Search results for "Axis"

showing 10 items of 751 documents

Molecular Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis in Immunocompromised Patients: a 3-Year Multicenter Retrospective Study

2015

ABSTRACT Toxoplasmosis is a life-threatening infection in immunocompromised patients (ICPs). The definitive diagnosis relies on parasite DNA detection, but little is known about the incidence and burden of disease in HIV-negative patients. A 3-year retrospective study was conducted in 15 reference laboratories from the network of the French National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis, in order to record the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii DNA detection in ICPs and to review the molecular methods used for diagnosis and the prevention measures implemented in transplant patients. During the study period, of 31,640 PCRs performed on samples from ICPs, 610 were positive (323 patients). Blood ( n …

Microbiology (medical)Microbiological Techniquesmedicine.medical_specialtyMESH: Molecular Diagnostic TechniquesAsymptomaticPolymerase Chain Reactionlaw.inventionImmunocompromised Host[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseaseslawInternal medicinemedicineMESH: Immunocompromised HostPrevalenceHumansComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPolymerase chain reactionImmunodeficiencySurvival analysisMESH: PrevalenceRetrospective Studies[SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/HealthMESH: Humansbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)MESH: ToxoplasmaMESH: Microbiological TechniquesRetrospective cohort studyMESH: Polymerase Chain ReactionMESH: Retrospective Studiesmedicine.diseaseSurvival AnalysisToxoplasmosis3. Good healthSurgeryMESH: France[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyMolecular Diagnostic TechniquesMESH: Survival AnalysisChemoprophylaxisMESH: ToxoplasmosisParasitologyFrancemedicine.symptombusinessToxoplasmaToxoplasmosis
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Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Plastic Surgery: A RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method Consensus Study

2022

For many years, it was clearly shown that surgical procedures might be associated with surgical site infection (SSI). Many scientific institutions prepared guidelines to use in surgery to reduce abuse and misuse of antibiotics. However, in the general guidelines for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis, plastic surgical procedures are not addressed or are only marginally discussed, and children were almost systematically excluded. The main aim of this Consensus document is to provide clinicians with recommendations on antimicrobial prophylaxis for pediatric patients undergoing plastic surgery. The following scenarios were considered: clean plastic surgery in elective procedures with an exclusive…

Microbiology (medical)Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale e SpecialisticawoundBiochemistryMicrobiologyantibiotics; burn; pediatric infectious diseases; plastic surgery; surgical antibiotic prophylaxis; woundantibioticspediatric infectious diseaseInfectious Diseasessurgical antibiotic prophylaxisantibioticplastic surgeryburnPharmacology (medical)surgical antibiotic prophylaxiGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsKeywords: antibioticpediatric infectious diseaseswound.
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Anti-16-kilodalton mycobacterial protein immunoglobulin M levels in healthy but purified protein derivative-reactive children decrease after chemopro…

2007

ABSTRACT Serum responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis HSP16 were determined for children with tuberculosis (TB) and for healthy purified protein derivative (PPD)-positive and PPD-negative children. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM responses were higher for TB patients than for other groups. After chemotherapy, IgM and IgG responses decreased for TB patients and PPD-positive subjects. Monitoring of anti- M. tuberculosis HSP16 responses could assist in the management of pediatric TB.

Microbiology (medical)TuberculosisAdolescentChaperoninsmedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryImmunologyAntitubercular AgentsTuberculinEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayTuberculinChemopreventionImmunoglobulin GMicrobiologyKilodaltonMycobacterium tuberculosisBacterial ProteinsmedicineHumansTuberculosisImmunology and AllergyChildChemotherapyMycobacterium tuberculosis IgMpurified protein derivative chemoprophylaxisbiologybusiness.industryClinical and Diagnostic Laboratory ImmunologyMycobacterium tuberculosisbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseImmunoglobulin MImmunoglobulin MChild PreschoolImmunoglobulin GImmunologyChemoprophylaxisbiology.proteinbusiness
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Self-imaging properties of a periodic microlens array: versatile array illuminator realization

1994

Abstract The general features of the wavefield diffracted by a microlens array are described. The transversal periodicity of both a refractive and a diffractive periodic microlens array allows to obtain a set of replicas of the focal intensity distribution along the optical axis of the system, with different multiplicity. The result is applied for implementing a versatile optical array illuminator, with a variable density of bright spots at the output plane. Some experimental results of the procedure are shown.

MicrolensDiffractionPhysicsVariable densitybusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOptical axisOpticsOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessOptics Communications
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An Evanescent Field Optical Microscope

1989

We present a new form of optical microscope. An evanescent field is produced in the lower index medium of an ATR system and modulated by a sample deposited on the hypotenuse of the prism. A sharpened fiber optic probes this field and gives information about the topography of the surface.

MicroscopeMaterials scienceOptical fiberField (physics)business.industryRefractionlaw.inventionOptical axisOpticsOptical microscopelawPrismScanning tunneling microscopebusinessSPIE Proceedings
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Effects of various hygiene procedures on the surface characteristics of titanium abutments.

1996

The use of cleaning instruments on titanium implants may cause undesired surface alterations. In a qualitative and quantitative assessment of these alterations, 5 titanium implant abutments were treated with a steel curet, a prototype pure titanium curet, an air abrasive polishing system, and an ultrasonic system. Custom-made polymer templates, used to secure the curet to a vertical guide bar and a spring scale to maintain a constant instrument pressure, guaranteed a standardized procedure and reproducible results. The ultrasonic and the air abrasive polishing method were also standardized. Evaluation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed surface alterations for all instruments and…

MicroscopeTitanium implantMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeSurface PropertiesUltrasonic TherapyDentistrychemistry.chemical_elementPolishingDental Abutmentslaw.inventionCurettagelawQuantitative assessmentPressureDental ImplantsTitaniumMicroscopy Confocalbusiness.industryAbrasiveDental ProphylaxisReproducibility of ResultsDental PolishingchemistrySteelMicroscopy Electron ScanningPeriodonticsUltrasonic sensorbusinessPlasticsBiomedical engineeringTitaniumJournal of periodontology
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Harmful effect of immunotherapy in children with combined snail and mite allergy

2002

Abstract Background: With respect to allergy, the possibility of cross-reactivity between snail and mite is well recognized, and anecdotal reports suggesting that allergen immunotherapy with mite extract can worsen snail-induced allergy exist. Objective: We describe the effect of immunotherapy in 4 children with snail-mite allergy. Methods: Four children (1 boy and 3 girls; 9-13 years of age) had consistent clinical histories (mild immediate respiratory symptoms after ingestion) and positive skin reactions for allergy to snail. They also had mite-induced asthma and were therefore prescribed subcutaneous specific immunotherapy and subsequently followed. Results: Several months (8-25) after s…

MiteMaleAllergen immunotherapyAllergyAdolescentSnails; Animals; Food Hypersensitivity; Immunotherapy; Humans; Mites; Child; Adolescent; Male; Female; Cross ReactionsSnailsImmunologyCross Reactionsmedicine.disease_causeAllergenFood allergyparasitic diseasesmedicineAnimalsHumansImmunology and AllergyIngestionFood allergy; House dust mite; Immunotherapy; SnailChildAsthmaHouse dust miteMitesintegumentary systembiologyAnimalbusiness.industrymedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationSnailImmunologyFemaleImmunotherapybusinessFood HypersensitivityAnaphylaxisHuman
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Ultramorphology and dentine permeability changes induced by prophylactic procedures on exposed dentinal tubules in middle dentine

2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in dentinal permeability (i.e. hydraulic conductance) after prophylactic treatments performed using prophy-powders with air-polishing system or prophy-pastes on exposed middle dentine. The changes in dentine morphology were evaluated by SEM. Study design: Commercial prophylactic pastes and air-polishing powders were tested in this study. Dentine discs from human third molars were used to study the quantitative reduction of the dentine permeability under simulated pulpal pressure (20 cm H 2O). Further specimens were gold-coated and analysed using observed a SEM. Results: The results of this study showed different dentine perme…

MolarSmear layerDentistryIn Vitro Techniqueslaw.inventionstomatognathic systemlawDentine permeabilityDentinmedicineDentifriceHumansGeneral Dentistrybusiness.industryChemistryDental Prophylaxis:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Dentin Permeabilitystomatognathic diseasesDentinal Tubulemedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyPermeability (electromagnetism)Bioactive glassDentinUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASMicroscopy Electron ScanningSurgerybusiness
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Effect of antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing infectious complications following impacted mandibular third molar surgery. A randomized controlled t…

2021

Background The objective of this study was to determine the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing postoperative infections after extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Material and Methods A Parallel-group, randomized, blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed. 154 patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups; experimental (n=77) receiving 2g amoxicillin 1 hour prior to surgery and control (n=77) receiving placebo. Primary outcome was postoperative infections and secondary outcome was the need for rescue analgesia. Results 4.5% of patients developed postoperative infections, five patients of the control group (4 alveolar osteitis, 1 surgical site infection) and two of …

Molarmedicine.medical_specialtyDry Socketsize of periapical radiolucencyPlacebolaw.inventionMandibular third molarDouble-Blind MethodRandomized controlled trialperiapical radiographylawHumansMedicinecbctAntibiotic prophylaxisGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASvolumePain Postoperativebusiness.industryResearchTooth ImpactedareaAntibiotic ProphylaxisAmoxicillinsensitivitymedicine.diseaseSurgeryOtorhinolaryngologypanoramic radiographyTooth Extractiontreatment outcomeMolar ThirdSurgeryOral SurgeryOsteitisbusinessSurgical site infectionmedicine.drugMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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The historical potential of flux in this unique moment. Conceptually highlighting an opportunity for praxis-driven change

2020

The historical potential of flux in this unique moment : Conceptually highlighting an opportunity for praxis-driven change

Moment (mathematics)Praxismedia_common.quotation_subjectkorkea-asteen koulutusSociologyyhteiskunnallinen muutosFlux (metabolism)pandemiatEpistemologymedia_commonJournal of Praxis in Higher Education
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