Search results for "Atopy"
showing 10 items of 99 documents
Noninvasive methods for the detection of upper and lower airway inflammation in atopic children
2006
Background Exhaled nitric oxide (FE NO ) and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) are noninvasive methods to assess inflammation. Objective To investigate the role of the FE NO and of the EBC pH and IL-5 levels in atopic children. Methods We evaluated oral and nasal FE NO and the pH and IL-5 of oral and nasal EBC in children with atopic dermatitis (AD; n=18), allergic rhinitis (AR; n=18), intermittent asthma (n = 21), moderate persistent asthma (n = 18), and healthy controls (HCs; n=16). Results Oral FE NO was significantly increased in asthma, whereas the nasal values were increased in AR and asthma in comparison with HCs. The pH of oral EBC was lower in AD and asthma than in AR and HCs, wherea…
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children with atopic rhinitis: a 7-year follow-up
2004
Background: A high prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) was found in atopic subjects with rhinitis. Those subjects may be at higher risk for developing bronchial asthma. We evaluated, in a 7-year follow-up, BHR and atopy in a homogeneous population of nonasthmatic children with allergic rhinitis (AR), and their role in asthma development. Methods: Twenty-eight children (6–15 years) with AR were studied. At enrollment (T0), skin tests, total serum IgE assay, peak expiratory flow (PEF) monitoring and methacholine (Mch) bronchial challenge were performed. BHR was computed as the Mch dose causing a 20% forced expiratory volume (FEV)1 fall (PD20FEV1) and as dose–response slope (DR…
How well do questionnaires perform compared with physical examination in detecting flexural eczema? Findings from the International Study of Asthma a…
2009
International audience; BACKGROUND: Questionnaires are widely used in epidemiological studies to measure eczema symptom prevalence, but there are concerns regarding their accuracy if used as a diagnostic tool. OBJECTIVES: To compare the performance of a validated eczema symptom questionnaire and a standardized skin examination protocol employed in the second phase of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). METHODS: A total of 30,358 schoolchildren aged 8-12 years from 18 countries were examined for flexural eczema. Parents also completed an eczema symptom questionnaire. We compared prevalence estimates at the population level based on the questionnaire vs. phys…
The point prevalence of otitis media with eVusion among primary school children in Western Sicily
2009
The objective of this study is to identify the prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in primary school children and to value the possible predisposing factors focusing on relationship between allergy and OME in Western Sicily. 2,097 children attending primary school were screened from September 2006 to June 2007 in Sciacca. Children underwent pneumatic otoscopy, skin tests, tympanogram and acoustic reflex tests. Audiogram was performed if the child had a type B or a type C tympanogram. The criteria for diagnosis of OME were: documented persistent middle ear effusion by otoscopic examination for a minimum of 3 months, presence of B or C tympanogram, absence of ipsilateral acoustic r…
Otitis media with effusion with or without atopy: audiological findings on primary schoolchildren
2011
Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of atopy in otitis media with effusion (OME) in children attending primary school, focusing on the audiometric and tympanometric measurements among atopic and nonatopic subjects suffering from OME. Materials and Methods: Three hundred ten children (5-6 years old) were screened in Western Sicily by skin tests and divided into atopics (G1) and nonatopics (G2). The samples were evaluated for OME by pneumatic otoscopy, tympanogram, and acoustic reflex tests. The parameters considered were as follows: documented persistent middle ear effusion by otoscopic examination for a minimum of 3 months, presence of B or C tympanogram, absence …
Severe infantile colic and food intolerance: A long-term prospective study
1991
To determine the relationship between infantile colic and cow's milk protein intolerance (CMPI) in formula-fed infants, 70 infants (38 male, 32 female) were selected, with mean age 30.2 +/- 21.4 days, with severe colic (duration of crying greater than 4 h per day for 5 days per week). In 50 of the infants in the study group (71.4%) there was a remission of symptoms when cow's milk protein (CMP) was eliminated from the diet. Two successive challenges caused the return of symptoms in all these 50 infants. There was a positive anamnesis for atopy in 9 of 50 of the patients with CMP-related colic and in 1 of 20 of those with non-CMP-related colic (p greater than 0.05). A follow-up period of 18 …
The role of atopy in otitis media with effusion among primary school children: audiological investigation
2010
The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of atopy in otitis media with effusion (OME) in children attending primary school in western Sicily focusing on the audiological characteristics among atopic and non-atopic subjects suffering from OME. A total of 310 children (5-6 years old) were screened by skin tests and divided into atopics (G1) and non-atopics (G2). The samples were evaluated for OME by pneumatic otoscopy, tympanogram and acoustic reflex tests. The parameters considered were: documented persistent middle ear effusion by otoscopic examination for a minimum of 3 months; presence of B or C tympanogram; absence of ipsilateral acoustic reflex and a conductive hearing loss …
Asthma phenotypes identified by latent class analysis in the ISAAC phase II Spain study.
2012
SummaryBackground Classification of respiratory symptoms may help to identify different underlying asthma phenotypes reflecting differences in aetiology and prognosis of wheezing disease among children. Objective To determine childhood asthma phenotypes based on respiratory symptoms from a widely used questionnaire to further classify phenotypes in international settings. Methods Between 2000 and 2002 cross-sectional studies were performed in four centres in Spain. Parental questionnaires were used to collect information on allergic diseases in more than 4000 children aged 8–12 years. In addition, objective markers for allergic sensitization and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) were meas…
The impact of age on prevalence of positive skin prick tests and specific IgE tests
2011
SummaryAging is associated with modifications of the immune system, defined as immunosenescence. This could contribute to a reduced prevalence of allergic disease in the elderly population. In this regard, atopy has rarely been considered in the clinical assessment of the geriatric respiratory patient. This article is a review of the available literature assessing the impact of age on atopy. In the majority of papers, we found a lower prevalence of atopy in the most advanced ages, both in healthy subjects and in individuals affected by allergic respiratory diseases. Unfortunately, no large, longitudinal studies performed in the general population have been conducted to further explore this …
Assessment of a qualitative serological assay to screen for allergic sensitization in elderly subjects
2013
We used a commercially available specific IgE qualitative serological assay to screen for allergic sensitization. Two hundred twenty-eight elderly subjects took part in the study. Skin-prick tests (SPTs) to a panel of relevant aeroallergens present in the study area were used as the diagnostic reference procedure (gold standard). Subjects with at least one positive SPT (≥3 mml n = 76) were considered to have developed an allergic sensitization. The qualitative assay correctly classified subjects as sensitized to an allergen or not sensitized in 257 of 288 cases (accuracy, 88.9%; 95% CI, 85.0-92.0%). The qualitative assay sensitivity was 70.0 (95% CI, 58.1-79.7) and specificity was 95.7 (95%…