Search results for "Axis"

showing 10 items of 751 documents

Focal squeeze in axicons

2005

The on-axis irradiance distribution of a truncated conical wavefront is evaluated in terms of the Fresnel number of the focusing geometry. In agreement with geometrical optics, a focal line of increasing intensity is generated for extremely high Fresnel numbers. Otherwise clear deviations may be observed for the position of the maximum irradiance along the optical axis. A remarkable focal squeeze appears and, for decreasing Fresnel numbers, this effect manifests stronger. An analytical formula is provided for the fast evaluation of the focal squeeze.

PhysicsDiffractionWavefrontGeometrical opticsbusiness.industryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPhysics::OpticsFresnel lensConical surfaceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOptical axisOpticslawPosition (vector)Fresnel numberElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessOptics Communications
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Bifractal focusing and imaging properties of Thue-Morse Zone Plates.

2015

We present a new family of Zone Plates (ZPs) designed using the Thue-Morse sequence. The focusing and imaging properties of these aperiodic diffractive lenses coined Thue-Morse Zone Plates (TMZPs) are examined. It is demonstrated that TMZPs produce a pair of self-similar and equally intense foci along the optical axis. As a consequence of this property, under broadband illumination, a TMZP produces two foci with an extended depth of focus and a strong reduction of the chromatic aberration compared with conventional periodic ZPs. This distinctive optical characteristic is experimentally confirmed.

PhysicsExtended depth of focusgenetic structuresbusiness.industryORDERDiffraction efficiencyElectromagnetic radiationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptical axisDiffractive lensOpticsAperiodic graphFISICA APLICADAChromatic aberrationbusinessMATEMATICA APLICADAOptics express
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Poiseuille flow of a Quincke suspension

2014

The controversy of models of dielectric particle suspensions with antisymmetric stress, which predict a nonphysical cusp of the velocity profile in plane Poiseuille flow under the action of the electrical field, is resolved. In the mean-field approximation, the nonlinear kinetic equation is derived for coupled due to the flow translational and rotational motion of the particles. By its numerical solution, it is shown that the velocity profile is smeared due to the translational diffusion of the particles with opposite directions of rotation. The obtained results for the velocity profiles and flow rates as a function of the electric field strength are in qualitative agreement with the existi…

PhysicsField (physics)ViscosityRotation around a fixed axisMechanicsRotationHagen–Poiseuille equationKineticsMotionNonlinear DynamicsSuspensionsFlow (mathematics)Electric ImpedanceParticleDiffusion (business)AlgorithmsComplex fluidPhysical Review E
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On-axis diffractional behavior of two-dimensional pupils

2010

We show that, at any Fresnel number, a suitable one-dimensional Fourier transform relates the complex-amplitude distribution along the optical axis with the zero-order circular harmonic of the amplitude transmittance of a two-dimensional diffracting screen. First, our general result is applied to recognize that any rationally nonsymmetric screen generates an axial-irradiance distribution that exhibits focal shift. In this way we identify a wide set of two-dimensional screens that produce the same focal shift as that produced by the clear circular aperture. Second, we identify several apodizers for shaping the axial-amplitude distribution. We discuss some examples for achieving high-precisio…

PhysicsFresnel zoneAperturebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFresnel integralIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringOptical axissymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformApodizationsymbolsFresnel numberBusiness and International ManagementFocus (optics)businessApplied Optics
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Polyadic devil's lenses.

2009

Devil’s lenses (DLs) were recently proposed as a new kind of kinoform lens in which the phase structure is characterized by the “devil’s staircase” function. DLs are considered fractal lenses because they are constructed following the geometry of the triadic Cantor set and because they provide self-similar foci along the optical axis. Here, DLs are generalized allowing the inclusion of polyadic Cantor distributions in their design. The lacunarity of the selected polyadic fractal distribution is an additional design parameter. The results are coined polyadic DLs. Construction requirements and interrelations among the different parameters of these new fractal lenses are also presented. It is …

PhysicsFresnel zonebusiness.industryKinoformFunction (mathematics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionLens (optics)Optical axisCantor setFractalOpticslawLacunarityComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionPhysics::Chemical PhysicsbusinessJournal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision
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Vector modes generation using efficient on-axis system

2020

Arbitrary polarized vector beam modes are efficiently generated. We use two flicker-free liquid-crystal on silicon (LCOS) spatial light modulators (SLM) in an on-axis common path architecture. Different superpositions of vector modes are obtained with high light efficiency.

PhysicsLiquid crystal on siliconAxis systemCommon pathOpticsSiliconchemistrybusiness.industryLight beamchemistry.chemical_elementbusinessBeam (structure)Circular polarizationOSA Advanced Photonics Congress (AP) 2020 (IPR, NP, NOMA, Networks, PVLED, PSC, SPPCom, SOF)
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Cricket combined mechanoreceptors and kicking response

1977

1. Only those filiform hairs on the cerci ofGryllus, which are coupled with campaniform sensilla, show a) a thickening of the hair shaft at the height of the upper ring lamella of their sockets and b) a thin cuticular membrane, which surrounds their sockets. While thefiliform hairs themselves are deflected either parallel to the long axis of the cerci or perpendicular to it, thesockets of the filiform hairs may be deflected preferentially in the proximal and distal direction. 2. Spike potentials can be recorded from the sensory cells of the filiform hairs as long as these are deflected in a weak air current, but not during permanent deflection in strong air streams when they touch the inner…

PhysicsLong axisintegumentary systembiologyPhysiologyCampaniform sensillaHair shaftAnatomybiology.organism_classificationbody regionsBehavioral NeuroscienceCercusCricketAnimal Science and Zoologysense organsThickeningEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsJournal of Comparative Physiology ? A
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Extinction law classification and lens redshift estimate by means of the principal component analysis

2007

Aims. We propose a method based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to classify and estimate the redshift of an extinction law in a distant gravitational lens galaxy. Such extinction laws are very poorly known and an efficient method to characterize them is badly needed. Methods. We first compute the principal axes of an exhaustive collection of redshifted theoretical extinction laws. Then, we project on these new axes the extinction law we wish to classify. The position of its projection among those redshifted extinction laws from the collection allows us to characterize it and to estimate its redshift. Results. Monte Carlo simulations show that the method is efficient and relatively…

PhysicsMonte Carlo methodAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsRedshiftGalaxyGravitational lensSpace and Planetary ScienceExtinction (optical mineralogy)LawPrincipal component analysisProjection (set theory)Principal axis theoremAstronomy & Astrophysics
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Shears mechanism in109Cd

2000

Lifetimes of high-spin states in two $\ensuremath{\Delta}I=1$ bands and one $\ensuremath{\Delta}I=2$ band in ${}^{109}\mathrm{Cd}$ have been measured using the Doppler shift attenuation method in an experiment performed using the ${}^{96}\mathrm{Zr}{(}^{18}\mathrm{O},5n)$ reaction with the GAMMASPHERE array. Experimental total angular momenta and reduced transition strengths for both $\ensuremath{\Delta}I=1$ bands were compared with tilted axis cranking (shears mechanism) predictions and the $\ensuremath{\Delta}I=2$ band with principal axis cranking predictions, based on configurations involving two proton ${g}_{9/2}$ holes and one or three valence quasineutrons from the ${h}_{11/2}$ and mi…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAngular momentumDipoleValence (chemistry)Atomic orbitalCondensed matter physicsSemiclassical physicsGammasphereNeutronAtomic physicsPrincipal axis theoremPhysical Review C
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Triaxial shape with rotation around the longest principal axis inGd142

2008

The cranking model is used to describe rotational bands. We investigate the approach of using diabatic configurations and minimizing the particle-number projected energy in a mesh of both lambda, Delta and deformation parameters. We use the method to interpret recent experimental data in Gd-142 and conclude that for the highest spin states observed (I approximate to 30), the nucleus is triaxial and builds spin by rotating around the classically unfavored longest axis.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsClassical mechanicsSpin statesNuclear TheoryDiabaticGeometryDeformation (meteorology)Spin (physics)LambdaRotationPrincipal axis theoremPhysical Review C
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