Search results for "BIOSENSORS"
showing 10 items of 41 documents
Luminometric Sub-nanoliter Droplet-to-droplet Arrays (LUMDA-chip) for Drug Screening on Phase I Metabolism Enzymes
2013
Here we show the fabrication of the Luminometric Sub-nanoliter Droplet-to-droplet Array (LUMDA chip) by inkjet printing. The chip is easy to be implemented and allows for amultiplexed multi-step biochemical assay in sub-nanoliter liquid spots. This concept is here applied to the integral membrane enzyme CYP3A4, i.e. themost relevant enzymatic target for phase I drug metabolism, and to some structurally-related inhibitors.
Micro and Nano patterns for Biosensing: from enzymatic assays to single cells interaction arrays
2012
In this thesis work, solution dispensing techniques have been employed for the realization of complex biological arrays. Inkjet printing techniques were employed for the generation of drug screening platforms. This approach was initially proved with a model enzyme system like Glucose Oxidase substrate covalently linked to a functionalized silicon oxide support. On this support an enzymatic substrate (D-glucose)/inhibitor (D-glucal) couple was accurately dispensed. A simple optical detection method was used to prove the screening capability of the microarray with the possibility to assay with high reproducibility at the single spot level. Afterwards, this methodology has been extended to CYP…
Imbibition of Femtoliter-Scale DNA-Rich Aqueous Droplets into Porous Nylon Substrates by Molecular Printing
2019
This work presents the first reported imbibition mechanism of femtoliter (fL)-scale droplets produced by microchannel cantilever spotting (μCS) of DNA molecular inks into porous substrates (hydrophilic nylon). Differently from macroscopic or picoliter droplets, the downscaling to the fL-size leads to an imbibition process controlled by the subtle interplay of evaporation, spreading, viscosity, and capillarity, with gravitational forces being quasi-negligible. In particular, the minimization of droplet evaporation, surface tension, and viscosity allows for a reproducible droplet imbibition process. The dwell time on the nylon surface permits further tuning of the droplet lateral size, in acc…
Monitoring Reversible Tight Junction Modulation with a Current-Driven Organic Electrochemical Transistor
2021
Layered Double Hydroxides in Bioinspired Nanotechnology
2020
Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) are a relevant class of inorganic lamellar nanomaterials that have attracted significant interest in life science-related applications, due to their highly controllable synthesis and high biocompatibility. Under a general point of view, this class of materials might have played an important role for the origin of life on planet Earth, given their ability to adsorb and concentrate life-relevant molecules in sea environments. It has been speculated that the organic–mineral interactions could have permitted to organize the adsorbed molecules, leading to an increase in their local concentration and finally to the emergence of life. Inspired by nature, material s…
Plasmonic Biosensors for the Detection of Lung Cancer Biomarkers: A Review
2021
Lung cancer is the most common and deadliest cancer type globally. Its early diagnosis can guarantee a five-year survival rate. Unfortunately, application of the available diagnosis methods such as computed tomography, chest radiograph, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, low-dose CT scan, bone scans, positron emission tomography (PET), and biopsy is hindered due to one or more problems, such as phenotypic properties of tumours that prevent early detection, invasiveness, expensiveness, and time consumption. Detection of lung cancer biomarkers using a biosensor is reported to solve the problems. Among biosensors, optical biosensors attract greater attention due to being ultra-sensi…
Porous Aluminium Oxide Coating for the Development of Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Based Biosensor: Evaluation of Human Serum Albumin Adsorption
2020
An electrochemically synthesised porous anodic aluminium oxide (pAAO) layer has been analysed by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry. The determined thickness of the formed pAAO layer obtained from spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements and modelling was 322.75 ±
From Microorganism-Based Amperometric Biosensors towards Microbial Fuel Cells
2021
This review focuses on the overview of microbial amperometric biosensors and microbial biofuel cells (MFC) and shows how very similar principles are applied for the design of both types of these bioelectronics-based devices. Most microorganism-based amperometric biosensors show poor specificity, but this drawback can be exploited in the design of microbial biofuel cells because this enables them to consume wider range of chemical fuels. The efficiency of the charge transfer is among the most challenging and critical issues during the development of any kind of biofuel cell. In most cases, particular redox mediators and nanomaterials are applied for the facilitation of charge transfer from a…
Application of 2D Non-Graphene Materials and 2D Oxide Nanostructures for Biosensing Technology
2016
The discovery of graphene and its unique properties has inspired researchers to try to invent other two-dimensional (2D) materials. After considerable research effort, a distinct "beyond graphene" domain has been established, comprising the library of non-graphene 2D materials. It is significant that some 2D non-graphene materials possess solid advantages over their predecessor, such as having a direct band gap, and therefore are highly promising for a number of applications. These applications are not limited to nano- and opto-electronics, but have a strong potential in biosensing technologies, as one example. However, since most of the 2D non-graphene materials have been newly discovered,…
Optical biosensors based on ZnO nanostructures: advantages and perspectives. A review
2016
This review article highlights the application of beneficial physico-chemical properties of ZnO nanostructures for the detection of wide range of biological compounds. As the medical diagnostics require accurate, fast and inexpensive biosensors, the advantages inherent optical methods of detection are considered. The crucial points of the immobilization process, responsible for biosensor performance (biomolecule adsorption, surface properties, surface defects role, surface functionalization etc.) along with the interaction mechanism between biomolecules and ZnO are disclosed. The latest achievements in surface plasmon resonance (SPR), surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and photolumi…