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Gene Transcription Alterations Associated with Decrease of Ethanol Intake Induced by Naltrexone in the Brain of Wistar Rats
2006
Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that the administration of the opioid antagonist naltrexone decreases the intake of ethanol. However, the neuroplastic adaptations in the brain associated to reduction of ethanol consumption remains to be elucidated. The aim of the study was to identify gene transcription alterations underlying the attenuation of voluntary ethanol intake by administration of naltrexone in rats. Increasing doses of naltrexone (0.7 mg/kg, 4 days and 1.4 mg/kg/day, 4 days) to rats with acquired high preferring ethanol consumption (>3.5 g of ethanol/kg/day) decreased voluntary ethanol intake (50%). Voluntary ethanol consumption altered mu-opioid receptor function in the …
Inflammation-induced upregulation of NK1 receptor mRNA in dorsal horn neurones
1993
The expression of the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor (i.e. substance P receptor) gene in spinal cord was studied in rats subjected to unilateral inflammation by semi-quantitative in situ hybridization analysis. Low levels of NK1 receptor mRNA were detected in many neurones throughout the grey matter. Relatively strong labelling was observed in large motoneurones and a subpopulation of superficial dorsal horn neurones. Six days after Freund's adjuvant-induced unilateral hindpaw inflammation, NK1 receptor mRNA levels in lamina I/II of the dorsal horn ipsilateral to the inflamed paw increased almost two fold compared with the contralateral side. These data suggest an inflammation-induced increase…
A new model of thromboembolic stroke in the posterior circulation of the rat
2006
The prognosis of vertebrobasilar occlusion is grave and therapeutic options are limited. The aim of the present study was to develop a new model of embolic hindbrain ischemia in the rat that closely resembles the clinical situation and that can be used to study pathophysiology and treatment options. After thoracotomy in 20 male Wistar rats, 15 animals received an injection of in vitro prepared autologous blood clots into the left vertebral artery. Five animals without clot injection served as controls. Neurological deficits were assessed in all animals 2 h after embolism. After 2 h, five animals were sacrificed to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) by iodo-antipyridine autoradiography, and t…
Blunted furosemide action on cerebellar GABAA receptors in ANT rats selectively bred for high alcohol sensitivity.
1996
Furosemide specifically reverses the inhibition by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) of t-[35S]-butylbicyclophosphorothionate ([35S]TBPS) binding and increases the basal [35S]TBPS binding to the cerebellar granule cell layer GABAA receptors. For the selectivity of furosemide, an interplay between GABAA receptor alpha 6 and beta 2 or beta 3 subunits is needed. We have now investigated the furosemide sensitivity of cerebellar [35S]TBPS binding in the alcohol-sensitive (ANT) rat line that harbors a pharmacologically critical point mutation in the alpha 6 subunit [alpha 6 (Q1000)], increasing benzodiazepine affinity of the normally insensitive alpha 6-containing receptors. ANT receptors were less …
Significance of resting and stimulated cerebral blood flow for predicting the risk of hemodynamic cerebral ischemia in a model of chronic hemodynamic…
2000
OBJECTIVE: It has been postulated that patients with a compromised cerebrovascular reserve capacity (RC), defined as cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to acetazolamide (ACZ) (by percent), are at higher risk for ischemic stroke. The value of CBF and RC for predicting the risk of hemodynamically induced impairment of cerebral function is examined. METHODS: Both common carotid arteries were occluded in 22 Wistar-Kyoto rats. Thirty-one days later, mean arterial blood pressure was reduced to 40 mm Hg for 30 minutes. Laser Doppler scanning of CBF at resting conditions and after intraperitoneal administration of ACZ (0.1 mg/g body weight) was performed 30 minutes and 28 days after occlusion as we…
Presynaptic effects of scopolamine, oxotremorine, noradrenaline and morphine on [3H] acetylcholine release from the myenteric plexus at different sti…
1987
The inhibition by three modulators (oxotremorine, noradrenaline, morphine) of acetylcholine release from the myenteric plexus preincubated with [3H]choline was investigated at different stimulation frequencies and calcium concentrations. Moreover, [3H]acetylcholine release evoked by a low (0.1 Hz) or a high (10 Hz) stimulation rate was investigated at different calcium concentrations either in the absence or presence of scopolamine. A reduced calcium concentration (0.6 mmol/l) inhibited acetylcholine release more at 0.1 Hz (74% +/- 3%) than at 10 Hz (44% +/- 8%). Scopolamine enhanced the stimulated acetylcholine release at a calcium concentration of 1.8 mmol/l. At calcium concentrations hig…
Impact of lens material on objective refraction in eyes with trifocal diffractive intraocular lenses
2021
Purpose: Compare subjective (Rx) and objective (ObjRx) refractions outcomes with two autorefractors models and an aberrometer in eyes implanted with a hydrophobic trifocal IOL (FineVision POD F GF, Physiol, Liége, Belgium) and a hydrophilic one (FineVision POD F, Physiol, Liége, Belgium). Methods: Prospective comparative cohort study, with 100 subjects randomly assigned to either the POD F group (n = 50) or the POD F-GF group (n = 50). Postoperative eye examinations at 1-month visit included seven result sets, one for each assessment method: Rx, AR (automated refraction measured with the autorefractor KR8800), WF-P (Zernike-coefficients-based objective refraction, photopic pupil size), WF-M…
Ontogeny of bradykinin B2 receptors in the rat kidney: Implications for segmental nephron maturation
1997
Ontogeny of bradykinin B 2 receptors in the rat kidney: Implications for segmental nephron maturation. Kinins modulate renal function, yet their role in the developing kidney is largely unknown. To explore the developmental role of the kallikrein-kinin system, we examined the postnatal ontogeny and intrarenal localization of B 2 receptors in the rat. Northern blot analysis and RT-PCR documented the expression of B 2 receptor mRNA in the kidney and extrarenal tissues of fetal, neonatal and adult animals. The abundance of B 2 receptor mRNA is 10- to 30-fold higher in neonatal than adult tissues in the following order: kidney > heart > aorta > lung > brain. Receptor autoradiography revealed a …
Evidence for the existence of FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes in the midbrain raphe 5-HT system.
2015
The ascending midbrain 5-HT neurons known to contain 5-HT1A autoreceptors may be dysregulated in depression due to a reduced trophic support. With in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) and supported by co-location of the FGFR1 and 5-HT1A immunoreactivities in midbrain raphe 5-HT cells, evidence for the existence of FGFR1–5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes were obtained in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei of the Sprague–Dawley rat. Their existence in the rat medullary raphe RN33B cell cultures was also established. After combined FGF-2 and 8-OH-DPAT treatment, a marked and significant increase in PLA positive clusters was found in the RN33B cells. Similar results were reached upon coactivati…
Antiabsence effects of carbenoxolone in two genetic animal models of absence epilepsy (WAG/Rij rats and lh/lh mice).
2005
Carbenoxolone (CBX), the succinyl ester of glycyrrhetinic acid, is an inhibitor of gap junctional intercellular communication. We have tested its possible effects upon two genetic animal models of epilepsy (WAG/Rij rats and lethargic (lh/lh) mice). Systemic administration of CBX was unable to significantly affect the occurrence of absence seizures in WAG/Rij rats. In particular, intravenous (5-40 mg/kg) or intraperitoneal (i.p.; 10-80 mg/kg) administration of CBX was unable to significantly modify the number and duration of spike-wave discharges (SWDs) in WAG/Rij rats, whereas the bilateral microinjection (0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 microg/0.5 microl) of CBX into nucleus reticularis thalami (NRT)…