Search results for "Autoimmune diseases"
showing 10 items of 210 documents
Cytoplasmic autoantigens in autoimmune hepatitis: molecular analysis and clinical relevance.
1991
RNA mediated toll-like receptor stimulation in health and disease
2012
Besides their well known functions in storage and translation of information nucleic acids have emerged as a target of pattern recognition receptors that drive activation of innate immunity. Due to the paucity of building block monomers used in nucleic acids, discrimination of host and microbial nucleic acids as a means of self/foreign discrimination is a complicated task. Pattern recognition receptors rely on discrimination by sequence, structural features and spatial compartmentalization to differentiate microbial derived nucleic acids from host ones. Microbial nucleic acid detection is important for the sensing of infectious danger and initiating an immune response to microbial attack. F…
Oral microcirculation observed in vivo by videocapillaroscopy: a review
2009
Capillaroscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that is fundamental in viewing peripheral circulation and in studying microangiopathies. The morphological study of microcirculat ion is of fundamental importance, mainly because the microvascular bed is directly involved in the etiopathogenesis of autoimmune disorders and acute and chronic inflammatory pathological conditions. The value of capillaroscopic investigation as a diagnostic means in cases of peripheral microcirculation disorders has been confirmed by numerous studies. Other studies used capillaroscopic investigations to evaluate microcirculation damage not as a complication of disease (diabetes), but as its initial stage, and…
Experimental Models of Autoimmune Hepatitis
1991
Homing and memory patterns of human gammadelta T cells in physiopathological situations.
2004
Vgamma9Vdelta2 are a heterogeneous population of T cells and comprise distinct naive, memory and effector populations that can be distinguished on the basis of surface marker expression and effector functions. We review here these recently studied features of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T lymphocyte biology and the roles they play in infectious and autoimmune diseases.
Genetic basis of human complement C4A deficiency. Detection of a point mutation leading to nonexpression.
1993
Abstract The fourth component of the human complement system (C4) is coded for by two genes, C4A and C4B, located within the MHC. Null alleles of C4 (C4Q0) are defined by the absence of C4 protein in plasma. These null alleles are due either to large gene deletions or to nonexpression of the respective genes. In a previous study, evidence was obtained for nonexpressed defective genes at the C4A locus, and for gene conversion at the C4B locus. To further characterize the molecular basis of these non-expressed C4A genes, we selected nine pairs of PCR primers from flanking genomic intron sequences to amplify all 41 exons from individuals with a defective C4A gene. The amplified products were s…
Endoscopic ultrasonography findings in autoimmune pancreatitis
2011
Endoscopic ultrasonography is an established diagnostic tool for pancreatic masses and chronic pancreatitis. In recent years there has been a growing interest in the worldwide medical community in autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), a form of chronic pancreatitis caused by an autoimmune process. This paper reviews the current available literature about the endoscopic ultrasonographic findings of AIP and the role of this imaging technique in the management of this protean disease.
Antibodies to proteinase 3 increase adhesion of neutrophils to human endothelial cells
1993
SUMMARY The detection of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), especially those with specificity for proteinase 3, is important in the diagnosis and in monitoring disease activity of Wegener's granulomatosis and related vasculitides. An ubiquitous feature of all ANCA-associated acute vascular injury is lytic necrosis. Adhesion of neutrophils to endothelium is a fundamental early step of the inflammatory response. Recently we were able to show that ANCA recognize their target antigen (proteinase 3) translocated into the membrane of human endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ANCA on the adhesion of neutrophils to human endothelial cells. Incubatio…
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MACHINE LEARNING METHODS FOR THE IIF IMAGES ANALYSIS
2021
Performance of Fine-Tuning Convolutional Neural Networks for HEp-2 Image Classification
2020
The search for anti-nucleus antibodies (ANA) represents a fundamental step in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. The test considered the gold standard for ANA research is indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). The best substrate for ANA detection is provided by Human Epithelial type 2 (HEp-2) cells. The first phase of HEp-2 type image analysis involves the classification of fluorescence intensity in the positive/negative classes. However, the analysis of IIF images is difficult to perform and particularly dependent on the experience of the immunologist. For this reason, the interest of the scientific community in finding relevant technological solutions to the problem has been high. Deep lea…