Search results for "Biosynthesi"
showing 10 items of 526 documents
Transcriptome analysis of Pseudomonas mediterranea and P. corrugata plant pathogens during accumulation of medium-chain-length PHAs by glycerol bioco…
2017
Pseudomonas corrugata and P. mediterranea are soil inhabitant bacteria, generally living as endophytes on symptomless plants and bare soil, but also capable of causing plant diseases. They share a similar genome size and a high proteome similarity. P. corrugata produces many biomolecules which play an important role in bacterial cell survival and fitness. Both species produce different medium-chain-length PHAs (mcl-PHAs) from the bioconversion of glycerol to a transparent film in P. mediterranea and a sticky elastomer in P. corrugata. In this work, using RNA-seq we investigated the transcriptional profiles of both bacteria at the early stationary growth phase with glycerol as the carbon sou…
Biosynthesis of ecdysones in isolated prothoracic glands and oenocytes of Tenebrio molitor in vitro.
1974
Abstract Isolated prothoracic glands from Tenebrio larvae synthesize in vitro α-ecdysone, but not β-ecdysone from 4-14C-cholesterol. Isolated abdominal oenocytes from the larvae synthesize mainly β-ecdysone, but only little α-ecdysone. When prothoracic glands and oenocytes are cultured together, the α-ecdysone derived from the prothoracic glands is oxidized by the oenocytes to β-ecdysone. The newly synthesized hormones are not stored in the cells, but are secreted into the medium if sufficient amounts of non-labelled hormones are present. If no unlabelled hormones are added to the culture medium, the newly formed hormones are converted to a large extent into polar conjugates.
3D-Ultrastructure, Functions and Stress Responses of Gastropod (Biomphalaria glabrata) Rhogocytes
2014
Rhogocytes are pore cells scattered among the connective tissue of different body parts of gastropods and other molluscs, with great variation in their number, shape and size. They are enveloped by a lamina of extracellular matrix. Their most characteristic feature is the "slit apparatus", local invaginations of the plasma membrane bridged by cytoplasmic bars, forming slits of ca. 20 nm width. A slit diaphragm creates a molecular sieve with permeation holes of 20×20 nm. In blue-blooded gastropods, rhogocytes synthesize and secrete the respiratory protein hemocyanin, and it has been proposed-though not proven-that in the rare red-blooded snail species they might synthesize and secrete the he…
EGTA treatment causes the synthesis of heat shock proteins in sea urchin embryos.
2000
Paracentrotus lividus embryos, at post-blastular stage, when subjected to a rise in temperature from physiologic (20 degrees C) to 31 degrees C, synthesize a large group of heat shock proteins (hsps), and show a severe inhibition of bulk protein synthesis. We show, by mono- and two-dimensional electrophoresis, that also EGTA (ethylene glycol-bis[beta-aminoethyl ether] tetraacetic acid) treatment induces in sea urchin embryos both marked inhibition of bulk protein synthesis and the synthesis of the entire set of hsps. Furthermore, EGTA-treated sea urchin embryos are able to survive at a temperature otherwise lethal (35 degrees C) becoming thermotolerant. Because incubation with a different c…
Metabolic Adaptation and Protein Complexes in Prokaryotes.
2012
Protein complexes are classified and have been charted in several large-scale screening studies in prokaryotes. These complexes are organized in a factory-like fashion to optimize protein production and metabolism. Central components are conserved between different prokaryotes; major complexes involve carbohydrate, amino acid, fatty acid and nucleotide metabolism. Metabolic adaptation changes protein complexes according to environmental conditions. Protein modification depends on specific modifying enzymes. Proteins such as trigger enzymes display condition-dependent adaptation to different functions by participating in several complexes. Several bacterial pathogens adapt rapidly to intrace…
Ethylene-biosynthesis in conifers: Investigations on the emission of ethylene and the content of ACC and MACC in Norway Spruce (Picea abies) and silv…
1998
Abstract The assessment of forest damage is carried out throughout the European Community by evaluation of the loss and yellowing of leaves or needles. The results of this ocular damage diagnosis can be confirmed and stated more precisely by applying biochemical criteria, e.g. by monitoring ethylene, its precursor ACC (1-amino-cyclopropane-carboxylate) and the malonyl conjugate of ACC malonyl-amino-cyclopropane-carboxylate (MACC). Therefore we investigated ethylene emissions well as ACC and MACC contents in six Norway Spruce trees (Picea abies) each of eleven permanently monitored sites in the southwest of Germany. The same examinations were applied with silver fir at two additional sites. …
Effects of Indole-3-Carbinol and Flavonoids Administered Separately and in Combination on Nitric Oxide Production and iNOS Expression in Rats
2010
Beneficial effects of natural compounds are often attributed to modulation of NO production; however effects produced by plant extracts do not correlate with effects of purified components. The goal of our work was to study ability of flavonoids and indole-3-carbinol, as well as their combinations to modify NO production, iNOS gene and protein expression in rat tissues. Baicalein and luteolin decreased NO concentration in both intact and LPS-treated animals. Baicalein decreased iNOS gene expression. Luteolin decreased NO production in the liver and heart and number of iNOS-positive cells in the liver of LPS-treated animals. Combination of the two substances did not decrease the NO synthesis…
The influence of fermentation conditions on biomass composition during ethanol biosynthesis from cheese whey lactose concentrate by Kluyveromyces mar…
2014
Changes of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Oxidase Activity in Stressed Pinus Sylvestris Needles
2001
Stimulation of ethylene biosynthesis in pine needles by hydrogen peroxide and sodium bisulfite coincided with the activation of ACC oxidase at the level of protein synthesis. Decrease in ethylene production at high concentrations of sodium bisulfite (above 7 mM) was apparently due to inhibition of ACC oxidase activity. Treatment of pine needles with aminotriazole caused an inhibition of both ethylene production and ACC oxidase activity. Both methylviologen and methyl jasmonate stimulated ACC oxidase activity in a concentration-dependent manner with no parallel changes in ethylene production. The presented results suggest that ACC oxidase plays an important role in regulation of ethylene for…