Search results for "BARRIER"

showing 10 items of 678 documents

Analysis of Transition Metal Oxides based Heterojunction Solar Cells with S-shaped J-V curves

2020

The use of transition metal oxides for the selective carrier contact in the crystalline silicon solar cells technology is rising to interest for the excellent optoelectrical properties of these materials whose implementation, however, can result in lousy performing cells due to an S-shaped electrical characteristic. In this paper, we fabricated solar cells showing S-shaped J-V curve and carried out an analysis of the reasons of such behavior using a model involving the series of a standard cell equivalent circuit with a Schottky junction in order to explain these atypical performances. A good matching between the experimental measurements and the adopted theoretical model was obtained. The …

Standard cellMaterials scienceheterojunctionbusiness.industry020209 energySchottky barrier020208 electrical & electronic engineeringHeterojunction02 engineering and technologySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaPulsed laser depositions-shapeTransition metalSolar cells heterojunction transition metal oxides pulsed laser deposition s-shapesolar cells0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEquivalent circuitOptoelectronicsCrystalline silicontransition metal oxidesbusinesspulsed laser deposition
researchProduct

Stability measures in metastable states with Gaussian colored noise

2009

We present a study of the escape time from a metastable state of an overdamped Brownian particle, in the presence of colored noise generated by Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We analyze the role of the correlation time on the enhancement of the mean first passage time through a potential barrier and on the behavior of the mean growth rate coefficient as a function of the noise intensity. We observe the noise enhanced stability effect for all the initial unstable states used, and for all values of the correlation time $\tau_c$ investigated. We can distinguish two dynamical regimes characterized by weak and strong correlated noise respectively, depending on the value of $\tau_c$ with respect to …

Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)FOS: Physical sciencesFunction (mathematics)Stability (probability)Colors of noiseStochastic Mechanics Noise Nonlinear systemsMetastabilityRectangular potential barrierStatistical physicsGrowth rateFirst-hitting-time modelBrownian motionCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematics
researchProduct

Escape from a metastable state with fluctuating barrier

2003

Abstract We investigate the escape of a Brownian particle from fluctuating metastable states. We find the conditions for the noise enhanced stability (NES) effect for periodical driving force. We obtain general equations useful to calculate the average escape time for randomly switching potential profiles. For piece-wise linear potential profile we reveal the noise enhanced stability (NES) effect, when the height of “reverse” potential barrier of metastable state is comparatively small. We obtain analytically the condition for the NES phenomenon and the average escape time as a function of parameters, which characterize the potential and the driving dichotomous noise.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsClassical mechanicsMetastabilityParticleRectangular potential barrierMechanicsFunction (mathematics)Condensed Matter PhysicsLinear potentialStability (probability)Brownian motionNoise (radio)Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
researchProduct

Noise driven translocation of short polymers in crowded solutions

2008

In this work we study the noise induced effects on the dynamics of short polymers crossing a potential barrier, in the presence of a metastable state. An improved version of the Rouse model for a flexible polymer has been adopted to mimic the molecular dynamics by taking into account both the interactions between adjacent monomers and introducing a Lennard-Jones potential between all beads. A bending recoil torque has also been included in our model. The polymer dynamics is simulated in a two-dimensional domain by numerically solving the Langevin equations of motion with a Gaussian uncorrelated noise. We find a nonmonotonic behaviour of the mean first passage time and the most probable tran…

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicschemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Thermal fluctuationsEquations of motionFOS: Physical sciencesdynamics (theory) mechanical properties (DNA RNA membranes bio-polymers) (theory) Brownian MotionStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsContext (language use)PolymerNoise (electronics)Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicschemistryChemical physicsRectangular potential barrierStatistics Probability and UncertaintyFirst-hitting-time modelCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
researchProduct

Anomalous diffusion and nonlinear relaxation phenomena in stochastic models of interdisciplinary physics

2020

The study of nonlinear dynamical systems in the presence of both Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise sources is the topic of this research work. In particular, after shortly present new theoretical results for statistical characteristics in the framework of Markovian theory, we analyse four different physical systems in the presence of Levy noise source. (a) The residence time problem of a particle subject to a non-Gaussian noise source in arbitrary potential profile was analyzed and the exact analytical results for the statistical characteristics of the residence time for anomalous diffusion in the form of Levy flights in fully unstable potential profile was obtained. Noise enhanced stability …

Steady-state probability density function (PDF)Settore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciIdeal Chua memristorMemory devicesAnomalous diffusionLevy flightsBarrier crossing eventCorrelation time
researchProduct

Information Sharing and Channel Construction of Supply Chain under Asymmetric Demand Information

2014

Information sharing and marketing channel building have become an important problem of supply chain management theory and practice. The research of information sharing focused on traditional channel of supply chain between upstream and downstream enterprises; however, the research ignores the behavior of information sharing with potential entrants and composite structure characteristics about traditional marketing channel with the direct channel. This paper uses the model to research the effects brought about sharing demand information with potential entrants and building marketing channel, which reveals information sharing and channel building mechanism in the supply chain. The study found…

Strategic dominanceSupply chain managementArticle SubjectApplied MathematicsInformation sharingSupply chainlcsh:MathematicsMarketing channellcsh:QA1-939Demand chainComposite structureBusinessIndustrial organizationBarriers to entryJournal of Applied Mathematics
researchProduct

Modelling strategic alliances in the wide-body long range aircraft market

2007

Abstract The wide-body long-range aircrafts market is characterized by increasing rivalry between Airbus and Boeing. One of the factors that drive their strategic behaviour is technological. We propose a technology indicator to identify conditions under which the aircraft companies have incentives to join a coalition. For this, we provide measurement of the side-payments necessary to sign a strategic alliance aimed at reducing technological barriers in the market. The results suggest that the existence of side-payments guarantees the stability of a strategic alliance if the gap in the technological level between the firms is high, or competition is through prices. For monopoly, a strategic …

Strategy and Managementaircrafts marketTransportationManagement Monitoring Policy and Lawtechnology barriersCompetition (economics)IncentiveRange (aeronautics)BusinessMonopolyLawRivalryStrategic allianceagreementcompetitionIndustrial organizationStrategic financial management
researchProduct

ERYTHROPOIETIN FOR THE TREATMENT OF SUBARACHNOID HEMORRAGE: A FEASIBLE INGREDIENT FOR A SUCCESS MEDICAL RECIPE

2015

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) following aneurysm bleeding accounts for 6% to 8% of all cerebrovascular accidents. Although an aneurysm can be effectively managed by surgery or endovascular therapy, delayed cerebral ischemia is diagnosed in a high percentage of patients resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Cerebral vasospasm occurs in more than half of all patients after aneurysm rupture and is recognized as the leading cause of delayed cerebral ischemia after SAH. Hemodynamic strategies and endovascular procedures may be considered for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm. In recent years, the mechanisms contributing to the development of vasospasm, abnormal reactivity of cerebr…

Subarachnoid hemorrhagebusiness.industrySettore MED/27 - NeurochirurgiaCerebral arteriesIschemiaHemodynamicsVasospasmReview Articlemedicine.diseasenervous system diseasesCerebral vasospasmAneurysmErythropoietinAnesthesiaRECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE ENDOTHELIAL NO SYNTHASE BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER IN-VIVO EVIDENCE CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA DARBEPOETIN-ALPHA TISSUE PROTECTION DOUBLE-BLIND RECEPTORGeneticscardiovascular systemMolecular MedicineMedicinecardiovascular diseasesbusinessMolecular BiologyGenetics (clinical)medicine.drugsubarachnoid hemorrage erytropoietin
researchProduct

Permeability properties of a three-cell type in vitro model of blood-brain barrier.

2005

We previously found that RBE4.B brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) form a layer with blood‐brain barrier (BBB) properties if co‐cultured with neurons for at least one week. As astrocytes are known to modulate BBB functions, we further set a culture system that included RBE4.B BCECs, neurons and astrocytes. In order to test formation of BBB, we measured the amount of (3)H‐sucrose able to cross the BCEC layer in this three‐cell type model of BBB. Herein we report that both neurons and astrocytes induce a decrease in the permeability of the BCEC layer to sucrose. These effects are synergic as if BCECs are cultured with both neurons and astrocytes for 5 days, permeability to sucrose decr…

SucroseCell typeTime FactorsBlotting WesternVascular permeabilityBiologyBlood–brain barrierOccludinArticleCapillary PermeabilityOccludinmedicineAnimalsRats WistarCell Line TransformedNeuronsBrainEndothelial CellsMembrane ProteinsCell BiologyPermeationblood-brain barrier cortical neurons astrocytes brain capillary endothelial cells RBE4.B occludin.Coculture TechniquesRatsmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemMembrane proteinBiochemistryBlood-Brain BarrierPermeability (electromagnetism)Astrocytescardiovascular systembiology.proteinBiophysicsMolecular MedicineAntibody
researchProduct

Application of superconductor-semiconductor Schottky barrier for electron cooling

2003

Abstract Electronic cooling in superconductor–semiconductor–superconductor structures at sub kelvin temperatures has been demonstrated. Effect of the carrier concentration in the semiconductor on performance of the micro-cooler has been investigated.

SuperconductivityMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicscoolingbusiness.industryCondensed Matter::Otherelectronic coolingsuperconductor-semiconductor junctionSchottky barriermicrocoolerssuperconductivityCondensed Matter PhysicsMetal–semiconductor junctionCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSemiconductorlawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessSchottky barrierElectron coolingPhysica B: Condensed Matter
researchProduct