Search results for "Background"

showing 10 items of 556 documents

Improving on numerical simulations of nonlinear CMB anisotropies

2015

An Adaptative-Particle-Particle-Particle-Mesh code (HYDRA) plus a ray-tracing procedure was used in [1] to perform an exhaustive analysis of the weak lensing anisotropy. Other nonlinear Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies, such as the Rees-Sciamaand the Sunyaev-Zel.dovicheffects are also being studied by using the same tools. Here we present some advances in our study of these nonlinear anisotropies. The primary advance is due to the use of better simulations with greater particle densities and appropriate softening, although other parameters have also been adjusted to get better estimates. Thus, we improve on a previous paper [2] where the Rees-Sciamaeffect was studied with Particle-M…

PhysicsHistoryNonlinear systemCosmic microwave backgroundResolution improvementAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsStatistical physicsFocus (optics)AnisotropySofteningWeak gravitational lensingComputer Science ApplicationsEducationJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Future axion searches with the International Axion Observatory (IAXO)

2013

Çetin, Serkant Ali (Dogus Author) -- Conference full title: 6th Symposium on Large TPCs for Low Energy Rare Event Detection; Paris; France; 17 December 2012 through 19 December 2012. The International Axion Observatory (IAXO) is a new generation axion helioscope aiming at a sensitivity to the axion-photon coupling of gaγ ∼ few × 10-12 GeV-1, i.e. 1-1.5 orders of magnitude beyond the one achieved by CAST, currently the most sensitive axion helioscope. The main elements of IAXO are an increased magnetic field volume together with extensive use of x-ray focusing optics and low background detectors, innovations already successfully tested in CAST. Additional physics cases of IAXO could include …

PhysicsHistoryParticle physicssolar axionOrders of Magnitude010308 nuclear & particles physicsRare event detectionSingle photon detectorsLow Background Detectors01 natural sciencesdark matterWhite DwarfsComputer Science ApplicationsEducationLow energyObservatory0103 physical sciencessolar axions; dark matter; Single photon detectorssolar axionsddc:530X-ray Focusing Optics010306 general physicsAxion
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Revisiting a vector-tensor theory of gravitation

2011

A certain vector-tensor theory of gravitation has been recently studied. In this theory, the zero-order energy density of the vector field could play the role of dark energy. In such a case, the question is: could the theory explain current cosmological observations as well as the so-called concordance model? Previous papers on the subject only consider a reduced number of current observations. We consider a wider set of observations including supernovae of type Ia, cosmic microwave background anisotropies, and the power spectrum of the energy density fluctuations. Results imply that, for negligible scalar perturbations of the vector field, the theory does not work.

PhysicsHistoryScalar (mathematics)Cosmic microwave backgroundSpectral densityAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsComputer Science ApplicationsEducationGravitationTheoretical physicsThermodynamics of the universeSupernovaClassical mechanicsDark energyVector fieldJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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A novel approach to quantifying the sensitivity of current and future cosmological datasets to the neutrino mass ordering through Bayesian hierarchic…

2017

We present a novel approach to derive constraints on neutrino masses from cosmological data, while taking into account our ignorance of the neutrino mass ordering. We derive constraints from a combination of current and future cosmological datasets on the total neutrino mass $M_\nu$ and on the mass fractions carried by each of the mass eigenstates, after marginalizing over the (unknown) neutrino mass ordering, either normal (NH) or inverted (IH). The bounds take therefore into account the uncertainty related to our ignorance of the mass hierarchy. This novel approach is carried out in the framework of Bayesian analysis of a typical hierarchical problem. In this context, the choice of the ne…

PhysicsHyperparameterNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)010308 nuclear & particles physicsCosmic microwave backgroundPosterior probabilityCosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural scienceslcsh:QC1-999BaryonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Double beta decay0103 physical sciencesBayesian hierarchical modelingNeutrino010303 astronomy & astrophysicslcsh:PhysicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Primordial Black Holes and Slow-Roll Violation

2017

For primordial black holes (PBH) to be the dark matter in single-field inflation, the slow-roll approximation must be violated by at least ${\cal O}(1)$ in order to enhance the curvature power spectrum within the required number of efolds between CMB scales and PBH mass scales. Power spectrum predictions which rely on the inflaton remaining on the slow-roll attractor can fail dramatically leading to qualitatively incorrect conclusions in models like an inflection potential and misestimate the mass scale in a running mass model. We show that an optimized temporal evaluation of the Hubble slow-roll parameters to second order remains a good description for a wide range of PBH formation models …

PhysicsInflation (cosmology)Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Slow roll010308 nuclear & particles physicsDark matterCosmic microwave backgroundSpectral densityFOS: Physical sciencesPrimordial black holeAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Inflaton01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology0103 physical sciencesAttractor010306 general physicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Inflation, renormalization, and CMB anisotropies

2010

5 páginas.-- Trabajo presentado al Spanish Relativity Meeting (ERE 2009).-- El PDF es la versión pre-print (arXiv:1002.3914v1).

PhysicsInflation (cosmology)History010308 nuclear & particles physicsCosmic microwave backgroundScalar (mathematics)FOS: Physical sciencesObservableGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyComputer Science ApplicationsEducationMetric expansion of spaceRenormalizationRegularization (physics)0103 physical sciencesQuantum field theory010306 general physicsMathematical physics
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Does the plasma composition affect the long term evolution of relativistic jets?

2001

We study the influence of the matter content of extragalactic jets on their morphology, dynamics and emission properties. For this purpose we consider jets of extremely different compositions including pure leptonic and baryonic plasmas. Our work is based on two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of the long-term evolution of powerful extragalactic jets propagating into a homogeneous environment. The equation of state used in the simulations accounts for an arbitrary mixture of electrons, protons and electron-positron pairs. Using the hydrodynamic models we have also computed synthetic radio maps and the thermal Bremsstrahlung X-ray emission from their cavities. Although ther…

PhysicsJet (fluid)Equation of state (cosmology)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCosmic microwave backgroundAstrophysics (astro-ph)BremsstrahlungFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsPlasmaAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsOrders of magnitude (time)Astrophysical jetSpace and Planetary ScienceSurface brightness
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Resonant Kelvin-Helmholtz modes in sheared relativistic flows

2007

Qualitatively new aspects of the (linear and non-linear) stability of sheared relativistic (slab) jets are analyzed. The linear problem has been solved for a wide range of jet models well inside the ultrarelativistic domain (flow Lorentz factors up to 20; specific internal energies $\approx 60c^2$). As a distinct feature of our work, we have combined the analytical linear approach with high-resolution relativistic hydrodynamical simulations, which has allowed us i) to identify, in the linear regime, resonant modes specific to the relativistic shear layer ii) to confirm the result of the linear analysis with numerical simulations and, iii) more interestingly, to follow the instability develo…

PhysicsJet (fluid)Field (physics)Lorentz transformationNumerical analysisAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesLinear regimePerturbation (astronomy)MechanicsAstrophysicsInstabilityLorentz factorNonlinear systemsymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsAstrophysical jetQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsHelmholtz free energysymbolsLinear growthBackground flow
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Vertical ground reaction force measurements and video measurements provide comparable estimates of distance moved by mice during artificial light and…

2011

Video-based measures of spontaneous activity of rodents are of interest in studying, e.g. physiology. However, video-based tracking methods typically require light. The purpose of the present study was to develop a video based method for tracking movements of mice during a dark period. The method was applied in comparing the dark and light period activities of mice. Ten male mice were used in the present study. The activity of the animals was monitored simultaneously with video and ground reaction force (GRF) recordings during consecutive 12h periods of artificial light and dark. Texture based background subtraction method was used to track the mouse from the video recording, while the weig…

PhysicsMaleBackground subtractionArtificial lightLightbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceMovementVertical ground reaction forceVideo RecordingMale miceDarknessMotor ActivityTracking (particle physics)GeodesyDark periodBiomechanical PhenomenaCircadian RhythmWeight-BearingMiceOpticsAnimalsGround reaction forcebusinessVideo basedJournal of neuroscience methods
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Observables sensitive to absolute neutrino masses. II

2008

In this followup to Phys. Rev. D 75, 053001 (2007) [arXiv:hep-ph/0608060] we report updated constraints on neutrino mass-mixing parameters, in light of recent neutrino oscillation data (KamLAND, SNO, and MINOS) and cosmological observations (WMAP 5-year and other data). We discuss their interplay with the final 0nu2beta decay results in 76-Ge claimed by part of the Heidelberg-Moscow Collaboration, using recent evaluations of the corresponding nuclear matrix elements, and their uncertainties. We also comment on the 0nu2beta limits in 130-Te recently set by Cuoricino, and on prospective limits or signals from the KATRIN experiment.

PhysicsMass numberNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics (astro-ph)Cosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsCMB cold spotHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)MINOSDouble beta decayHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSensitivity (control systems)Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)NeutrinoNeutrino oscillationNuclear ExperimentPhysical Review D
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