Search results for "Bactérie"
showing 10 items of 69 documents
Strategies for analyzing interactions between arbuscular mycorrhiza and bacteria
2013
National audience
Mycorhizes à arbuscules : le transportome biotrophe de la cellule au champ
2017
Understanding mechanisms underlying high nutrients use efficiency and carbon allocation in a context of mycorrhizal interactions is critical for sound management of croplands taking care of ecosystem services rendered by mycorrhizal fungi. Transport processes across the polarised membrane interfaces are of major importance in the functioning of the established mycorrhizal association as the symbiotic relation is based on a 'fair-trade' between fungus and host plant. Uptake and exchanges of nutrient and/or metabolites, at biotrophic interfaces are controlled by membrane transporters and their regulation patterns are essential in determining the outcome of plant fungal interactions and in ada…
Effet insecticide de Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki et d’une toxine bactérienne, le Spinosad, à l’égard des blattes domestiques adultes (Blattella g…
2012
Les blattes sont très étudiées en raison de leur impact sur la santé humaine et animale, sur les cultures et l’habitat. Blattella germanica est une blatte domestique prédominante qui représente un vecteur potentiel des maladies. En raison de sa nuisance elle a fait l’objet de plusieurs études, en vue d’une lutte efficace. Ces dernières années, une nouvelle approche toxicologique est apparue, elle consiste à développer de nouveaux insecticides issus essentiellement des molécules biologiques telles que les plantes et les microorganismes comme les champignons et les bactéries. Dans cette étude on s’est intéressé aux effets induits par le Bacillus thuringiensiskurstaki sur les adultes de B. ger…
Study of biogenic amines metabolism in wine lactic acid bacteria
2011
Biogenic amines are indesirable compounds found in fermented products like wine. Lactic acid bacteria from wine, including Oenococcus oeni, the main actor of malolactic fermentation, are able to produce these molecules from nitrogenous precursors. In order to limited biogenic amines accumulation, it is necessary to understand the role of this production by strains responsible for the synthesis of these metabolites in food. That is why the European BiamFood project was put in place. Along my thesis, molecular tools were developed in order to mutate O. oeni genes (encoding decarboxylases), and to express genes of interest. Genetic clusters hdc from L. higardii and odc from O. oeni, responsibl…
Selection of probiotic strains and improving the survival and functionality of an academic strain, Bifidobacterium bifidum, by changing the redox pot…
2012
The aim of this work was to select rationally a probiotic strain by setting up a screening method as well as study and understand the impact of the redox potential (Eh) and gas bubbling on the survival of Bifidobacterium bifidum in a fermented dairy product. In a first time, we have developed selection techniques of probiotic bacteria on the criteria of viability / vitality (flow cytometry analysis) and on the criteria of functionality (antioxidant). We were able to select strains of industrial interest as well as an academic strain, Bifidobacterium bifidum.Secondly, we have studied effect of modifying redox potential by gas bubbling on the survival of B. bifidum in a fermented dairy produc…
Screening of lactic acid bacteria for their use as aromatic starters during fermentation of vegetables
2020
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have good growth capacities on various food matrices and produce very diverse enzymatic activities which are notably capable of positively modifying the organoleptic properties of fermented foods. Therefore, the selection of the LAB starters possessing good metabolic abilities and interesting enzymatic activities towards the plant matrix could improve the aroma profiles of fermented foods. The main objective of this study was to enhance the aroma profiles of fermented tomatoes by using the biotechnological pathway. To achieve this, firstly, 200 LAB isolated from Cambodian and Vietnamese fermented foods were screened for their β-glucosidase activity and duplicate i…
Influence de différentes pratiques agricoles sur la qualité et la santé des sols : étude de cas sur des vergers slovènes irrigués ou en agriculture b…
2011
Underestimation of soil properties and poor understanding of soil conditions can have many negative consequences, which results in quality or quantity of yield, soil degradation or even environmental pollution. According to importance of agricultural practices, our study focused on their impact on soil quality and health. The research took place from November 2003 to October 2007 in apple orchards in north-eastern Slovenia where two frequent agricultural practices were investigated: (i) drip irrigation on Calcaric Cambisol and its effects on structural stability and microbial biomass at Gačnik experimental station and (ii) combination of organic fertiliser (Campo guano) and liming in organi…
Selection and integration of a new immunomodulatory probiotic strain in a food supplement
2012
Probiotics are live microorganisms that can act on the immune system at specific sites in the gastro-intestinal tract. From a technological point of view, the development of a dietary supplement containing viable and functional probiotics requires the control of the selection and production steps. In a first time, we have developed specific and sensitive screening tests to determine the ability of bacteria to be dried and the origin of its sensitivity. To develop these tests, we investigated the mechanisms involved during drying process. Thus, microorganisms simultaneously undergo osmotic stress and oxidative stress. Results show a strong impact of drying on the survival rate and immunomodu…
Les épandages de déchets modifient-ils la qualité biologique des sols agricoles à long terme ? Résultats du programme VADEBIO
2012
EA EcolDur CT3; National audience
Atlas Français des bactéries du sol
2018
Battle Karimi est post-doctorante dans l’UMR Agroécologie à l’INRA de Dijon et s’intéresse à l’écologie des communautés microbiennes. Elle a intégré l’équipe de recherche Biocom en 2016 afin d’analyser l’ensemble des données environnementales et microbiologiques issues du RMQS (Réseau de Mesures de la Qualité des Sols) et de les valoriser sous la forme du présent ouvrage. Elle a participé à la rédaction et à la mise en forme de la majeure partie de l’atlas, et a coordonné son avancement au sein de l’équipe d’auteurs.Nicolas Chemidlin-Prévost Bouré est maître de conférences en biologie des sols à AgroSup Dijon et membre de l’UMR Agroécologie. Spécialisé en écologie des communautés microbienn…