatures (up to 2500 K). At last, a simple phenomenological model based on a polyno…

symbols.namesakeChemistryPhenomenological modelsymbolsMineralogyRotational transitionAtomic physicsAtmospheric temperature rangeSpectroscopyRaman scatteringSpectral lineRotational energyLine (formation)Journal de Physique
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Applications and non-idealities of submicron Al–AlOx–Nb tunnel junctions

2016

We have developed a technique to fabricate sub-micron, 0.6µm×0.6µm Al-AlOx-Nb tunnel junctions using a standard e-beam resist, angle evaporation and double oxidation of the tunneling barrier, resulting in high quality niobium, as determined by the the high measured values of the critical temperature TC ∼ 7.5 K and the gap ∆ ∼ 1.3 meV. The devices show great promise for local nanoscale thermometry in the temperature range 1 - 7.5 K. Electrical characterization of the junctions was performed at sub-Kelvin temperatures both with and without an external magnetic field, which was used to suppress superconductivity in Al and thus bring the junction into a normal-metal-insulator-superconductor (NI…

thermometryNiobiumFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsNIS junctionQuantum tunnellingSuperconductivityPhysicssuperconducting tunnel junctionCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicssub-gap currentbusiness.industryMetals and AlloysAtmospheric temperature range021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsEvaporation (deposition)Magnetic fieldCharacterization (materials science)ResistchemistryCeramics and CompositesOptoelectronicsniobium0210 nano-technologybusinessSuperconductor Science and Technology
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Volumes of aqueous block copolymers based on poly(propylene oxides) and poly(ethylene oxides) in a large temperature range: A quantitative description

2006

The focus of this paper was on a quantitative comprehension of temperature effect on the volumes of aqueous di-block and triblock copolymers, based on propylene oxide (PO) and ethylene oxide (EO) units. To this purpose, literature data dealing with (EO316PO94 + water) and (EO13PO30EO13 + water) mixtures were analyzed. The volume vs. temperature trends were rationalized on the basis of the (unimers + aggregate) equilibrium by taking into account the temperature effect on both the partial molar volumes of the unimeric and the aggregated copolymer as well as the equilibrium constant of micellization. The analysis extended to the expansibility allowed to quantify the contribution for the shift …

volumecopolymerAqueous solutionEthylene oxideaggregationAnalytical chemistryFraction (chemistry)expansibilityAtmospheric temperature rangeAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsmodellingchemistry.chemical_compoundVolume (thermodynamics)chemistryPolymer chemistryCopolymerGeneral Materials SciencePropylene oxidePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEquilibrium constantThe Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
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