Search results for "Azone"

showing 10 items of 170 documents

Interaction of phenylbutazone with racemic phenprocoumon and its enantiomers in rats.

1979

The interaction of phenylbutazone with the enantiomers and racemic [ 3 H]phenprocoumon was studied in male inbred Wistar-Lewis rats following a single i.v. dose of the three forms of phenprocoumon and chronic oral treatment with phenylbutazone (average plasma concentration of about 60 Μg/ml). Phenylbutazone augmented the anticoagulant effect of R(+), S(−), and R, S (±) phenprocoumon to a similar extent. The free fraction of drug in the plasma of the enantiomers and racemic phenprocoumon increased in the presence of phenylbutazone. However, the rate of elimination of total drug from plasma and liver and the distribution between liver and plasma of all three forms of phenprocoumon remained ne…

MalePharmacologyPhenprocoumonElimination rate constantPhenylbutazonemedicineDistribution (pharmacology)AnimalsPharmacology (medical)Drug InteractionsGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsVolume of distributionChemistryAnticoagulantsStereoisomerism4-HydroxycoumarinsDrug interactionRatsKineticsLiverPhenylbutazoneFree fractionPhenprocoumonProthrombinEnantiomermedicine.drugJournal of pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics
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Synthesis and Pharmacological Activities of Novel 3-(Isoxazol-3-yl)-quinazolin-4(3H)-one Derivatives

1999

Several new 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives were synthesized and tested for their analgesic and antiinflammatory activities, as well as for their acute toxicity and ulcerogenic effect. A few compounds were as active as phenylbutazone in the writhing and acetic acid peritonitis tests. They had a very low ulcerogenic effect.

MaleStereochemistryAnalgesicAnti-Inflammatory AgentsPharmaceutical ScienceChemical synthesisRats Sprague-DawleyMiceStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundAcetic acidDrug DiscoveryPhenylbutazonemedicineAnimalsStomach UlcerNuclear Magnetic Resonance BiomolecularAnalgesicsBehavior AnimalBicyclic moleculeAcute toxicityRatschemistryToxicityQuinazolinesLactammedicine.drugArchiv der Pharmazie
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Modulation of P450 enzymes by Cuban natural products rich in polyphenolic compounds in rat hepatocytes.

2008

This paper reports cytotoxic effects and changes in the P450 system after exposing rat hepatocytes to four polyphenol-rich products widely used in Cuban traditional medicine (Mangifera indica L. (MSBE), Thalassia testudinum (Tt), Erythroxylum minutifolium and confusum extracts). Effects of mangiferin, the main polyphenol in MSBE, were also evaluated. Cytotoxicity was assayed by the MTT test after exposure of cells to the products (50-1000 microg/mL) for 24 or 72 h. The results showed that 500 microg/mL MSBE was moderately cytotoxic after 72 h, while mangiferin was not. Marked reductions in cell viability were produced by Erythroxylum extracts at concentrationsor = 200 microg/mL, whereas onl…

MaleXanthonesToxicologyRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemmedicineAnimalsMangiferaMangiferinCells CulturedBiological ProductsMangiferabiologyTraditional medicineMolecular StructureChemistryPlant ExtractsCYP1A2CubaGeneral MedicineCYP2E1biology.organism_classificationErythroxylumRatsPolyphenolPhenacetinChlorzoxazoneHepatocytesMedicine Traditionalmedicine.drugChemico-biological interactions
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Effects of Rosiglitazone on Fasting and Postprandial Low- and High-Density Lipoproteins Size and Subclasses in Type 2 Diabetes

2010

Rosiglitazone may increase cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Yet, its effects on atherogenic dyslipidemia are still not fully elucidated. In a prospective open-label study rosiglitazone (4 mg/day for 12 weeks) was added to a maximum of 2 oral antidiabetic drugs in 18 diabetic patients. We evaluated the effects on plasma lipids before and after an oral fat load. The size and subclasses of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were also determined (by gradient gel electrophoresis). Rosiglitazone improved glycosylated hemoglobin ([HbA1c] P = .0023), without significant effects on fasting and postprandial plasma lipids. Fasting LDL size increased …

Malehigh-density lipoproteinsmedicine.medical_specialtyType 2 diabetes030204 cardiovascular system & hematologysizeStatistics NonparametricRosiglitazone03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDiabetes mellitusInternal medicinemedicinelow-density lipoproteinsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineGlycated Hemoglobindiabetesbusiness.industryFastingMiddle AgedPostprandial Periodmedicine.diseaseLipids3. Good healthLipoproteins LDLPostprandialEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2FemaleThiazolidinedioneslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)HemoglobinsubclassesLipoproteins HDLCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineRosiglitazonebusinessPioglitazoneDyslipidemiamedicine.drugLipoprotein
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Phenylamides of 1-Phenyl (or Methyl)-5-benzamidopyrazole-4-carboxylic Acid as Vratizolin Analogs with Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activities

2001

A number of phenylamides of 5-benzamidopyrazole-4-carboxylic acid were prepared in 50-80 % yields from 1-phenyl (or methyl) 6-phenylpyrazolo[3,4-d]1,3-oxazin-4(1H)-ones and aniline derivatives. All the compounds were tested for their analgesic and antiinflammatory activities, as well as for their ulcerogenic potential and acute toxicity. Some derivatives, when compared to phenylbutazone, proved more active in the tests for analgesie and antiexudative activities, but less active in the carrageenin paw oedema test. The compounds proved to posses marginal or no ulcerogenic effect, as well as low systemic toxicity.

Malemedicine.drug_classCarboxylic acidAnalgesicDrug Evaluation PreclinicalPharmaceutical ScienceCarboxamideChemical synthesisRats Sprague-DawleyMiceStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundAnilineDrug DiscoveryPhenylbutazonemedicineAnimalsOrganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_classificationAnalgesicsDose-Response Relationship DrugAcute toxicityRatsThiazoleschemistryBenzamidesToxicityPyrazolesInflammation Mediatorsmedicine.drugArchiv der Pharmazie
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Effects of levosimendan on hemodynamics, local cerebral blood flow, neuronal injury, and neuroinflammation after asphyctic cardiac arrest in rats.

2014

Despite advances in cardiac arrest treatment, high mortality and morbidity rates after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation are still a major clinical relevant problem. The post cardiac arrest syndrome subsumes myocardial dysfunction, impaired microcirculation, systemic inflammatory response, and neurological impairment. The calcium-sensitizer levosimendan was able to improve myocardial function and initial resuscitation success after experimental cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We hypothesized that levosimendan exerts beneficial effects on cerebral blood flow, neuronal injury, neurological outcome, and inflammation 24 hours after experimental cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonar…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCardiotonic AgentsHemodynamicsGene ExpressionEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineHippocampusRats Sprague-DawleyInternal medicineMedicineAnimalsNeuroinflammationSimendanCerebral CortexNeuronsAnalysis of Variancebusiness.industryInterleukin-6Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionHemodynamicsHydrazonesLevosimendanCardiopulmonary ResuscitationHeart ArrestRatsSprague dawleyPyridazinesCerebral blood flowAnesthesiaCerebrovascular CirculationCardiologybusinessmedicine.drugCritical care medicine
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Pioglitazone Reduces Secondary Brain Damage after Experimental Brain Trauma by PPAR-γ-Independent Mechanisms

2011

Inflammatory and ischemic processes contribute to the development of secondary brain damage after mechanical brain injury. Recent data suggest that thiazolidinediones (TZDs), a class of drugs approved for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, effectively reduces inflammation and brain lesion by stimulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ). The present study investigates the influence of the TZD pioglitazone and rosiglitazone on inflammation and secondary brain damage after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). A controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury was induced in male C57BL/6 mice to investigate following endpoints: (1) mRNA expression…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTraumatic brain injuryPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorInflammationStimulationBrain damageMiceDiabetes mellitusInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHypoglycemic Agentschemistry.chemical_classificationPioglitazonebusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseMice Inbred C57BLPPAR gammaDisease Models AnimalNeuroprotective AgentsEndocrinologychemistryBrain InjuriesBrain Damage ChronicThiazolidinedionesNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessRosiglitazonePioglitazonemedicine.drugJournal of Neurotrauma
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Comparative effects of rosiglitazone and pioglitazone on fasting and postprandial low-density lipoprotein size and subclasses in patients with Type 2…

2008

To assess the effects of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone on fasting and postprandial low-density lipoprotein (LDL) size and subclasses in patients with Type 2 diabetes.Nine Type 2 diabetic patients (age 61 +/- 10 years, body mass index 30 +/- 5 kg/m(2), glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] 7.5 +/- 0.5%) were randomized in a crossover trial to rosiglitazone 4 mg b.i.d. or pioglitazone 45 mg/day for 12 weeks with an 8-week wash-out period. LDL size and subclasses were determined by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. A standardized breakfast was served and variables were assessed after 3 and 6 h.HbA1c, insulin sensitivity (as assessed by the homeostasis model assessment) and…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyType 2 diabetesRosiglitazonechemistry.chemical_compoundDiabetes mellitusInternal medicinemedicineHumansHypoglycemic AgentsPharmacology (medical)Prospective StudiesTriglyceridesPharmacologyGlycated HemoglobinCross-Over StudiesTriglyceridePioglitazoneCholesterolbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineCholesterol LDLFastingGlucose Tolerance TestMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePostprandial PeriodLipoproteins LDLPostprandialEndocrinologychemistryDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Low-density lipoproteindense LDL diabetes LDL size pioglitazone postprandial rosiglitazoneElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelFemaleThiazolidinedionesbusinessRosiglitazonePioglitazonemedicine.drug
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Glycemic Durability of Rosiglitazone, Metformin, or Glyburide Monotherapy

2006

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of thiazolidinediones, as compared with other oral glucose-lowering medications, in maintaining long-term glycemic control in type 2 diabetes is not known. METHODS: We evaluated rosiglitazone, metformin, and glyburide as initial treatment for recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes in a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial involving 4360 patients. The patients were treated for a median of 4.0 years. The primary outcome was the time to monotherapy failure, which was defined as a confirmed level of fasting plasma glucose of more than 180 mg per deciliter (10.0 mmol per liter), for rosiglitazone, as compared with metformin or glyburide. Prespecified secondary…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyUrologyKaplan-Meier EstimateType 2 diabetesPharmacologyWeight GainRosiglitazoneGlibenclamidechemistry.chemical_compoundDouble-Blind MethodDiabetes mellitusGlyburidemedicineHumansHypoglycemic AgentsProportional Hazards ModelsGlycemicGlycated HemoglobinGlycemic efficacyWaist-Hip Ratiobusiness.industryCholesterol LDLGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMetforminMetforminTreatment OutcomeDiabetes Mellitus Type 2chemistryCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleThiazolidinedionesGlycated hemoglobinbusinessRosiglitazonemedicine.drugNew England Journal of Medicine
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No Improvement of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Vasorelaxant Effect Despite Increase in HDL Cholesterol Concentration in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Tr…

2014

Abstract Context: High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) from type 2 diabetic patients are unable to counteract the inhibitory effect of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDLs) on vasorelaxation. We hypothesized that glitazones, which improve glycemic control and dyslipidemia, could correct this abnormality. Objectives and Design: We compared the ability of HDL from controls (n = 12) and from type 2 diabetic patients before and after 6 months of treatment with either rosiglitazone (n = 11) or pioglitazone (n = 8) to counteract the inhibitory effect of ox-LDL on vasodilatation of rabbit aorta rings. Results: Rosiglitazone induced a decrease in hemoglobin A1c (7.7% ± 1.1% vs 9.8% ± 1.0%, P = .0…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismClinical BiochemistryContext (language use)BiochemistryRosiglitazonechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyHigh-density lipoproteinInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineAnimalsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsThiazolidinedioneAortaAgedDyslipidemiasPioglitazoneCholesterolbusiness.industryCholesterol HDLBiochemistry (medical)Middle Agedmedicine.diseaseLipoproteins LDLVasodilationEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2chemistryFemaleThiazolidinedionesEndothelium VascularRabbitsLipoproteins HDLRosiglitazonebusinessPioglitazoneDyslipidemiamedicine.drugThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
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