Search results for "Average"

showing 10 items of 238 documents

Biostratigraphy of Triassic Ammonoids

2015

The Triassic is a turning point in the evolutionary history of ammonoids, characterized by the flourishing Ceratitida and the appearance of the first heteromorphs. Following the end-Permian mass extinction, ammonoids were among the first groups to rediversify by producing many new taxa. Already in the late nineteenth century, the still currently recognized Triassic stages and substages were introduced. The historical development of Triassic ammonoid biostratigraphy is a good example of worldwide cooperation between many geographically-diverse research groups, which initially began in Germany and the European Alps. This cooperation was then extended to North America, Transcaucasia, North Ind…

Extinction event010506 paleontologyAverage durationSouth chinaResearch groupsbiologyBiostratigraphy010502 geochemistry & geophysicsbiology.organism_classification01 natural sciencesPaleontologyGeographyTranscaucasiaCeratitidaTurning point[SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/PaleontologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS[ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Multiscale analysis of information dynamics for linear multivariate processes.

2016

In the study of complex physical and physiological systems represented by multivariate time series, an issue of great interest is the description of the system dynamics over a range of different temporal scales. While information-theoretic approaches to the multiscale analysis of complex dynamics are being increasingly used, the theoretical properties of the applied measures are poorly understood. This study introduces for the first time a framework for the analytical computation of information dynamics for linear multivariate stochastic processes explored at different time scales. After showing that the multiscale processing of a vector autoregressive (VAR) process introduces a moving aver…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesInformation transferMultivariate statisticsMultivariate analysisComputer scienceComputer Science - Information Theory0206 medical engineeringStochastic ProcesseBiomedical EngineeringFOS: Physical sciencesInformation Storage and RetrievalHealth Informatics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesEntropy (classical thermodynamics)Moving average0103 physical sciencesEntropy (information theory)Computer SimulationStatistical physicsEntropy (energy dispersal)Time series010306 general physicsEntropy (arrow of time)Multivariate Analysi1707Stochastic ProcessesEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)Stochastic processInformation Theory (cs.IT)Probability and statisticsModels Theoretical020601 biomedical engineeringComplex dynamicsAutoregressive modelPhysics - Data Analysis Statistics and ProbabilitySignal ProcessingSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaMultivariate AnalysisData Analysis Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)Entropy (order and disorder)Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
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ALGORITHMS FOR JUMBLED PATTERN MATCHING IN STRINGS

2011

The Parikh vector p(s) of a string s is defined as the vector of multiplicities of the characters. Parikh vector q occurs in s if s has a substring t with p(t)=q. We present two novel algorithms for searching for a query q in a text s. One solves the decision problem over a binary text in constant time, using a linear size index of the text. The second algorithm, for a general finite alphabet, finds all occurrences of a given Parikh vector q and has sub-linear expected time complexity; we present two variants, which both use a linear size index of the text.

FOS: Computer and information sciencesJ.3average case analysis.Binary numberaverage case analysispermuted stringpermuted stringsComputer Science - Data Structures and AlgorithmsComputer Science (miscellaneous)Parikh vectorData Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)Pattern matchingTime complexityMathematicsString (computer science)Parikh vectorsstring algorithmDecision problemstring algorithmsSubstringParikh vectors; permuted strings; pattern matching; string algorithms; average case analysisF.2.2; J.3Index (publishing)pattern matchingF.2.2Constant (mathematics)AlgorithmComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata Theory
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Influence of Cross-Section Shape and FRP Reinforcement Layout on Shear Capacity of Strengthened RC Beams

2022

The evaluation of the shear capacity of an FRP-strengthened reinforced-concrete beam is challenging due to the complex interaction between different contributions provided by the concrete, steel stirrup and FRP reinforcement. The shape of the beam and the FRP inclination can have paramount importance that is not often recognized by the models that are suggested by codes. The interaction among different resisting mechanisms has a significant effect on the shear capacity of beams, since it can cause a reduction in the efficiency of some resisting mechanisms. A comparative study of the performance in the shear resistance assessment provided by three models with six different effectiveness fact…

FRP; shear strengthening; average shear strength; effectiveness factor; inclinationSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniFRP shear strengthening average shear strength effectiveness factor inclinationGeneral Materials ScienceMaterials; Volume 15; Issue 13; Pages: 4545
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CURRENT ASSETS STRUCTURE AND EXPLORATION OF BUSINESS IN LATVIA

2012

In order to ensure the financial sustainability of companies under current economic conditions successful management of current assets is crucial. In practice it is quite often observed that the decisions of current assets management in companies are made in the short-term aspects not making analysis. The aim of the article is to explore and analyse the structure of current assets and their indicators in business in Latvia. In order to reach the aim the author solves the following tasks in the research: to explore and analyse the structure of current assets, its changes and trends in the companies of Latvia; to perform calculations and analysis of the indicators characterizing the effective…

FinanceActuarial scienceReturn on assetsCurrent ratiobusiness.industryWorking capitalEconomicsAssets under managementFixed assetBalance sheetWeighted average return on assetsbusinessCurrent assetEuropean Integration Studies
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Leveraging tangible and intangible assets by using a possible firm competitiveness index

2012

More and more, in order to achieve global competitiveness, firms need to develop and apply unique and dynamic competitiveness models. With this paper, we propose an index that measures firm competitiveness by taking into consideration some tangible and intangible assets. This index demonstrates the fact that a firm is highly competitive as long as its managers are able to mix the tangible and intangible assets in the most effective and efficient manner; therefore, a firm can get the same score of competitiveness by using different combinations of assets and by giving different importance coefficients to the tangible and intangible assets.

FinanceEconomics and EconometricsIndex (economics)Return on assetsbusiness.industryOrder (business)Assets under managementWeighted average return on assetsBusiness and International ManagementbusinessBook valueIndustrial organizationGlobal Business and Economics Review
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Fluid–structure interaction of downwind sails: a new computational method

2018

The spreading of high computational resources at very low costs led, over the years, to develop new numerical approaches to simulate the fluid surrounding a sail and to investigate the fluid–structure interaction. Most methods have concentrated on upwind sails, due to the difficulty of implementing downwind sailing configurations that present, usually, the problem of massive flow separation and large displacements of the sail under wind load. For these reasons, the problem of simulating the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) on downwind sails is still subject of intensive investigation. In this paper, a new weak coupled procedure between a RANS solver and a FEM one has been implemented t…

Finite element methodComputer science020101 civil engineeringOcean Engineering02 engineering and technologyComputational fluid dynamicsMainsailInteractive sail designOceanographyWind speed0201 civil engineeringComputational fluid dynamicFluid–structure interactionMechanics of MaterialSettore ING-IND/15 - Disegno E Metodi Dell'Ingegneria Industrialebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringSolverFinite element methodWind engineeringMechanics of MaterialsGennakerFluid–structure interaction Finite element method Computational fluid dynamics Gennaker Mainsail Interactive sail designConvergence problembusinessReynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equationsFluid–structure interactionMarine engineering
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Assessing Spillover Effects of Spatial Policies with Semiparametric Zero-Inflated Models and Random Forests

2021

The aim of this work is to estimate the variation over time of the spatial spillover effects of a public policy that was devoted to boost rural development in France over the period 1993–2002. At a micro data level, it is often observed that the dependent variable, such as local employment in a municipality, does not vary along time, so that we face a kind of zero inflated phenomenon that cannot be dealt with a classical continuous response model or propensity score approaches. We consider two recent non parametric techniques that are able to deal with that estimation issue. The first approach consists in fitting two generalized additive models to estimate both the probability of no variati…

Flexibility (engineering)VariablesComputer scienceAverage treatment effectmedia_common.quotation_subjectGeneralized additive modelSH1_2Nonparametric statistics[MATH] Mathematics [math]SH1_6Outcome (probability)Random forestEconomicaSpillover effectEconometricsmedia_common
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Optimization of Long-Run Average-Flow Cost in Networks With Time-Varying Unknown Demand

2010

We consider continuous-time robust network flows with capacity constraints and unknown but bounded time-varying demand. The problem of interest is to design a control strategy off-line with no knowledge of the demand realization. Such a control strategy regulates the flow on-line as a function of the realized demand. We address both the case of systems without and with buffers. The main novelty in this work is that we consider a convex cost which is a function of the long-run average-flow and average-demand. We distinguish a worst-case scenario where the demand is the worst-one from a deterministic scenario where the demand has a neutral behavior. The resulting strategies are called min-max…

Flow control (data)Mathematical optimizationComputer scienceTime varying systemsFunction (mathematics)Optimal controlFlow networkMin-max optimalityAverage flow cost; Flow control; Gradient-based control; Min-max optimality; Uncertain demand; Time varying systems; Time varying networksComputer Science ApplicationsAverage flow costFlow controlControl and Systems EngineeringRobustness (computer science)Control theoryBounded functionProduction controlElectrical and Electronic EngineeringTime varying networksAverage flow cost flow control gradient-based control min-max optimality uncertain demandGradient-based controlAverage costUncertain demand
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Unsteadiness and transition to turbulence in woven spacer filled channels for Membrane Distillation

2017

To characterize the performance of Membrane Distillation (MD) modules, channels filled with woven spacers were investigated by Computational Fluid Dynamics (including Direct Numerical Simulations and the use of the SST k-ω turbulence model) and by parallel experiments with Thermochromic Liquid Crystals. The cases considered here regard mutually orthogonal filaments with a spacer pitch to channel height ratio P/H=2, two spacer orientations θ with respect to the main flow (0° and 45°), and bulk Reynolds numbers Re from ∼200 to ∼2000, an interval of great interest in practical MD applications. For both values of θ, CFD predicted steady-state flow for Re up to ∼300, and chaotic flow …

HistoryFlow (psychology)Thermodynamics02 engineering and technologyComputational fluid dynamicsEducationPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesake020401 chemical engineeringLiquid crystal0204 chemical engineeringbusiness.industryTurbulenceChemistryOscillationSpacer-filled channels CFD membrane distillation turbulence RANS DNSReynolds numberMechanics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Science ApplicationsHeat transfersymbols0210 nano-technologyReynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equationsbusiness
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