Search results for "Biome"
showing 10 items of 4164 documents
The interplay between the host microbiome and pathogenic viral infections
2021
The microorganisms associated with an organism, the microbiome, have a strong and wide impact in their host biology. In particular, the microbiome modulates both the host defense responses and immunity, thus influencing the fate of infections by pathogens. Indeed, this immune modulation and/or interaction with pathogenic viruses can be essential to define the outcome of viral infections. Understanding the interplay between the microbiome and pathogenic viruses opens future venues to fight viral infections and enhance the efficacy of antiviral therapies. An increasing number of researchers are focusing on microbiome-virus interactions, studying diverse combinations of microbial communities, …
Single-chain antibodies against a plant viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase confer virus resistance.
2004
Crop loss due to viral diseases is still a major problem for agriculture today. We present a strategy to achieve virus resistance based on the expression of single-chain Fv fragments (scFvs) against a conserved domain in a plant viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), a key enzyme in virus replication. The selected scFvs inhibited complementary RNA synthesis of different plant virus RdRps in vitro and virus replication in planta. Moreover, the scFvs also bound to the RdRp of the distantly related hepatitis C virus. T(1) and T(2) progeny of transgenic lines of Nicotiana benthamiana expressing different scFvs either in the cytosol or in the endoplasmic reticulum showed varying degrees of r…
Inertiaalianturit juoksun biomekaniikan tutkimisessa - vertailu perinteisiin analysointimenetelmiin
2013
Juoksutekniikan analysoimisessa käytetään usein liikeanalyysiä ja voimalevyjä, joiden avulla voidaan saada tarkkaa tietoa juoksun biomekaniikasta. Viime aikoina on kuitenkin kehitelty myös uusia laitteita, joilla juoksutekniikan analysoiminen onnistuu harjoitusolosuhteissa helposti. Yksi tälläinen laite on Runteq Oy:n kehittämä RunLab™-laite, joka antaa palautetta juoksutekniikasta perustuen inertiaaliantureihin. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli validoida RunLab™- laite juoksun vertikaalisen liikkeen, tukiajan ja nopeuden hidastumisen kontaktin aikana mittaamisessa. Biomekaanisia muuttujia mitattiin voimalevyjä, 3D- liikeanalyysiä sekä RunLab™-laittetta käyttäen. Tutkimuksessa oli aktiiv…
Palautteenantojärjestelmä mäkihypyssä
2011
Malinen, Jukka. 2011. Palautteenantojärjestelmä mäkihypyssä. Biomekaniikan pro gradu -tutkielma. Liikuntabiologian laitos. Jyväskylän yliopisto. 40 s. Mäkihypyssä palautteenanto on tavallisesti perustunut valmentajan kokemukseen analysoida suoritus silmämääräisesti hypyn aikana ja/tai jälkeenpäin videokuvasta. Urheilijoiden saama palaute on siis voinut vaihdella valmentajasta riippuen. Tästä lähtökohdasta haluttiin faktatietoon perustuva palautteenanto valmennukseen. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli suunnitella ja toteuttaa mäkihypyn valmennustilanteen palautteenantojärjestelmä, sijoittaa se Vuokatin HS100 hyppyrimäkeen ja testata sen toimivuus. Lisäksi valmista järjestelmää hyväksi käyt…
Highly sensitive olfactory biosensors for the detection of volatile organic compounds by surface plasmon resonance imaging
2018
International audience; Nowadays, monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is very important in various domains. In this work, we aimed to develop sensitive olfactory biosensors using odorant binding proteins (OBPs) as sensing materials. Three rat OBP3 derivatives with customized binding properties were designed and immobilized on the same chip for the detection of VOCs in solution by surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi). We demonstrated that the proteins kept their binding properties after the immobilization under optimized conditions. The obtained olfactory biosensors exhibited very low limits of detection in both concentration (200pM of beta-ionone) and in molecular weight of …
Force transmission and interactions between synergistic muscles
2023
The classical view of muscles as independent motors has been challenged over the past decades. An alternative view has emerged in which muscles are not isolated but embedded in a three-dimensional connective tissue network that links them to adjacent muscles and other non-muscular structures in the body. Animal studies showing that the forces measured at the distal and proximal ends of a muscle are not equal have provided undisputable evidence that these connective tissue linkages are strong enough to serve as an extra pathway for muscular force transmission. In this historical review, we first introduce the terminology and anatomy related to these pathways of muscle force transmission and …
The Effects of Cold Water Immersion on the Recovery of Drop Jump Performance and Mechanics : A Pilot Study in Under-20 Soccer Players
2020
Cold water immersion (CWI) is a popular method used for enhancing recovery from exercise. However, the efficacy of this approach is inconclusive and studies investigating variables contributing to overall performance are scarce. Additionally, few studies have investigated the recovery of stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) performance after a fatiguing SSC task. The SSC occurs naturally in human locomotion and induces a recovery pattern different from isolated muscle contractions (e.g., pure eccentric exercise). Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a single CWI on jumping performance and mechanics after exhaustive SSC exercise. On a sledge apparatus, 10 male un…
Foot loading in normal and pathological walking
2002
Perusteellinen kävely- ja kuormitusanalyysi on usein tarpeellinen jalkaongelmissa, jotta mahdollinen tukien ja ortoosien valinta sekä alaraajoihin kohdistuvien leikkausten jälkeinen kuntoutus pystytään suorittamaan parhaalla mahdollisella tavalla, toteaa Jarmo Perttunen väitöstutkimuksessaan. Kävelijä tuottaa tukivaiheen aikana alustaan voimia pysty- ja vaakasuunnassa, joita on perinteisesti mitattu voimalevyantureilla. Ne eivät pysty yksistään erottelemaan kuormitusta jalkapohjan eri osien välillä riittävän täsmällisesti. Kiinnostus selvittää kuormitus tarkasti on johtanut kehityksen alkeellisista jalkapohjan mustekuvista hyvin pieniin kengän sisälle asetettaviin mittausantureihin. Perttus…
Development of an immunochromatographic assay based on carbon nanoparticles for the determination of the phytoregulator forchlorfenuron
2013
Rapid analytical methods enabling the determination of diverse targets are essential in a number of research areas, from clinical diagnostics to feed and food quality and safety. Herein, the development of a quantitative immunochromatographic assay for the detection of the synthetic phytoregulator forchlorfenuron (CPPU) is described. The competitive lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was based on the immobilization onto a nitrocellulose membrane of an ovalbumin-CPPU conjugate (test line) and on the use of an immunodetection ligand consisting of carbon nanoparticles labeled with an anti-CPPU monoclonal antibody through interaction with a secondary antibody. The presence of CPPU in horticultural…
Wildflowers: opportunities for urban landscapes
2022
The concept of “sustainability” is also becoming of great interest in the management of ornamental and territorial greenery. The new trends in the design of green spaces are aimed both at enhancing their “natural” aspects and at researching schemes characterized by lower maintenance costs. Spontaneous vegetation represents a characteristic component of the urban environment and is always adequate to the conditions of the site in which it is located. In this context, the role of spontaneous herbaceous plants becomes fundamental and constitutes an effective response to the current demand for the defence, conservation and enhancement of biodiversity. So far, the use of spontaneous vegetation f…