Search results for "BIOFILM"

Candida biofilms on implanted biomaterials: a clinically significant problem.

2006

In recent years there has been an increasing appreciation that microbial biofilms are ubiquitous, which has resulted in a number of studies on infectious diseases from a biofilm perspective. Biofilms are defined as structured microbial communities that are attached to a surface and encased in a matrix of exopolymeric material. A wide range of biomaterials used in clinical practice have been shown to support colonization and biofilm formation by Candida spp., and the increase in Candida infections in the last decades has almost paralleled the increase and widespread use of a broad range of medical implant devices, mainly in populations with impaired host defenses. Formation of Candida biofil…

Antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activity of polylysine biofilms

2016

Aukslēju mandeļu kriptolīzes vēlīnu rezultātu novērtēšana

2019

Darba aktualitāte: Aukslēju mandeļukriptolīze ir salīdzinoši jauna ārstēšanas pieeja otorinolaringoloģijas jomā. Pirmie pētījumu ziņojumi meklējami vien 1994.gadā. Kopš tā laika arvien nav atrasti objektīvi, reāli diagnosticējami pacientu atlases kritēriji, kuriem šī ārstēšanas metode varētu sniegt labākos rezultātus ilgtermiņā. Šobrīd biežākais šīs procedūras veikšanas iemesls ir hronisks kazeozs tonsilīts (CCT), ko pavada tādi simptomi kā bāli dzeltenīgu, biezpienam līdzīgu graudiņu jeb t.s. detrīra korķu veidošanās, halitoze (slikta elpa, “foetor ex ore”), nepatīkama piegaršā mutē, pastāvīga diskomforta vai niezēšanas sajūtas rīklē, kā arī svešķermeņa sajūta rīklē. Lai arī šis patoloģisk…

Effect of single-species and mixed-species leaf leachate on bacterial communities in biofilms

2009

Dissolved organic matter in the form of leaf leachate represents an important carbon and energy source in many lotic ecosystems. In this study, we investigated utilization of mono-specific and mixed-species leaf leachate and impacts on biofilm bacterial community structure. Ceramic tiles were incubated in a Northeast Ohio stream to allow for biofilm development and then exposed in the laboratory to glucose or leachate from: sugar maple (Acer saccharum), pin oak (Quercus palustris), maple oak, American beech (Fagus grandifolia), witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), or beech witch hazel. Bacterial responses to these amendments were compared to un-amended controls based on fluorescent in situ h…

Top-down effects of a lytic bacteriophage and protozoa on bacteria in aqueous and biofilm phases

2014

Lytic bacteriophages and protozoan predators are the major causes of bacterial mortality in natural microbial communities, which also makes them potential candidates for biological control of bacterial pathogens. However, little is known about the relative impact of bacteriophages and protozoa on the dynamics of bacterial biomass in aqueous and biofilm phases. Here, we studied the temporal and spatial dynamics of bacterial biomass in a microcosm experiment where opportunistic pathogenic bacteria Serratia marcescens was exposed to particle‐feeding ciliates, surface‐feeding amoebas, and lytic bacteriophages for 8 weeks, ca. 1300 generations. We found that ciliates were the most efficient enem…

BIODEGRADING BIOFILMS ON INNOVATIVE BIOPOLYMERIC SUPPORTS

2022

ABSTRACT Water bioremediation is traditionally carried out using ‘ free ’ bacterial cells, however, in recent years, utilization of ‘immobilized’ bacterial cells on adsorbing matrices, has gained attention as a promising technique due to biotechnological and economic benefits (Sonawane et al., 2022). Bacterial biofilms show greater resilience, survival and degradative activity for longer periods than cells in the planktonic state (Alessandrello et al., 2017); moreover immobilization reduces bioremediation costs, eliminate cell dilution and dispersion in the environment (Bayat et al., 2015). Possible applications of immobilized biodegrading bacteria require long-term survival and maintenance…

Analisi preliminare delle risposte della comunità intertidale a variazioni di pCO2 e temperatura

2015

La principale conseguenza delle emissioni atmosferiche di CO2 di origine antropica è l’incremento dell’effetto serra, che sta conducendo al fenomeno del riscaldamento globale. Una parte di queste emissioni viene sequestrata dagli oceani causando profondi cambiamenti nella chimica dei carbonati, un processo noto come acidificazione degli oceani. La temperatura ed il pH possono interagire fra loro inducendo cambiamenti nelle risposte delle comunità marine. Questo studio si propone di valutare sperimentalmente la risposta del biofilm a cambiamenti indotti di temperatura e pCO2 lungo un gradiente di chimica dei carbonati nell’Isola di Vulcano (Isole Eolie).

Activation, transfer, distribution, composition, evolution and characterization of the lactic acid bacterial biofilms for the valorization of Sicilia…

Biofilms: Applications in Bioremediation

2012

Bioremediation uses microorganisms to remove, detoxify, or immobilize pollutants, and does not require addition of harmful chemicals. Bioremediation is particularly suitable for large areas where contaminant concentrations are relatively low and the hydrology of the soil does not support an aggressive chemical remediation strategy. In the last few years, researchers have described the mechanisms of bioremediation for numerous priority pollutants, including chlorinated hydrocarbons, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy metals. However, most studies published to date have dealt with planktonic cultures grown under controlled laboratory conditions. Microorganisms in the environment occur mostl…

The Biocontrol Agent and Insect Pathogen Photorhabdus luminescens Interacts with Plant Roots

2020

ABSTRACT The number of sustainable agriculture techniques to improve pest management and environmental safety is rising, as biological control agents are used to enhance disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance in crops. Here, we investigated the capacity of the Photorhabdus luminescens secondary variant to react to plant root exudates and their behavior toward microorganisms in the rhizosphere. P. luminescens is known to live in symbiosis with entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) and to be highly pathogenic toward insects. The P. luminescens-EPN relationship has been widely studied, and this combination has been used as a biological control agent; however, not much attention has been p…