Search results for "Beneficial effects"
showing 10 items of 80 documents
Cannabinoids in the management of spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis.
2008
Anna Maria Malfitano, Maria Chiara Proto, Maurizio BifulcoDipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di SalernoAbstract: The endocannabinoid system and cannabinoid-based treatments have been involved in a wide number of diseases. In particular, several studies suggest that cannabinoids and endocannabinoids may have a key role in the pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study we highlight the main findings reported in literature about the relevance of cannabinoid drugs in the management and treatment of MS. An increasing body of evidence suggests that cannabinoids have beneficial effects on the symptoms of MS, including spasticity and pai…
RootsGLOH2: embedding RootSIFT 'square rooting' in sGLOH2
2020
This study introduces an extension of the shifting gradient local orientation histogram doubled (sGLOH2) local image descriptor inspired by RootSIFT ‘square rooting’ as a way to indirectly alter the matching distance used to compare the descriptor vectors. The extended descriptor, named RootsGLOH2, achieved the best results in terms of matching accuracy and robustness among the latest state-of-the-art non-deep descriptors in recent evaluation contests dealing with both planar and non-planar scenes. RootsGLOH2 also achieves a matching accuracy very close to that obtained by the best deep descriptors to date. Beside confirming that ‘square rooting’ has beneficial effects on sGLOH2 as it happe…
Income structure, profitability and risk in the European banking sector: The impact of the crisis
2017
This study sets out to analyse whether the effect of the income structure on the risk and profitability of European banks has changed as a result of the crisis and if it varies according to banks’ specialisation in a particular type of banking business. To do so, it estimates the income structure over the period 2002–2012 using data for a panel of European banks. The study also examines if there are differences between investment-oriented banks and banks specialising in financial intermediation in terms of the effect of income structure on risk and profitability. Our findings show that an increase in the share of non-interest income has a negative impact on profitability, although the effec…
Psychophysiological effects of oxytocin on parent-child interactions: A literature review on oxytocin and parent-child interactions
2017
Oxytocin (OT), often called the “hormone of love” or “hormone of attachment”, plays a fundamental role in the establishment and quality of parent-infant bonding. However, emerging evidence indicates that OT can also produce antisocial behavior. To clarify these effects, we review studies examining the role of endogenous and exogenous OT on several determinants of attachment: parental sensitivity, and bonding or synchrony in parent–child dyads. Contextual and individual factors moderating the effect of intranasal OT (INOT) and its peripheral levels are also reviewed. Finally, potential therapeutic applications for OT and current limitations in human OT research are examined. This systematic …
Physical activity, physical fitness, diet and the health in young people
2012
The beneficial effects of appropriate physical activity(PA), physical fitness,and diet during adult life are well-documented but the potential of appropriate PA,physical fitness,and diet to confer benefits on health and well-being during childhood and adolescence has not been explored fully.Recognizing the value of critical reviews of the extant literature in providing a foundation for future research,the Journal of Sport and Health Science(JSHS) has commissioned two Special Issues devoted
Aerobic fitness, but not physical activity, is associated with grey matter volume in adolescents.
2019
Higher levels of aerobic fitness and physical activity are linked to beneficial effects on brain health, especially in older adults. The generalizability of these earlier results to young individuals is not straightforward, because physiological responses (such as cardiovascular responses) to exercise may depend on age. Earlier studies have mostly focused on the effects of either physical activity or aerobic fitness on the brain. Yet, while physical activity indicates the amount of activity, aerobic fitness is an adaptive state or attribute that an individual has or achieves. Here, by measuring both physical activity and aerobic fitness in the same study, we aimed to differentiate the assoc…
Pharmacological properties of physical exercise in the elderly.
2013
Scientific evidence links physical activity to several benefits. Recently, we proposed the idea that exercise can be regarded as a drug. As with many drugs, dosage is of great importance. However, to issue a public recommendation of physical activity in aging is not an easy task. Exercise in the elderly needs to be carefully tailored and individualized with the specific objectives of the person or group in mind. The beneficial effects of exercise in two of the main age-related diseases, sarcopenia and Alzheimer's Disease, are dealt with at the beginning of this report. Subsequently, dosage of exercise and the molecular signaling pathways involved in its adaptations are discussed. Exercise a…
‘If-then’ but when? Effects of implementation intentions on children’s and adolescents’ prospective memory
2021
Abstract Prospective memory (PM), the ability to initiate and implement delayed intentions, increases across childhood and adolescence. Previous evidence on older adults indicated beneficial effects of implementation intentions (an encoding strategy) on individuals’ PM performance; especially when cognitive control demands were high and availability of cognitive resources low. This research program set out to investigate the impact of implementation intentions on children’s and adolescents’ PM while simultaneously varying cognitive control demands of the PM paradigm. Across two studies, implementation intention encoding was contrasted with standard encoding. In addition, Study 1 manipulated…
Control of MicroRNA Expression as a New Way for Resveratrol To Deliver Its Beneficial Effects
2012
Grapes produce large amounts of polyphenols. Many of them accumulate in the skin, pulp, and seeds and are consequently found in wine. The health benefits of a moderate consumption of wine have been attributed at least in part to grape's polyphenols. Among them, resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a phytoalexin that stimulates plant cell defenses against infections and also plays protective roles in humans, where it delays cardiovascular alterations and exerts anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite numerous studies, the molecular mechanisms of resveratrol action are only partially understood. Given its pleiotropic effects, it was previously suggested that resveratrol protec…
Current Evidence on Physiological Activity and Expected Health Effects of Kombucha Fermented Beverage
2013
Consumption of kombucha fermented tea (KT) has always been associated with different health benefits. Many personal experiences and testimonials of KT drinkers are available throughout the world on the ability of KT to protect against a vast number of metabolic and infectious diseases, but very little scientific evidence is available that validates the beneficial effects of KT. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the recent studies in search of experimental confirmation of the numerous KT health-promoting aspects cited previously. Analysis of the literature data is carried out in correspondence to the recent concepts of health protection's requirements. Attention is given to th…