Search results for "Attention."
showing 10 items of 915 documents
The ATXN1 and TRIM31 genes are related to intelligence in an ADHD background: evidence from a large collaborative study totaling 4,963 subjects
2010
Contains fulltext : 96400.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Intelligence is a highly heritable trait for which it has proven difficult to identify the actual genes. In the past decade, five whole-genome linkage scans have suggested genomic regions important to human intelligence; however, so far none of the responsible genes or variants in those regions have been identified. Apart from these regions, a handful of candidate genes have been identified, although most of these are in need of replication. The recent growth in publicly available data sets that contain both whole genome association data and a wealth of phenotypic data, serves as an excellent resource for fine mapping and …
Polygenic association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder liability and cognitive impairments.
2022
AbstractBackgroundA recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 12 independent loci significantly associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Polygenic risk scores (PRS), derived from the GWAS, can be used to assess genetic overlap between ADHD and other traits. Using ADHD samples from several international sites, we derived PRS for ADHD from the recent GWAS to test whether genetic variants that contribute to ADHD also influence two cognitive functions that show strong association with ADHD: attention regulation and response inhibition, captured by reaction time variability (RTV) and commission errors (CE).MethodsThe discovery GWAS included 19 099 ADHD cases …
Étude exploratoire de l’effet d’un amorçage olfactif sur les biais attentionnels chez des adultes normo-pondéraux, en surpoids et obèses
2018
National audience; Introduction Hendrikse et al. [1] mettent en évidence des biais attentionnels (le fait que notre attention soit attirée par certains stimuli plus perceptivement saillants que d’autres dans l’environnement) différents selon le statut pondéral des individus. Ces biais attentionnels sont exacerbés chez les individus en surpoids et obèses face à des stimuli alimentaires à haute densité énergétique [2]. Ces biais semblent jouer un rôle dans le développement et dans le maintien de l'obésité. Notre étude se propose d’étudier les biais attentionnels chez des adultes normo-pondéraux (NP), en surpoids (SP) et obèses (OB) ainsi que les effets d’odeurs alimentaires sur ces biais, en …
Electrophysiological evidence for the effectiveness of images versus text in warnings
2023
AbstractWarning sign plays an important role in risk avoidance. Many studies have found that images are better warnings than text, while others have revealed flaws of image-only warning signs. To better understand the factors underlying the effectiveness of different types of warning signs (image only, text only, or image and text), this study adopted event-related potential technology to explore the differences at the neurocognitive level using the oddball paradigm and the Go/No-go paradigm. Together, the behavioral and electroencephalogram results showed that text-only warnings had the lowest effectiveness, but there was little difference between the image-only and image-and-text warnings…
Behavioral Restriction Determines Left Attentional Bias: Preliminary Evidences From COVID-19 Lockdown
2021
International audience; During the COVID-19 lockdown, individuals were forced to remain at home, hence severely limiting the interaction within environmental stimuli, reducing the cognitive load placed on spatial competences. The effects of the behavioral restriction on cognition have been little examined. The present study is aimed at analyzing the effects of lockdown on executive function prominently involved in adapting behavior to new environmental demands. We analyze non-verbal fluency abilities, as indirectly providing a measure of cognitive flexibility to react to spatial changes. Sixteen students (mean age 20.75; SD 1.34), evaluated before the start of the lockdown (T1) in a battery…
Cognitive Load and Learning in the Study of Multiple Documents
2018
This study had two main purposes. First, to test how the availability of documents in multiple document reading might affect students’ levels of cognitive load. Secondly, to develop an instrument that captures the different sources of load when working with multiple documents. A total of 125 secondary school students read four short texts on transgenic foods and subsequently responded to an open-ended question that required them to write an essay expressing their personal stance towards the topic. Participants in the experimental treatment condition (n = 54) were allowed to go back to the texts any time during the essay task, whereas their peers in the control condition (n = 71) were not al…
L'attention auditive : mais qu'entend-on par là ?
2006
International audience
Long-Term Efficacy of Psychosocial Treatments for Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Meta-Analytic Review
2018
Background: Recent evidence suggests that psychosocial treatments, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), are effective interventions for adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The objective of this review was to determine the long-term efficacy of psychosocial interventions in improving clinically relevant variables, including ADHD core symptoms, clinical global impression (CGI), and global functioning. Methods: In total, nine randomized controlled trials and three uncontrolled single-group pretest-posttest studies were included. The data from these studies were combined using the inverse variance method. Heterogeneity and risk of bias were assessed. Subgroup anal…
Centre d'Educació Especial Auxilia. Un model d'atenció acadèmica domiciliària
2011
This article describes a pioneering experience in education - Auxilia Centre for Special Education. This centre provides continuity for the education of children affected by physical disabilities, chronic illness or psychiatric illness and who, because of their illness, are forced to stay at home for certain periods without being able to assume standardized travel to the school at which they are enrolled. The Centre gives them personal and individualized academic service at home to enable their development.
Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Intake in Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder
2019
Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) play a central role in neuronal growth and in the development of the human brain, and a deficiency of these substances has been reported in children with attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). In this regard, supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is used as adjuvant therapy in ADHD. Seafood, particularly fish, and some types of nuts are the main dietary sources of such fatty acids in the Spanish diet. In order to assess the effect of the intake of common foods containing high amounts of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, a food frequency questionnaire was administered to parents of children with ADHD (N = …