Search results for "Biological physics"

showing 10 items of 153 documents

Phospholipid monolayers at water∣oil interfaces: theoretical modelling of surface pressure–molecular area isotherms

1998

Abstract The phospholipid adsorption and surface pressure–molecular area isotherms at interfaces are interpreted theoretically from two-dimensional (2D) lattice and real gas models that incorporate a minimum number of adjustable parameters. The first model is based on the lattice statistics of binary solutions and the molecular parameters introduced are the energy changes involved in the mixing process of the phospholipid and organic solvent molecules and the effective phospholipid head area. The surface pressure is interpreted in terms of the difference between the two liquid surface tensions. The second model makes use of (i) a non-localised adsorption model with a square-well potential e…

Physics::Biological PhysicsReal gasChromatographyChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringPhospholipidThermodynamicsInteraction energySurface pressurePotential energyAnalytical ChemistryCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionMonolayerElectrochemistrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Physics::Chemical PhysicsOrder of magnitudeJournal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
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Exciton description of chlorosome to baseplate excitation energy transfer in filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs and green sulfur bacteria.

2013

A description of intra-chlorosome and from chlorosome to baseplate excitation energy transfer in green sulfur bacteria and in filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs is presented. Various shapes and sizes, single and multiwalled tubes, cylindrical spirals and lamellae of the antenna elements mimicking pigment organization in chlorosomes were generated by using molecular mechanics calculations, and the absorption, LD, and CD spectra of these were predicted by using exciton theory. Calculated absorption and LD spectra were similar for all modeled antenna structures; on the contrary, CD spectra turned out to be sensitive to the size and pigment orientations in the antenna. It was observed that, bri…

Physics::Biological PhysicsTime FactorsPhototrophbiologyChemistryExcitonChlorosomeModels Theoreticalbiology.organism_classificationMolecular physicsAnoxygenic photosynthesisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsChlorobiCrystallographyBacterial ProteinsEnergy TransferGreen sulfur bacteriaMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAntenna (radio)Organic ChemicalsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)ta116BacteriochlorophyllsExcitationThe journal of physical chemistry. B
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Modelling excitonic energy transfer in the photosynthetic unit of purple bacteria

2009

Abstract Molecular mechanics and quantum chemical configuration interaction calculations in combination with exciton theory were used to predict vibronic energies and eigenstates of light harvesting antennae and the reaction centre and to evaluate excitation energy transfer rates in the photosynthetic unit of purple bacteria. Excitation energy transfer rates were calculated by using the transition matrix formalism and exciton basis sets of the interacting antenna systems. Energy transfer rates of 600–800 fs from B800 ring to B850 ring in the LH2 antenna, 3–10 ps from LH2 to LH2 antenna, 2–8 ps from LH2 to LH1 antenna and finally 30–70 ps from LH1 to the reaction centre were obtained. Depend…

Physics::Biological PhysicsbiologyChemistryExcitonStochastic matrixGeneral Physics and AstronomyConfiguration interactionbiology.organism_classificationPhotosynthesisPurple bacteriaPhotosynthetic membranePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsEigenvalues and eigenvectorsExcitationChemical Physics
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Crystal structure of meso-tetrakis(4-nitrophenyl)porphyrin nitrobenzene disolvate

2014

The porphyrin core of the title centrosymmetric compound, C44H26N8O8·2C6H5NO2, is approximately planar, the maximum deviation being 0.069 (3) Å. The planes of the benzene rings of the nitrophenyl substituents are almost perpendicular to the porphyrin mean plane, making dihedral angles of 73.89 (9) and 89.24 (9)°. The two pyrrole ring H atoms are equally disordered over the four pyrrole ring N atoms. In the crystal, weak C—H...O and C—H...N hydrogen bonds link the porphyrin molecules into a three-dimensional supramolecular network. The nitrobenzene solvent molecules are linked by weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds into supramolecular chains propagating along thea-axis direction.

Physics::Biological Physicscrystal structureHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureDihedral angleCondensed Matter PhysicsRing (chemistry)Bioinformaticssupra­molecular chainsporphyrinshydrogen bondingPorphyrinData Reports3. Good healthsupramolecular chainsCrystallcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistrylcsh:QD1-999NitroGeneral Materials SciencePyrroleActa Crystallographica Section E
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Control of the electronic energy transfer pathway between two single fluorophores by dual pulse excitation.

2009

We report on the control of the energy transfer pathway in individual donor-acceptor dyads by proper timing of light pulses matching the donor and acceptor transition frequencies, respectively. Excitation of both chromophores at virtually the same time induces efficient singlet-singlet annihilation, whereby excitation energy effectively flows from the acceptor to the donor. The dual pulse excitation scheme implemented here allows for all-optical switching of the fluorescence intensity at the single-molecule level. The population of higher excited states at the donor site was found to significantly increase the photobleaching probability.

Physics::Biological Physicseducation.field_of_studyMaterials sciencePopulationGeneral Physics and AstronomyP680ChromophorePhotobleachingAcceptorCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceFörster resonance energy transferExcited statePhysics::Chemical PhysicsAtomic physicseducationExcitationPhysical review letters
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Structure of Polymer Brushes in Cylindrical Tubes: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation

2006

Molecular Dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained bead-spring model of flexible macromolecules tethered with one end to the surface of a cylindrical pore are presented. Chain length $N$ and grafting density $\sigma$ are varied over a wide range and the crossover from ``mushroom'' to ``brush'' behavior is studied for three pore diameters. The monomer density profile and the distribution of the free chain ends are computed and compared to the corresponding model of polymer brushes at flat substrates. It is found that there exists a regime of $N$ and $\sigma$ for large enough pore diameter where the brush height in the pore exceeds the brush height on the flat substrate, while for large enoug…

Polymers and PlasticsFOS: Physical sciencesSubstrate (electronics)Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterInorganic ChemistryQuantitative Biology::Subcellular Processeschemistry.chemical_compoundColloidMolecular dynamicsPolymer chemistryMaterials Chemistrychemistry.chemical_classificationPhysics::Biological PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesOrganic ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMonomerComputer Science::GraphicschemistryChemical physicsExcluded volumeSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Layer (electronics)Macromolecule
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Conformations, Transverse Fluctuations and Crossover Dynamics of a Semi-Flexible Chain in Two Dimensions

2014

We present a unified scaling description for the dynamics of monomers of a semiflexible chain under good solvent condition in the free draining limit. We consider both the cases where the contour length $L$ is comparable to the persistence length $\ell_p$ and the case $L\gg \ell_p$. Our theory captures the early time monomer dynamics of a stiff chain characterized by $t^{3/4}$ dependence for the mean square displacement(MSD) of the monomers, but predicts a first crossover to the Rouse regime of $t^{2\nu/{1+2\nu}}$ for $\tau_1 \sim \ell_p^3$, and a second crossover to the purely diffusive dynamics for the entire chain at $\tau_2 \sim L^{5/2}$. We confirm the predictions of this scaling descr…

PolymersCrossoverMolecular ConformationGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesMolecular Dynamics SimulationCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterChain (algebraic topology)Statistical physicsPhysics - Biological PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryScalingBrownian motionPhysicsPersistence lengthQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMathematics::Functional AnalysisModels TheoreticalSolutionsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMean squared displacementLennard-Jones potentialBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)SolventsBrownian dynamicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
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A Characterization of Quintic Helices

2005

A polynomial curve of degree 5, @a, is a helix if and only if both @[email protected]^'@? and @[email protected]^'@[email protected]^''@? are polynomial functions.

PolynomialTheorem of LancreteducationComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTINGCharacterization (mathematics)behavioral disciplines and activitiesMathematics::Algebraic TopologyCombinatoricsMathematics - Geometric TopologyTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYhealth services administrationComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATIONFOS: Mathematicshealth care economics and organizationsMathematicsPhysics::Biological PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesDegree (graph theory)InformationSystems_INFORMATIONSYSTEMSAPPLICATIONSApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisGeometric Topology (math.GT)Pythagorean hodograph curveshumanitiesQuintic functionComputational MathematicsGeneralized polynomial helices
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Reconstructing the free-energy landscape of Met-enkephalin using dihedral principal component analysis and well-tempered metadynamics

2013

Well-Tempered Metadynamics (WTmetaD) is an efficient method to enhance the reconstruction of the free-energy surface of proteins. WTmetaD guarantees a faster convergence in the long time limit in comparison with the standard metadynamics. It still suffers however from the same limitation, i.e. the non trivial choice of pertinent collective variables (CVs). To circumvent this problem, we couple WTmetaD with a set of CVs generated from a dihedral Principal Component Analysis (dPCA) on the Ramachadran dihedral angles describing the backbone structure of the protein. The dPCA provides a generic method to extract relevant CVs built from internal coordinates. We illustrate the robustness of this …

Protein ConformationSurface PropertiesEnkephalin MethionineFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyDihedral angle01 natural scienceslaw.invention03 medical and health scienceslaw0103 physical sciencesComputer SimulationCartesian coordinate systemPhysics - Biological PhysicsStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryProtein secondary structureReference modelComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biologyMathematicsPrincipal Component AnalysisQuantitative Biology::Biomolecules0303 health sciences010304 chemical physicsMetadynamicsEnergy landscapeBiomolecules (q-bio.BM)Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryQuantitative Biology - BiomoleculesBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)FOS: Biological sciencesPrincipal component analysis[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsThermodynamicsEnergy MetabolismAlgorithmsOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)Ramachandran plot
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Dynamics of closed ecosystems described by operators

2014

Abstract We adopt the so-called occupation number representation , originally used in quantum mechanics and recently adopted in the description of several classical systems, in the analysis of the dynamics of some models of closed ecosystems. In particular, we discuss two linear models, for which the solution can be found analytically, and a nonlinear system, for which we produce numerical results. We also discuss how a dissipative effect could be effectively implemented in the model.

Pure mathematicsHeisenberg-like dynamicsEcological ModelingClosed ecological systemDynamics (mechanics)Linear modelFOS: Physical sciencesFermionic operatorClosed ecosystemNonlinear systemNumber representationBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)Dissipative systemStatistical physicsPhysics - Biological PhysicsClosed ecosystems; Fermionic operators; Heisenberg-like dynamicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaMathematics
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