Search results for "BM"
showing 10 items of 1459 documents
Mechanisms involved in lipid accumulation and apoptosis induced by 1-nitropyrene in Hepa1c1c7 cells
2011
International audience; 1-Nitropyrene (1-NP) is a nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (nitro-PAH) present in diesel exhaust and bound to particular matter in urban air. We show that 1-NP and the referent PAH benzo(a)pyrene (BP) induce apoptosis and a lipid accumulation dependent on cytochrome P450 1A1-metabolites in mouse hepatoma cells, whereas 1-amino-pyrene had no effect. The caspase inhibitor, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp(O-Me) fluoromethyl ketone (Z-VAD-fmk), inhibits 1-NP-induced apoptosis, but failed to alter 1-NP-triggered lipid accumulation determined by Nile red staining. We further show that cholesterol and fatty acid contents are modified after nitro-PAH exposure and that 1…
Maintenance costs of male dominance and sexually antagonistic selection in the wild
2018
Variation in dominance status determines male mating and reproductive success, but natural selection for male dominance can be detrimental or antagonistic for female performance, and ultimately their fitness. Attaining and maintaining a high dominance status in a population of competing individuals is physiologically costly for males. But how male dominance status is mediated by maintenance energetics is currently not well understood, nor are the corresponding effects of male energetics on his sisters recognized. We conducted laboratory and field experiments on rodent populations to test whether selective breeding for male dominance status (dominant vs. subordinate breeding lines) antagonis…
Partition of volatile compounds in pea globulin–maltodextrin aqueous two-phase system
2014
International audience; This study is based on the assumption that the off-flavour of pea proteins might be decreased using the retention of volatile compounds by a mixture with another biopolymer. The partition of volatile compounds in an aqueous system containing pea protein and maltodextrins was followed under thermodynamic incompatibility conditions. Firstly, the phase diagram of the system was established. Then, the partition of aroma compounds between the phase rich in protein and the phase rich in maltodextrin was measured by SPME–GC–MS. There was a transfer of volatile compounds during phase separation. Variations of pH were also used to vary the retention of volatile compounds by p…
Enzymatic systems involved in peri-receptor events of olfaction in mammalian: evolutionary perspectives
2021
International audience; The olfactory epithelium is continuously exposed to exogenous chemicals, including compounds bearing odor activity. Organisms have developed multiple mechanisms for the protection of this epithelium, among which anti-microbial proteins, enzymes fighting the oxidative stress and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Our approach consists in characterizing by immunohistochemistry and mass spectroscopy analysis the proteome of the nasal mucus in different mammals (currently including Harbour porpoise, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Rattus norvegicus). These analyses reveal core some enzyme families in the different species investigated, including glutathi…
Propaganda Barometer : A Supportive Tool to Improve Media Literacy Towards Building a Critically Thinking Society
2018
To smartly consume a huge and constantly growing volume of information, to identify fake news and resist propaganda in the context of Information Warfare, to improve personal critical thinking capabilities and increase media literacy, people require supportive environment with sophisticated technology facilitated tools. With rapid development of media, widespread popularity of social networks and fast growing amount of information distribution channels, propaganda and information warfare enter an absolutely new digital technology supported cyber era. Propaganda mining is not a trivial and very time consuming process for human. And, as with any new technology, human need certain time to unde…
Lapsettomuutta kokeneiden tupakointi, alkoholinkäyttö ja paino Terveys 2011 tutkimuksessa
2017
TIIVISTELMÄ Vilanti, T. 2017. Lapsettomuutta kokeneiden tupakointi, alkoholinkäyttö ja paino Terveys 2011 tutkimuksessa. Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, Jyväskylän yliopisto, Terveyskasvatuksen pro gradu -tutkielma Osa I 28 s., 2 liitettä. Osa II 19s. Tahaton lapsettomuus on yleistynyt sekä naisilla että miehillä niin Suomessa kuin maailmanlaajuisestikin. Monien elintapojen on todettu olevan yhteydessä hedelmällisyyteen. Heikentävästi siihen vaikuttavia ovat tupakointi, liiallinen alkoholin käyttö, epäterveellinen ruokavalio, sekä yli- tai alipaino. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tuottaa uutta tietoa lapsettomuuden ja siihen vaikuttavien elintapojen välisistä yhteyksistä yleensä sekä verrat…
Involvement of Lipoxygenase-dependent Production of Fatty Acid Hydroperoxides in the Development of the Hypersensitive Cell Death induced by Cryptoge…
1999
Lipid peroxidation was investigated in relation with the hypersensitive reaction in cryptogein-elicited tobacco leaves. A massive production of free polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) hydroperoxides dependent on a 9-lipoxygenase (LOX) activity was characterized during the development of leaf necrosis. The process occurred after a lag phase of 12 h, was accompanied by the concomitant increase of 9-LOX activity, and preceded by a transient accumulation of LOX transcripts. Free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation represented 10% of the process. Inhibition and activation of the LOX pathway was shown to inhibit or to activate cell death, and evidence was provided that fatty acid hydroperoxides ar…
Relationship between rat liver microsomal Δ6 and Δ5 desaturase activities and fatty acid composition: comparative effects of coconut and salmon oils …
1992
International audience; The aim of this work was to compare the effects of coconut and salmon oils on rat liver microsomal Δ6 and Δ5 desaturations, during protein restriction. A higher Δ6 desaturase activity was noted in rats fed the low-protein coconut oil diet, in comparison with that occurring in rats fed either a low-protein or normal-protein salmon oil diet. No variation was observed in Δ5 desaturase activity or in 20:4n-6/ 18:2n-6 ratio. The fatty acid composition of liver microsomal phospholipids provided evidence of higher levels of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 in the normal-protein salmon oil group, when compared with the low-protein salmon oil group. No influence of experimental diets on t…
Enhancement of structural, functional and antioxidant properties of fish gelatin films using Maillard reactions
2018
International audience; This study investigates the effect of Maillard reactions (MR) on the physico-chemical and biological properties of fish gelatin based edible films. Glucose was incorporated in gelatin film forming solutions at different glucose/lysine molar ratios: 0.5/1.0, 1.0/1.0 and 5.0/1.0. The MR was then induced by heating films at 90 °C for 24 h in dry conditions. Color changes and browning index measurements were used to pursue the MR kinetic. Results showed that the development of MR products was dependent on the glucose content and on the reaction time. Mechanical and thermal properties of treated films displayed an increase in tensile strength, elongation at break and glas…
Spectroscopic analyses of the influence of electron beam irradiation doses on mechanical, transport properties and microstructure of chitosan-fish ge…
2015
International audience; The objective of this work was to better display the effect of electron beam accelerator doses (0, 20, 40 and 60 kGy) on structural, mechanical and barrier properties of edible lightly plasticized chitosan-fish gelatin blend film. From Electron Spin Resonance (ESR), signal at 3500 G for blend film was identified as free radical formation during irradiation, which might introduce intermolecular cross-linking into the polymer matrix, thus affecting structural properties. Tensile Strength (TS) for gelatin film significantly increased with growing irradiation doses (improved by 30% for 60 kGy), but the TS of chitosan and blend films were not significantly affected. On th…