Search results for "Biomedical engineering"

Modeling the pelvic region for non-invasive pelvic intraoperative neuromonitoring

2016

Abstract Finite element analysis (FEA) of electric current distribution in the pelvis minor may help to assess the usability of non-invasive surface stimulation for continuous pelvic intraoperative neuromonitoring. FEA requires generation of quality volumetric tetrahedral mesh geometry. This study proposes the generation of a suitable mesh based on MRI data. The resulting volumetric mesh models the autonomous nerve structures at risk during total mesorectal excision. The model also contains the bone, cartilage, fat, skin, muscle tissues of the pelvic region, and a set of electrodes for surface stimulation. The model is ready for finite element analysis of the discrete Maxwell’s equations.

CAPD + Hemoperfusion Once a Week for End Stage Renal Disease

1982

Biomechanical evaluation of a new treatment method for distal tibia fractures

2015

Distal tibial fractures are often the result of high-energy impacts combined with excessive soft tissue injury. Treatment options include either open reduction and internal fixation usually as a mi...

Aspheric intraocular lenses enhance contrast sensitivity

2007

Evaluation of: Pandita D, Raj SM, Vasavada VA, Vasavada VA, Kazi NS, Vasavada AR. Contrast sensitivity and glare disability after implantation of AcrySof IQ natural aspherical intraocular lens: pro...

Impact accelerations during a prolonged run using a microwavable self-customised foot orthosis

2021

The use of custom-made foot orthoses has been associated with numerous benefits, such as decreased impact accelerations. However, it is not known whether this effect could be due to better customisation. The present study analysed the effects of the first generation of  a microwavable prefabricated self-customised foot orthosis vs. a prefabricated standard one on impact accelerations throughout a prolonged run. Thirty runners performed two tests of 30-min running on a treadmill, each one with an orthosis condition. Impact acceleration variables of tibia and head were recorded every 5 min. Microwavable self-customised foot orthosis increased the following variables in the first instants comp…

Plantar pressure distribution during running with a self-customized foot orthosis in a home microwave.

2021

The individualization of a custom-made foot orthosis could provide improvements in plantar loading distribution regarding a prefabricated one. However, not all runners can afford it because of its high cost. A new type of low-cost prefabricated foot orthoses with self-customization could be the solution. The aim of the study was to evaluate if self-customized prefabricated foot orthoses (SCFO) could improve plantar pressure distribution with respect to generic prefabricated ones without customization, during the intense prolonged running. Thirty healthy recreational runners performed two tests of 30 min running on a treadmill, each one with a foot orthosis condition, on different days. Mean…

Modelling cardiac mechanics of left ventricular noncompaction

2020

Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) can be defined as a cardiomyopathy characterised by a pattern of prominent trabecular structure and deep intertrabecular recesses, that is thought to be caused by an arrest of normal endomyocardial morphogenesis. Using patient-specific computational modelling, we assessed the cardiac mechanics of five patients with LVNC and compared myocardial stress and pump performance to those of healthy controls. Findings shown that patients with LVNC have impaired left ventricular (LV) function, making it possible that the lack of fibre shortening of noncompacted layer can determine poor heart function. Pronounced end-systolic wall stress on left ventricular wall o…

Endoscope-assisted Craniotomy

1995

We describe a surgical technique to improve visualization of deep brain structures during craniotomy. The technique, developed in a cadaveric model, combines the use of an operating microscope and a solid-rod lens endoscope. Addition of the endoscope during craniotomy allows the operator to visualize structures that otherwise might not have been seen. An approach to the brain stem is demonstrated.

Nutrition and dry eye: a systematic review

2019

Objective: To identify the clinical evidence in the literature about the relationship between nutrition or dietary supplements and dry eye syndrome.Methods: A systematic review was performed after ...

The joint structure–function dynamics of glaucoma progression

2015

While the presence and rate of glaucoma progression influence treatment decisions, the methods currently available to detect and monitor progression are imprecise and do not allow clinicians to make accurate assessments of the status of their patients. Models that focus on combining structural and functional parameters may improve our ability to detect and monitor glaucoma progression. Several of these models, however, are limited by their reliance on population statistics and on the static assumptions they make about the nature of glaucoma progression. Dynamic modeling of glaucoma progression may lead to a better understanding of glaucoma progression that could eventually translate into ma…