Search results for "Benchmark"

CloudSim: A fair benchmark for comparison of methods for times series reconstruction from cloud and atmospheric contamination

2015

Cloud contamination of optical data is a constant and annoying feature of time series analyses, whether while using vegetation indices or surface temperatures, since it tends to decrease artificially the values taken by these parameters. Therefore, any time series analysis of optical data needs a previous step for gap-filling reconstruction of the time series. Numerous techniques have been presented in the literature to carry out this preliminary and mandatory step. However, the evaluation and comparison of these techniques is difficult, since no “truth” time series is available. We present here a probabilistic model (CloudSim) to provide global typical annual time series for NDVI (Normaliz…

Multidisciplinary research on Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island: a future benchmark for change in Maritime Antarctica

2013

Towards the integration and development of a cross-European research network and infrastructure: the DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity (DEDI…

2014

To address major societal challenges and enhance cooperation in research across Europe, the European Commission has initiated and facilitated ‘joint programming’. Joint programming is a process by which Member States engage in defining, developing and implementing a common strategic research agenda, based on a shared vision of how to address major societal challenges that no Member State is capable of resolving independently. Setting up a Joint Programming Initiative (JPI) should also contribute to avoiding unnecessary overlap and repetition of research, and enable and enhance the development and use of standardised research methods, procedures and data management. The Determinants of Diet …

Optimizing and comparing gap-filling techniques using simulated NDVI time series from remotely sensed global data

2019

Abstract NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) time series usually suffer from remaining cloud presence, even after data pre-processing. To address this issue, numerous gap-filling (or reconstruction) techniques have been developed in the literature, although their comparison has mainly been local to regional, with only two global studies to date, and has led to sometimes contradictory results. This study builds on these different comparisons, by testing different parameterizations for five NDVI temporal profile reconstruction techniques, namely HANTS (Harmonic Analysis of Time Series), IDR (iterative Interpolation for Data Reconstruction), Savitzky-Golay, Asymmetric Gaussian and Do…

The Dynamics of the Global Multinationals: Determinants of New Global Configurations and New Management Challenges

2018

During the last few decades, the complex interplay between (the process of) globalization and (the evolution of global) multinationals has radically changed both the architecture of the global economy and the characteristics of their main players – the global multinationals; new configurations have emerged, while new complexities have replaced them, in unprecedented (in terms of speed, breadth, and depth) manners, adding new valences to the challenges firms and their strategists are confronting nowadays. The aim of the paper is to identify (some of) the most significant shifts that have marked the dynamics of the global multinationals during the last two decades, in order to sketch the new …

When does Regression discontinuity design work? Evidence from random election outcomes

2018

We use elections data in which a large number of ties in vote counts between candidates are resolved via a lottery to study the personal incumbency advantage. We benchmark non‐experimental regression discontinuity design (RDD) estimates against the estimate produced by this experiment that takes place exactly at the cutoff. The experimental estimate suggests that there is no personal incumbency advantage. In contrast, conventional local polynomial RDD estimates suggest a moderate and statistically significant effect. Bias‐corrected RDD estimates that apply robust inference are, however, in line with the experimental estimate. Therefore, state‐of‐the‐art implementation of RDD can meet the re…

Second-Order CASSCF Algorithm with the Cholesky Decomposition of the Two-Electron Integrals

2021

In this contribution, we present the implementation of a second-order complete active space–self-consistent field (CASSCF) algorithm in conjunction with the Cholesky decomposition of the two-electron repulsion integrals. The algorithm, called norm-extended optimization, guarantees convergence of the optimization, but it involves the full Hessian and is therefore computationally expensive. Coupling the second-order procedure with the Cholesky decomposition leads to a significant reduction in the computational cost, reduced memory requirements, and an improved parallel performance. As a result, CASSCF calculations of larger molecular systems become possible as a routine task. The performance …

WT Type 4 Benchmarks for IEC 61400-27-1

2019

Since several years there has been a constant effort at international level for the standardization and the validation of different types of wind turbine (WT) dynamic models. The paper focuses on the IEC 61400-27-1 type 4 model, proposing and fully describing two benchmark systems for the assessment of dynamic performance. The first system is a simple setup and it is designed to specifically assess the transient response of the WT controls. The second system is based on the IEEE 9-bus test system, and it is a multi-machine configuration allowing for the inclusion of the typical power system dynamics of synchronous machines and corresponding primary regulators. System configurations, models …

Deep Residual Neural Network for Child’s Spontaneous Facial Expressions Recognition

2021

Early identification of deficits in emotion recognition and expression skills may prevent low social functioning in adulthood. Deficits in young children’s ability to recognize facial expressions can lead to impairments in social functioning. Kids may need extra help learning to read facial expressions. Most of the earlier efforts consider the problem of emotion recognition in adults; however, ignore the child’s emotions, especially in an unconstrained environment. In this paper, we present progressive light residual learning to classify spontaneous emotion recognition in children. Unlike earlier residual neural network, we reduce the skip connection at the earlier part of the network and i…

Benchmarking open data efforts through indices and rankings: Assessing development and contexts of use

2022

Abstract This paper aims to provide a broad perspective on the development of benchmarking open data efforts through indices and rankings over the years, both at the level of countries and allowing for a cross-country comparison. The methodology follows a systematic search for the relevant resources, their classification and identification of six open data benchmarks to be further analyzed, the identification of their key components through decomposition, their description, and identifying the similarities and differences. Three major groups of indices and four periods that characterize the efforts to benchmark and measure the development of open data are identified, where the first measure…