Search results for "Autonomy"

Scaffolding for motivation by parents, and child homework motivations and emotions: Effects of a training programme

2018

Background and aims Based on the principles of scaffolding for motivation and on the assumptions of self-determination theory, two studies aimed to assess the role played by perceived parental autonomy-supportive scaffolding on child homework autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, affect, and engagement. Samples and results The results of Study 1, which involved 122 parents and their children, showed that the higher the parental autonomous motivation, the more their children perceived them as autonomy-supportive while scaffolding for motivation, and hence developed autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, and engagement in homework. In Study 2, 37 parents were involved in a four-session trainin…

ESISTE IL PATERNALISMO PENALE? UN CONTRIBUTO AL DIBATTITO SUI PRINCIPI DI CRIMINALIZZAZIONE

2014

Da tempo si discute se il paternalismo penale costituisca un principio di crimina- lizzazione compatibile con gli assunti di fondo del pensiero liberale. Nell’articolo si sostiene che, in realtà, esso non costituisce un autonomo principio di criminaliz- zazione. Dopo aver distinto tra p. tutorio e p. dispotico, vi si mostra, innanzitutto, come il primo sia manifestazione del principio del danno. Anche il secondo, si sostiene, costituisce un finto avversario per il liberalismo: le incriminazioni che ne costituirebbero espressione o hanno un fondamento moralistico (e andrebbero perciò ‘combattute’ come forme di moralismo giuridico) oppure sviluppano, anche esse, la stessa logica del principio…

Patient autonomy and criminal law: an Italian perspective

2022

This book shows how the legal systems of individual European countries protect patient autonomy. In particular, it explains the role of criminal law, that is, what criminal law protection of patient autonomy looks like on a European scale in both legal and social dimensions. The chapter focuses on the current state of criminal protection of patient autonomy in the Italian legal system.

Moral Attitudes Toward Pharmacological Cognitive Enhancement (PCE): Differences and Similarities Among Germans With and Without PCE Experience

2018

Pharmacological cognitive enhancement (PCE), the use of illicit and/or prescription drugs to increase cognitive performance, has spurred controversial discussion in bioethics. In a semi-structured interview study with 60 German university students and employees, differences and similarities in moral attitudes toward PCE among 30 experienced participants (EPs) vs. 30 inexperienced participants (IPs) were investigated. Substances EPs used most often are methylphenidate, amphetamines, tetrahydrocannabinol and modafinil. Both EPs and IPs addressed topics such as autonomous decision making or issues related to fairness such as equality in test evaluation and distortion of competition. While most…

2013

This metatheoretical paper investigates mind wandering from the perspective of philosophy of mind. It has two central claims. The first is that on a conceptual level, mind wandering can be fruitfully described as a specific form of mental autonomy loss. The second is that most of what we call “conscious thought” is better analysed as a subpersonal process that more often than not lacks crucial properties traditionally taken to be the hallmark of personal-level cognition, such as mental agency, explicit, consciously experienced goal-directedness, or availability for veto control. I claim that for roughly two thirds of our life-time we do not possess mental autonomy (M-autonomy) in this sense…

¿Tiene arraigo en el cerebro la libertad?

2017

El artículo se propone, en primer lugar, ofrecer un nuevo concepto de naturaleza humana, más allá de la metafísica tradicional y de la interpretación naturalista de las actuales neurociencias, superando así la unilateral apropiación cientificista del concepto de naturaleza humana y defendiendo una biohermenéutica, que cuenta con la pluralidad de perspectivas para comprender la realidad humana, como en el dualismo epistémico habermasiano. En segundo lugar, se indaga si en el cerebro tiene arraigo la libertad en el sentido de «libre albedrío» y de «autonomía», teniendo en cuenta la posición de acreditados neurólogos y el estudio de las disposiciones naturales en la concepción kantiana de la a…

The Role of Synthetic A Priori Propositions in the Development of Kant’s Account of Practical Autonomy: A Critique of Watkins’ Reading of Kant’s Prol…

2021

AbstractI draw attention to a 12-page Vorarbeit to Kant’s Prolegomena from the so-called Scheffner-Nachlaß and argue that the parallel Kant draws there between the possibility of theoretical and practical synthetic a priori propositions provides important insight into the development of his account of practical autonomy in the Groundwork. Based on a brief sketch of the role synthetic a priori propositions play in the development of Kant’s critical philosophy, I conclude that for Kant the objective validity of any science depends on the objective validity of a number of synthetic a priori propositions.

El derecho y la revolución copernicana de Marx (Notas para un derecho científico a partir de ·El orden de El capital", de Carlos Fernández Liria y Lu…

2012

Taking for granted that Marx’s economic theory enjoys a scientific status and, furthermore, that it installed a real Copernican revolution in sociology, the present paper explores the possibility of deriving a system of law deserving the name of “scientific” in so far as it would be in keeping with the theses of the latter scientific theory. In this context, the paper argues against a claim recently sustained by Fernandez Liria and Alegre Zahonero, for whom a system of right compatible with Marx’s theory would be compatible, too, with the classic juridical formulations conceived during the Enlightenment. The main reason why this paper testifies against such compatibility is that the enlight…

Baltic Journal of English Language, Literature and Culture, N. 3

2013

North Korea as a Small Great Power

2019

During the recent years the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) has rapidly advanced to the rank of a nuclear power, drawing simultaneously lots of attention on itself both by other states and the media. We argue that this means much more than only increase in its weaponry. Combined with its decades old steadfast strive for independence and opposition to the United States, this means a qualitative change in its position in the international system. The theoretical tool used for this analysis is not statistical size, but rather the style of behaviour. Small and great powers tend to have different styles of behaviour. Small powers usually orient towards acting as “good international …