Search results for "Biomedical"
showing 10 items of 2328 documents
Evaluation of the primary stability in dental implants placed in low density bone with a new drilling technique, osseodensification: an in vitro study
2020
Background Primary stability is an important key determinant of implant osseointegration. We investigated approaches to improve primary implant stability using a new drilling technique termed osseodensification (OD), which was compared with the conventional under-drilling (UD) method utilized for low-density bones. Material and Methods We placed 55 conical internal connection implants in each group, in 30 low-density sections of pig tibia. The implants were placed using twist drill bits in both groups; groups Under Drilling (UD) and Osseodensification (OD) included bone sections subjected to conventional UD and OD drilling, respectively. Before placing the implants, we randomized the bone s…
Cytotoxicity investigations of plasma sprayed calcium phosphate coatings
1994
One potential alternative material to replace hydroxyapatite (HAp) as a coating material for plasma-sprayed coatings on implants for hip replacement is fluorapatite (FAp). FAp has advantages over HAp regarding the capability of being chemically stable during the coating process. This leads to surface coatings containing high apatite rates with a mechanical stability (bond strength, microhardness) comparable to HAp. From the technical point of view the production of FAp coatings is well investigated, although studies on biocompatibility of FAp coatings are fewer. This paper reports the production of HAp and FAp coatings with varying solubilities by plasma spraying and their in vitro cytotoxi…
Spacers and Valved Holding Chambers—The Risk of Switching to Different Chambers
2020
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Paradigmatic crisis and biomedical research
2016
International audience
Non-uniformity of displacement and strain within the Achilles tendon is affected by joint angle configuration and differential muscle loading.
2020
Although the Achilles tendon (AT) has been studied for more than a century, a complete understanding of the mechanical and functional consequences of AT structural organization is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to assess how joint angle configuration affects subtendon displacement and strain of soleus (SOL) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscles. Knots sutured onto SOL and LG subtendons of 12 Wistar rats, were videotaped to quantify displacements and the ankle torque was assessed for different isometric activation conditions (i.e., individual and simultaneous) of the triceps surae muscles. Changing ankle and knee joint angle affected the magnitude of displacement, relative dis…
Mechanical Coupling Between Muscle-Tendon Units Reduces Peak Stresses
2017
The presence of mechanical linkages between synergistic muscles and their common tendons may distribute forces among the involved structures. We review studies, using humans and other animals, examining muscle and tendon interactions and discuss the hypothesis that connections between muscle bellies and within tendons may serve as a mechanism to distribute forces and mitigate peak stresses. peerReviewed
Transparency in transactive energy at distribution level
2017
A recent report from the German Energy Agency analyzes the possible introduction of the blockchain technology in energy transactions in power distribution. The issue deserves attention since the extensive digitalization of business models puts new challenges to utilities in the power sector. The German decision makers in the energy field claim that blockchain appears as a close perspective and, at the same time, the Gartner hypecycle puts this technology at the peak of inflated expectations in 2016. Diffuse perception however provides hints for further investigation on the topic. This paper provides insight into the problem of peer-to-peer energy exchange from a technical perspective, provi…
Clinical evaluation of automated capillary refill time estimation in dogs and cats
2019
In this study, we clinically evaluated a pulse oximeter-based device for automated capillary refill time (CRT) estimation in dogs and cats. CRT can reveal conditions like shock or anemia in dogs and cats. However, visual CRT estimation has low repeatability, and the available optical systems for automated estimation are not suitable for pets. We evaluated a custom-made portable CRT measuring device on various measurement sites of 12 dogs and 11 cats with parallel visual CRT estimation on the gum by treating veterinarian. The capillary refill was also recorded by a video camera for reference. The visual and video procedures were moderately correlated with the coefficient of 0.61; visual CRT …
The role of expert evaluation for microsleep detection
2015
Abstract Recently, it has been shown by overnight driving simulation studies that microsleep density is the only known sleepiness indicator which rapidly increases within a few seconds immediately before sleepiness related crashes. This indicator is based solely on EEG and EOG and subsequent adaptive pattern recognition. Accurate microsleep recognition is very important for the performance of this sleepiness indicator. The question is whether expensive evaluations of microsleep events by a) experts are necessary or b) non-experts provide sufficient evaluations. Based on 11,114 microsleep events in case a) and 12,787 in case b) recognition accuracies were investigated utilizing (i) artificia…
Thermodynamics and Biophysics of Biomedical Nanosystems Applications and Practical Considerations
2019
This book highlights the recent advances of thermodynamics and biophysics in drug delivery nanosystems and in biomedical nanodevices. The up-to-date book provides an in-depth knowledge of bio-inspired nanotechnological systems for pharmaceutical applications. Biophysics and thermodynamics, supported by mathematics, are the locomotive by which the drug transportation and the targeting processes will be achieved under the light of the modern pharmacotherapy. They are considered as scientific tools that promote the understanding of physicochemical and thermotropic functionality and behavior of artificial cell membranes and structures like nanoparticulate systems. Therefore, this book focusses …