Search results for "Azoles"
showing 10 items of 899 documents
Rufinamide in refractory childhood epileptic encephalopathies other than Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
2011
Background:  To report on the first multicenter Italian experience with rufinamide as adjunctive drug in children, adolescents and young adults with refractory childhood-onset epileptic encephalopathies other than Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Methods:  Thirty-eight patients (19 males, 19 females), aged between 4 and 34 (mean 13.7 ± 8.3, median 12.5), all affected by different types of childhood-onset refractory epileptic encephalopathies other than Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, were treated with rufinamide as adjunctive drug for a mean period of 11.4 months (range 3-26 months). Results:  Fifteen of 38 patients (39.5%) had a ≥50% seizure reduction in co…
Impact of antifungal prophylaxis on colonization and azole susceptibility of Candida species.
2009
ABSTRACT Two large studies compared posaconazole and fluconazole or itraconazole for prophylaxis in subjects undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or subjects with acute myelogenous leukemia. To assess the impact of prophylaxis on colonization and the development of resistance in Saccharomyces yeasts, identification and susceptibility testing were performed with yeasts cultured at regular intervals from mouth, throat, and stool samples. Prior to therapy, 34 to 50% of the subjects were colonized with yeasts. For all three drugs, the number of positive Candida albicans cultures decreased during drug therapy. In contrast, the proportion of subjects with positive C. glab…
Genotyping and antifungal susceptibility of human subgingival Candida albicans isolates.
2002
Subgingival colonization by Candida albicans has been described in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, but subgingival isolates have scarcely been characterized, particularly with respect to genotype and antifungal susceptibility. A series of 29 subgingival strains of C. albicans isolated from nine HIV-infected individuals was typed by electrophoretic karyotyping and tested for susceptibility to fluconazole, itraconazole, the new investigational triazole posaconazole and amphotericin B. DNA typing showed genetic heterogeneity within subgingival isolates, as almost every individual harbored his/her own specific isolate. Genetic identity was usually demonstrated within or…
Posaconazole or Fluconazole for Prophylaxis in Severe Graft-versus-Host Disease
2007
Invasive fungal infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.In an international, randomized, double-blind trial, we compared oral posaconazole with oral fluconazole for prophylaxis against invasive fungal infections in patients with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) who were receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The primary end point was the incidence of proven or probable invasive fungal infections from randomization to day 112 of the fixed treatment period of the study.Of a total of 600 patients, 301 were assigned to posaconazole and 299 to fluconazole. At the end of the fixed 112-day treatment period, posaconazole wa…
Encorafenib plus binimetinib versus vemurafenib or encorafenib in patients with BRAF -mutant melanoma (COLUMBUS): a multicentre, open-label, randomis…
2017
Summary Background Combined BRAF-MEK inhibitor therapy is the standard of care for BRAF V600 -mutant advanced melanoma. We investigated encorafenib, a BRAF inhibitor with unique target-binding properties, alone or in combination with the MEK inhibitor binimetinib, versus vemurafenib in patients with advanced BRAF V600 -mutant melanoma. Methods COLUMBUS was conducted as a two-part, randomised, open-label phase 3 study at 162 hospitals in 28 countries. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older and had histologically confirmed locally advanced (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] stage IIIB, IIIC, or IV), unresectable or metastatic cutaneous melanoma, or unknown primary melanoma; a B…
Erythema nodosum-like lesions during BRAF inhibitor therapy: Report on 16 new cases and review of the literature.
2015
Importance BRAF inhibitors have been licensed for the therapy of BRAF-mutated melanoma. Recently, inflammatory skin lesions clinically resembling erythema nodosum have been reported as therapy side-effects that may lead to treatment discontinuation. Objective To identify and characterize cases with BRAF inhibitor-associated erythema nodosum-like inflammatory skin lesions and development of an algorithm for their management. Design and Setting Retrospective chart review of melanoma patients treated with BRAF inhibitors in 14 departments of Dermatology in Germany and Austria and PubMed search for cases in the literature. Results Sixteen patients were identified who developed erythema nodosum-…
Preference for Rizatriptan 10-mg Wafer vs. Eletriptan 40-mg Tablet for Acute Treatment of Migraine
2006
Preference is a composite, patient-oriented endpoint incorporating efficacy, tolerability, formulation, and convenience of medications. The objective of this study was to compare patient preference for rizatriptan 10-mg wafer vs. eletriptan 40-mg tablet for acute treatment of migraine. In this multicentre, open-label, two-period, crossover study, out-patients were randomly assigned to treat the first of two moderate to severe migraines with rizatriptan or eletriptan and the second with the alternate therapy. Patients completed diary assessments at baseline and up to 24 h after taking study medication. At the last visit, patients completed a psychometrically validated preference questionnai…
Genotoxicity of selected pesticides in the mouse bone-marrow micronucleus test and in the sister-chromatid exchange test with human lymphocytes in vi…
1996
Selected pesticides (aldicarb, 1,3-dichloropropene, methidathion, parathion, triadimefon, vinclozolin) were tested for their clastogenic and aneugenic activities in the mouse bone-marrow micronucleus (MN) test in vivo and for their sister-chromatid exchange-inducing activities in human lymphocytes in vitro in the presence and absence of an exogenous metabolizing system from rat-liver S9. 1,3-Dichloropropene significantly increased the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) in bone-marrow cells of female mice from 3.3 MN/1000 PCE to 15.3 MN/1000 PCE (187 mg per kg body weight). 1,3-Dichloropropene (100 microM) induced 16.0 SCE/metaphase after 24 h of incubation as com…
Loss of the preconditioning effect of rosuvastatin during sustained therapy: a human in vivo study
2011
Studies have demonstrated that the acute administration of 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors has protective effects in the setting of ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Previously, we demonstrated that a single dose of rosuvastatin prevented IR-induced endothelial dysfunction in humans through a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent mechanism. Whether the chronic administration of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors provides similar protection remains controversial and is unknown in humans. Eighteen male volunteers were randomized to receive a single dose of rosuvastatin (20 mg) or placebo. Twenty-four hours later, endothelium-dependent, radial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) w…
Automated Determination of Ziprasidone by HPLC With Column Switching and Spectrophotometric Detection
2005
An isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with column switching and ultraviolet (UV) detection is described for quantitative analysis of the new antipsychotic drug ziprasidone. After centrifugation of serum or plasma samples and addition of fluperlapine as internal standard, the samples were injected into the HPLC system. On-line sample clean-up was conducted on a column (10 x 4.0 mm ID) filled with silica C8 material (20-microm particle size) using 8% (vol/vol) acetonitrile in deionized water as eluent. Ziprasidone was eluted and separated on ODS Hypersil C18 material (5 microm; column size 250 x 4.6 mm ID) using acetonitrile-water-tetramethylethylendiamine (50:49.6…