Search results for "Azepine"

showing 10 items of 266 documents

Effectiveness of Safety Warnings in Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs

2009

Studies conducted to obtain drug authorization are often of short duration and based on small sample sizes in selected populations. Policies on drug safety rely on the validity of the methods used to achieve rapid and effective communication of new information. No formal evaluation has ever been made of the Spanish communications system, although indirect data have raised questions about its effectiveness.To evaluate the impact of two safety warnings issued by the Spanish Drug Agency, and of a later prior authorization requirement involving the use of atypical antipsychotic drugs in the elderly.The study was based on a time-series analysis constructed with data corresponding to monthly invo…

Olanzapinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classAtypical antipsychoticToxicologyCommunications systemInterrupted Time Series AnalysisBenzodiazepinesmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)ZiprasidoneAmisulpridePractice Patterns Physicians'Medical prescriptionPsychiatryAgedPharmacologyRisperidoneDose-Response Relationship DrugInformation Disseminationbusiness.industryRisperidonemedicine.diseaseOlanzapineSpainDrug and Narcotic ControlDementiaMedical emergencybusinessAntipsychotic Agentsmedicine.drugDrug Safety
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Dual orexin receptor blocker suvorexant attenuates hypercapnic ventilatory augmentation in mice

2022

Suvorexant (Belsomra(R)), a dual orexin receptor antagonist widely used in the treatment of insomnia, inhibits the arousal system in the brain. However, the drug’s ventilatory effects have not been fully explored. This study aims to investigate the expression of orexin receptors in respiratory neurons and the effects of suvorexant on ventilation. Immunohistology of brainstem orexin receptor OX2R expression was performed in adult mice (n = 4) in (1) rostral ventral respiratory group (rVRG) neurons projecting to the phrenic nucleus (PhN) retrogradely labeled by Fluoro-Gold (FG) tracer, (2) neurons immunoreactive for paired like homeobox 2b (Phox2b) in the parafacial respiratory group/retrotra…

OrexinsGeneral NeuroscienceAzepinesCarbon DioxideReceptors Neurokinin-1TriazolesHypercapniaMiceOrexin ReceptorsAnimalsOrexin Receptor AntagonistsNeurology (clinical)SomatostatinMolecular BiologyTranscription FactorsDevelopmental BiologyBrain Research
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In Vitro Evaluation of the Squaramide-Conjugated Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor-Based Agents AAZTA5.SA.FAPi and DOTA.SA.FAPi

2021

Recently, the first squaramide-(SA) containing FAP inhibitor-derived radiotracers were introduced. DATA5m.SA.FAPi and DOTA.SA.FAPi with their non-radioactive complexes showed high affinity and selectivity for FAP. After a successful preclinical study with [68Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi, the first patient studies were realized for both compounds. Here, we present a new squaramide-containing compound targeting FAP, based on the AAZTA5 chelator 1,4-bis-(carboxylmethyl)-6-[bis-(carboxymethyl)-amino-6-pentanoic-acid]-perhydro-1,4-diazepine. For this molecule (AAZTA5.SA.FAPi), complexation with radionuclides such as gallium-68, scandium-44, and lutetium-177 was investigated, and the in vitro properties of…

PREPPharmaceutical ScienceAcetatesLutetiumLigands030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingAnalytical ChemistrySerinechemistry.chemical_compoundQD241-4410302 clinical medicineFibroblast activation protein alphaPositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographyDrug Discoverylutetium-177AAZTA; scandium-44; lutetium-177; FAP; SA; DPP; PREPQuinineChemistrySerine EndopeptidasesAzepinesscandium-44ChemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMolecular MedicineSelectivityDPPGallium RadioisotopesConjugated systemArticleHeterocyclic Compounds 1-Ring03 medical and health sciencesSAEndopeptidasesHumansDOTAChelationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBiologyAAZTARadioisotopesOrganic ChemistrySquaramideMembrane ProteinsFAPFibroblastsCombinatorial chemistryIn vitroRadiopharmaceuticalsScandiumMolecules
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Atypical Facial Pain

2003

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses “atypical facial pain,” which was introduced originally to distinguish trigeminal neuralgia from other facial pain syndromes. The term “atypical facial pain” is also used mostly as a residual category for otherwise unclassifiable pain syndromes in the facial region. The International Headache Society defines atypical facial pain as a persistent facial pain that does not have the characteristics of the cranial neuralgias and is not associated with physical signs or demonstrable organic causes. It is present daily and persists for most or all of the day. It is confined at onset to a limited area on one side of the face and may spread to the upper and l…

Pain syndromemedicine.medical_specialtyNatural coursebusiness.industrySensory lossCarbamazepinemedicine.diseaseDermatologySurgerystomatognathic diseasesTrigeminal neuralgiamedicineEtiologyFacial regionbusinessmedicine.drugAtypical facial pain
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Characteristics and treatment of Multiple Sclerosis-related trigeminal neuralgia: An Italian multi-centre study

2019

Abstract Background The prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients is higher than in the general population and its management can be particularly challenging. Our aim is to describe the characteristics, treatment and prognostic factors of MS-related TN in a retrospective multicentre study. Methods Neurologists members of the RIREMS group (Rising Researchers in MS) enrolled MS patients with a TN diagnosis and filled out a spreadsheet comprising their clinical data. Results Population consisted of 298 patients. First-choice preventive treatments were carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine. A surgical procedure was performed in 81 (30%) patients, most commonly gamma …

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_treatmentmultiple sclerosismicrovascular decompression surgerytime factors0302 clinical medicineRadiofrequency thermocoagulationTrigeminal neuralgiaMultiple SclerosiOutcome Assessment Health Careitalymiddle agedpain030212 general & internal medicineOxcarbazepinehumanseducation.field_of_studytrigeminal neuralgiaadultDisability; Multiple Sclerosis; Pain; Trigeminal neuralgiaradiosurgeryGeneral MedicineAnalgesics Non-Narcotichealth carefollow-up studiesSettore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIAagedretrospective studiesfemaleNeurologydisability; multiple sclerosis; pain; trigeminal neuralgia; adult; aged; analgesics non-narcotic; female; follow-up studies; humans; italy; male; microvascular decompression surgery; middle aged; multiple sclerosis; radiosurgery; retrospective studies; severity of illness index; sex factors; time factors; trigeminal neuralgia; neurosurgical procedures; outcome assessment health careanalgesicsTrigeminal neuralgiamedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyMultiple SclerosisPopulationPainMicrovascular decompression03 medical and health sciencesmalemedicineseverity of illness indexeducationoutcome assessmentDisabilitybusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisCarbamazepinemedicine.diseaseneurosurgical proceduresDiscontinuationsex factorsdisabilitynon-narcoticNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Pesticide residues in Lake Albufera, Valencia, Spain.

1987

Abstract Analysis of water samples from the lake in Albufera, Valencia, indicates that the pesticides molinate, benthiocarb, and fenitrothion do not reach levels that are lethal to fish.

Pesticide residuebiologyHerbicidesFishesPesticide ResiduesGeneral ChemistryAzepinesFenitrothionPesticidebiology.organism_classificationFenitrothionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEnvironmental protectionSpainThiocarbamatesEnvironmental chemistryFish <Actinopterygii>AnimalsWater PollutantsValenciaBenthiocarbWater Pollutants ChemicalJournal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists
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Interactions of benzodiazepines with human serum albumin. Circular dichroism studies.

1973

The circular dichroism spectra of 12 benzodiazepine derivatives studied in presence of human serum albumin are presented. Nearly all substances give biphasic extrinsic Cotton effects. At the CD maxima the molar ellipticities and the anisotropy factors are calculated. The influence of the chemical structure of the benzodiazepines on the induced Cotton effect is discussed. There is a linear correlation between the anisotropy factors and the logarithms of the partition coefficients of the substances. It is suggested that the phenyl ring of the benzodiazepine molecule is one of the essential groups for the binding of these substances to human serum albumin.

PharmacologyBenzodiazepineCircular dichroismChromatographyBinding SitesChemistrymedicine.drug_classChemical structureCircular DichroismGeneral MedicineBenzazepinesHuman serum albuminCircular dichroism spectraPartition coefficientStructure-Activity RelationshipOptical Rotatory DispersionmedicineMoleculeHumansSpectrophotometry UltravioletChlorineCotton effectSerum Albuminmedicine.drugProtein BindingNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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Effects of EPHX1 and CYP3A4 polymorphisms on carbamazepine metabolism in epileptic patients

2014

Antonietta Caruso, Chiara Bellia, Alessia Pivetti, Luisa Agnello, Federica Bazza, Concetta Scazzone, Giulia Bivona, Bruna Lo Sasso, Marcello CiaccioDepartment of Biopathology and Medical and Forensic Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two genetic polymorphisms in the coding regions (exon 3 and exon 4) of the EPHX1 gene, ie, 337T&amp;gt;C and 416A&amp;gt;G, respectively, on the metabolism of carbamazepine (CBZ) 10,11-epoxide (the active metabolite of CBZ) by evaluating the variation in serum CBZ 10,11-epoxide levels 4 hours after administration of the drug. Moreover, we reported the genotype frequencies of …

PharmacologyCYP3A4business.industryCarbamazepineEPHX1Pharmacologydrug metabolismGenotype frequency11-epoxidePharmacogenomics and Personalized MedicineIn vivoGenotypemedicineMolecular MedicineCBZ 10EPHX1 genebusinessActive metaboliteDrug metabolismCYP3A4*22medicine.drugOriginal ResearchPharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine
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Insight on pyrimido[5,4-g]indolizine and pyrimido[4,5-c]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine systems as promising photosensitizers on malignant cells

2022

Searching for new small molecules as photosensitizing agents, we have developed a class of twenty-five pyrimido[5,4-g]indolizine and pyrimido[4,5-c]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepines with a good substitution pattern defining a versatile synthetic pathway to approach the title ring system. All compounds were evaluated for their photocytotoxicity on a triple negative human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) in the dark and under UVA light (2.0 J/cm2). The most effective compounds exhibited a photoantiproliferative activity with IC50 values up to nanomolar ranges. Interestingly, these new developed compounds showed high selectivity towards cancerous cells with respect to non-cancerous ones. Moreover, fo…

PharmacologyMDA-MB-231Triple negative human breast cancerOrganic ChemistryPhototoxic activityIndolizinesAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisTriple Negative Breast Neoplasms4-g]indolizinespyrimido[4General MedicineAzepinespyrimido[54-g]indolizinespyrimido[45-c]pyrrolo[12-a]azepinesTriple negative human breast cancerMDA-MB-231Photosensitizing agentsPhototoxic activitypyrimido[5Photosensitizing agents5-c]pyrrolo[1pyrimido[45-c]pyrrolo[12-a]azepinesCell Line Tumor2-a]azepinesTriple negative human breast cancerMDA-MB-231Photosensitizing agentsPhototoxic activityDrug DiscoveryHumanspyrimido[54-g]indolizines
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Model-independent method of the analysis of distribution of 1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives possessing psychotropic activity after a single administra…

2010

PharmacologySingle administrationBenzodiazepineChemistrymedicine.drug_classStereochemistrymedicineDistribution (pharmacology)General MedicinePharmacological Reports
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