Search results for "BAV"

Nuovi documenti a completamento della biografia di don Camillo Barbavara

2009

NOVEL COMPOSED GALACTOSYLATED NANODEVICES CONTAINING A RIBAVIRIN PRODRUG AS HEPATIC CELL-TARGETED CARRIERS FOR HCV TREATMENT

2013

In this paper, we describe the preparation of liver-targeted nanoparticles potentially able to carry to hepatocytes a ribavirin (RBV) prodrug, exploiting the presence of carbohydrate receptors in the liver (i.e., ASGPR in hepatocytes). These particles were obtained starting from a galactosylated phospholipid-polyaminoacid conjugate. This latter was obtained by chemical reaction of ALPHA, BETA -poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl) (2-aminoethylcarbamate)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA-EDA) with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(succinyl) sodium salt (DPPE), and subsequent reaction with lactose, obtaining PHEA-EDA-DPPE-GAL copolymer. To enhance the entrapment into obtained nanostructures, a hydroph…

Including Ratio of Platelets to Liver Stiffness Improves Accuracy of Screening for Esophageal Varices That Require Treatment

2021

International audience; Background & aims: Based on platelets and liver stiffness measurements, the Baveno VI criteria (B6C), the expanded B6C (EB6C), and the ANTICIPATE score can be used to rule out varices needing treatment (VNT) in patients with compensated chronic liver disease. We aimed to improve these tests by including data on the ratio of platelets to liver stiffness.Methods: In a retrospective analysis of data from 10 study populations, collected from 2004 through 2018, we randomly assigned data from 2368 patients with chronic liver disease of different etiologies to a derivation population (n = 1579; 15.1% with VNT, 50.2% with viral hepatitis, 28.9% with nonalcoholic fatty liver …

HCV genotype 5: an orphan virus

2013

HCV genotype 5 (HCV-5) is the least known HCV genotype. It is found mainly in South Africa and in restricted areas of Belgium, Spain, France, Syria and Greece. Sporadic cases are reported worldwide. The main modes of transmission are blood transfusion and iatrogenic causes. Little is known about its origin, but various studies have elucidated its spread worldwide. In endemic areas, patients infected with HCV-5 are on average older and have a higher viral load and more advanced fibrosis than those infected with non-HCV-5 genotypes. The current standard of care for HCV-5 chronic infection is 48 weeks of dual therapy with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. ‘Favourable’ Il28B polymorphisms a…

The impact of DAA-mediated HCV eradication on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte trajectories in HIV/HCV coinfected patients: Data from the ICONA Foundation …

2021

HCV infection has been hypothesized as a contributor of poor CD4+ recovery in patients living with HIV (PLWHIV). Aim of this study was to evaluate CD4+, CD8+ cells and CD4/CD8 ratio trends before and after HCV treatment with direct acting agents (DAA) in PLWHIV. HIV/HCV patients enrolled in ICONA and HepaICONA cohorts with HIV-RNA≤50 copies/ml who achieved a sustained viral response after DAA treatment were studied. A linear regression model was used to investigate CD4+, CD8+ and CD4/CD8 changes 12 months before and after DAA treatment. A total of 939 HIV/HCV patients were included, 225 (24.0%) female, median age: 53 years (IQR 50–56). At DAA initiation, CD4+ T cell count was <350 cells/…

TyG index, HOMA score and viral load in patients with chronic hepatitis C due to genotype 1.

2011

Summary.  The triglycerides × glucose (TyG) index is a recently proposed surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR), calculated from fasting plasma triglyceride and glucose concentrations. We tested the host and viral factors associated with Tyg and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) scores, comparing their associations with histological features and with sustained virological response (SVR) in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C(G1CHC). Three hundred and forty consecutive patients with G1CHC were considered. All had a liver biopsy scored by one pathologist for staging and grading (Scheuer), and graded for steatosis, which was considered moderate–severe if ≥30%. Anthropometric an…

Increased circulating and intrahepatic T-cell-specific chemokines in chronic hepatitis C: relationship with the type of virological response to pegin…

2004

Summary Aims : To determine the serum and intrahepatic levels of T-helper-1-associated chemokines in patients with chronic hepatitis C before, during and after peginterferon plus ribavirin combination therapy and to search for correlations with baseline characteristics of hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease and type of therapeutic response. Methods : Serum chemokine levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and intrahepatic chemokine messenger RNA and protein levels were tested by ribonuclease protection assay and immunohistochemistry. Results : Serum and intrahepatic chemokine levels were elevated in all patients with chronic hepatitis C and showed a marked d…

Interferon alfa–induced sarcoidosis resolving without drug withdrawal

2016

Sarcoidosis is an uncommon systemic granulomatous disease of unknown origin affecting lung, skin, liver, and other tissues. Noncaseating granulomas in the involved organs are the hallmark of this disease. An exaggerated immune response to an unknown antigenic stimulus could play a role in sarcoidosis development. Lung is one of the most frequently involved organs.1 Manifestations range from alveolitis to granulomatous infiltration of alveoli, bronchi, and blood vessels. The end stage of lung sarcoidosis is development of interstitial fibrosis with “honeycombing” of lung parenchyma. Interferon alfa in association with ribavirin is the treatment of choice for hepatitis C. Early treatment of a…

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection: a systemic disease.

2007

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem, being the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with a global prevalence of about 3% (about 180 million people). HCV is both an hepatotropic and a lymphotropic virus; and chronic infection could cause, on one hand, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and on the other hand several extrahepatic diseases including, first, mixed cryoglobulinemia and lymphoma. The association between hepatic (hepatocellular carcinoma) and extrahepatic (lymphoma, thyroid cancer) malignancies has justified the inclusion of HCV among human cancer viruses. The pathogenesis of HCV-related sequelae (hepatic o…

Early discontinuation of ribavirin in HCV-2 and HCV-3 patients responding to Peg-interferon alpha-2° and ribavirin

2009

SUMMARY. Guidelines for the treatment of patients infected with hepatitis C virus of genotypes 2 and 3 (HCV-2 and HCV-3, respectively) recommend a 24-week course of Peginterferon (Peg-IFN) alpha-2a combined with ribavirin, despite 50% of patients in registration trials attaining a sustained virologic response (SVR) following Peg-IFN alpha-2a monotherapy. The aim of this study was to delineate patient characteristics that might help to identify individuals likely to benefit from ribavirin discontinuation. One hundred and forty-four HCV-2- and HCV-3-infected patients initiated Peg-IFN alpha-2a (180 lg ⁄ week) and ribavirin (1000 or 1200 mg⁄ day); those with viral clearance at week 4 were rand…