Search results for "Biodegradability"

Processability and biodegradation of wood/biopolymer composites

2008

A route to simple nonionic surfactants

2016

AbstractA method for the synthesis of nonionic surfactants – N-alkyl-O-(2-hydroxyethyl) carbamates is proposed by acylation of fatty amines with ethylene carbonate without any solvent or catalyst. The surface tension of the prepared surfactants was measured, toxicity and biodegradability were determined for the surfactant with n-dodecyl as a hydrophobic group and N-monosubstituted amide and hydroxyl groups for their hydrophilic part.

Enantioseparations with polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases in HPLC. Application to the enantioselective evaluation of the biodegradability…

2023

The chiral nature of living systems has obvious implications for the biologically active compounds that interact with them. At the molecular level, chirality represents an intrinsic property of the essential building blocks of life, such as amino acids and sugars, and therefore, of peptides, proteins, enzymes, carbohydrates, nucleosides and a number of alkaloids and hormones. As a consequence, processes mediated by biological systems are stereochemistry-sensitive, and a pair of enantiomers can have different effects on living organisms. The scientific community has been studying the implications of chirality for life for more than a century. Today, it is still a topic of active research and…

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and Copolymers: A Review on Recent Progresses in Biomedical Applications.

2017

The innate ability of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) thermo-responsive hydrogel to copolymerize and to graft synthetic polymers and biomolecules, in conjunction with the highly controlled methods of radical polymerization which are now available, have expedited the widespread number of papers published in the last decade—especially in the biomedical field. Therefore, PNIPAAm-based hydrogels are extensively investigated for applications on the controlled delivery of active molecules, in self-healing materials, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, or in the smart encapsulation of cells. The most promising polymers for biodegradability enhancement of PNIPAAm hydrogels are probably…

Assessment of landfill leachate biodegradability and treatability by means of allochthonous and autochthonous biomasses

2020

Abstract The biodegradability and treatability of a young (3 years old) municipal landfill leachate was evaluated by means of chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractionation tests, based on respirometric techniques. The tests were performed using two different biomasses: one cultivated from the raw leachate (autochthonous biomass) and the other collected from a conventional municipal wastewater treatment plant after its acclimation to leachate (allochthonous biomass). The long term performances of the two biomasses were also studied. The results demonstrated that the amount of biodegradable COD in the leachate was strictly dependent on the biomass that was used to perform the fractionation tests…

Waterless Cleaning Compositions with Disinfection Properties: Efficacy and Environmental Aspects / Bezûdens Tîrîðanas Lîdzekïi Ar Dezinficçjoðo Iedar…

2015

Abstract The microbial ecology of different indoor environments determines the human microbiome. Hence, cleaning and disinfection of indoor environments like hospitals, apartments, automobiles, etc. are of great importance. Nonaqueous surface cleaning preparations (SCPs) are often used for this purpose. A cleaning composition may contain the following compounds: primary surfactant, cosurfactant, solvent, cosolvent, organotropic (organic solubilizing) agent, hydrotropic (water solubilising) agent, water and salts, and special additives. In this paper, the efficacy of complex preparations is discussed, focusing on the chemical composition and testing methods. Particular attention is paid to q…

Evaluation of biodegradability on polyaspartamide-polylactic acid based nanoparticles by chemical hydrolysis studies

2015

Here, the synthesis of two graft copolymers based on ?,?-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D,L-aspartamide (PHEA) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA), the O-(2-aminoethyl)-O'-galactosyl polyethylene glycol (GAL-PEG-NH2) or the methoxypolyethylene glycol amine (H2N-PEG-OCH3) is described. Starting from the obtained PHEA-PLA-PEG-GAL and PHEA-PLA-PEG copolymers, polymeric nanoparticles were prepared by high pressure homogenization-solvent evaporation method. To demonstrate their biodegradability as a function of the matrix composition, a chemical stability study was carried out until 21 days by incubating systems in two media mimicking physiological compartments (pH 7.4 and pH 5.5). The degradability of both nan…

Biodegradable polymer-wood flour composites: main properties and biodegradability

2009

During the last years, a considerably increasing rate of attention has arisen on biodegradable polymers. In the meanwhile, the use of wood-plastic composites (WPC) has grown in importance, especially in the United States. The combination of biodegradable polymers and wood-based fillers allows obtaining the typical advantages achievable with the use of WPCs, with the further advantage of the biodegradability and compostability of the matrix (and not only of the filler). In this work, the characterization and the biodegradability assessment of Mater-Bi®-wood flour composites have been carried out.

Characterization and biodegradability of biodegradable polymer-wood flour composites

2008

Poly lactic acid based scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering

2012

A critical obstacle encountered by tissue engineering is the inability to maintain large masses of living cells upon transfer from the in vitro culture conditions to host in vivo. Capillaries, and the vascular system, are required to supply essential nutrients, including oxygen, remove waste products and provide a biochemical communication "highway". The successful use of tissue-engineered constructs is currently limited to thin or avascular tissues, such as skin or cartilage, for which post-implantation neovascularisation from the host is sufficient to meet the demand for oxygen and nutrients. To succeed in the application of tissue engineering for bigger tissues, such as bone or muscle, t…