Search results for "Biot"
showing 10 items of 8384 documents
Single-chain antibodies against a plant viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase confer virus resistance.
2004
Crop loss due to viral diseases is still a major problem for agriculture today. We present a strategy to achieve virus resistance based on the expression of single-chain Fv fragments (scFvs) against a conserved domain in a plant viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), a key enzyme in virus replication. The selected scFvs inhibited complementary RNA synthesis of different plant virus RdRps in vitro and virus replication in planta. Moreover, the scFvs also bound to the RdRp of the distantly related hepatitis C virus. T(1) and T(2) progeny of transgenic lines of Nicotiana benthamiana expressing different scFvs either in the cytosol or in the endoplasmic reticulum showed varying degrees of r…
Molecular Characterization of a Variant of Bacillus anthracis-Specific Phage AP50 with Improved Bacteriolytic Activity▿ †
2008
ABSTRACT The genome sequence of a Bacillus anthracis -specific clear plaque mutant phage, AP50c, contains 31 open reading frames spanning 14,398 bp, has two mutations compared to wild-type AP50t, and has a colinear genome architecture highly similar to that of gram-positive Tectiviridae phages. Spontaneous AP50c-resistant B. anthracis mutants exhibit a mucoid colony phenotype.
Highly sensitive olfactory biosensors for the detection of volatile organic compounds by surface plasmon resonance imaging
2018
International audience; Nowadays, monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is very important in various domains. In this work, we aimed to develop sensitive olfactory biosensors using odorant binding proteins (OBPs) as sensing materials. Three rat OBP3 derivatives with customized binding properties were designed and immobilized on the same chip for the detection of VOCs in solution by surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi). We demonstrated that the proteins kept their binding properties after the immobilization under optimized conditions. The obtained olfactory biosensors exhibited very low limits of detection in both concentration (200pM of beta-ionone) and in molecular weight of …
Liikunnan biotieteet : tiivistä yhteistyötä ja aktiivista vuoropuhelua
2017
Liikunnan biotieteiden yhteistyö perustieteiden kanssa tiivistyy tulevaisuudessa entisestään, samoin aktiivinen vuoropuhelu liikunnan edistäjien kanssa. Liikunnan ylivertaiset terveysvaikutukset ovat lisänneet myös perustieteiden kiinnostusta selvittää liikunnan vaikutusmekanismeja, mikä tarjoaa mahdollisuuden win-win -yhteistyöhön. Liikuntafysiologian seuraavat merkittävät löydöt ovat odotettavissa mahdollisesti tutkimuksista, joissa uusien tutkimusmenetelmien avulla vertaillaan eri tyyppisen liikunnan vaikutuksia eri elimissä ja niiden välisessä vuorovaikutuksessa. nonPeerReviewed
Complex plant quality—microbiota–population interactions modulate the response of a specialist herbivore to the defence of its host plant
2022
Many specialist herbivores have evolved strategies to cope with plant defences, with gut microbiota potentially participating to such adaptations. In this study, we assessed whether the history of plant use (population origin) and microbiota may interact with plant defence adaptation. We tested whether microbiota enhance the performance of Melitaea cinxia larvae on their host plant, Plantago lanceolata and increase their ability to cope the defensive compounds, iridoid glycosides (IGs). The gut microbiota were significantly affected by both larval population origin and host plant IG level. Contrary to our prediction, impoverishing the microbiota with antibiotic treatment did not reduce larv…
H&E Multi-Laboratory Staining Variance Exploration with Machine Learning
2022
In diagnostic histopathology, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining is a critical process that highlights salient histological features. Staining results vary between laboratories regardless of the histopathological task, although the method does not change. This variance can impair the accuracy of algorithms and histopathologists’ time-to-insight. Investigating this variance can help calibrate stain normalization tasks to reverse this negative potential. With machine learning, this study evaluated the staining variance between different laboratories on three tissue types. We received H&E-stained slides from 66 different laboratories. Each slide contained kidney, skin, and colon tissue sampl…
Farmaceitisko līdzekļu izplatība hidroekosistēmās un to potenciālā ietekme uz ūdens organismiem
2018
Pēdējos gados strauji pieaug vides piesārņojums ar farmaceitiskiem savienojumiem. Tas ļoti piesaista pētnieku uzmanību, jo šie potenciāli bioaktīvie savienojumi var būtiski ietekmēt ūdens kvalitāti un ūdens ekosistēmas, kā arī cilvēka veselību. Pētījuma mērķis ir noteikt ibuprofēnu, paracetamolu (acetaminofēnu), diklofenaku, amoksicilīnu, ipidakrīna hidrohlorīdu, hlorpiramīna hidrohlorīdu un sulpirīdu saturošu preparātu toksiskumu, izmantojot divas biotestēšanas metodes: Daphnia magna akūtā toksiskuma testu un aļģu augšanas inhibēšanas testu. Darba gaitā ir iegūti dati par farmaceitisko vielu inhibējošo ietekmi uz ūdens organismiem. Noskaidrotas to subletālās koncentrācijas - LC50 (koncentr…
Farmaceitisko līdzekļu potenciālā ietekme uz ūdens organismiem
2020
Pēdējos gados strauji pieaug vides piesārņojums ar farmaceitiskiem savienojumiem. Tie ir potenciāli bioaktīvi un var būtiski ietekmēt ūdens kvalitāti un ūdens organismus, tomēr par daudziem framaceitiskiem savienojumiem eko-toksikoloģiskā informācija ir nepilna vai pilnībā iztrūkst. Pētījums tika veikts ar mērķi noteikt plaši pielietojamu un ekotoksikoloģijā maz pētītu farmaceitisko produktu potenciālo ietekmi uz ūdens organismiem. Darba gaitā ir noskaidrotas preparātu LC50, EC50, LOEC un NOEC vērtības. Eksperimenta rezultāti parādīja, ka attiecībā uz ūdens organismiem testētiem preparātiem akūtos testos toksiskais efekts ir novērojams koncentrāciju robežās no 10 līdz 100 mg·l-1. Hroniskos …
Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant.
2021
Highlights: Dewatering by centrifugation was a step that removed a high number of MPs from the sludge. Sludge retained especially the fibrous microplactics. Reject water transported microplastics inside a wastewater treatment plant. Disc filter-based tertiary treatment ensured removal of 99% of microplastics in wastewater. Microplastics (MPs) from households, stormwater, and various industries are transported to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where a high proportion of them are captured before discharging their residuals to watersheds. Although recent studies have indicated that the removed MPs are mainly retained in wastewater sludge, sludge treatment processes have gained less atten…
Alternative analysis of transient infiltration experiment to estimate soil water repellency
2019
The repellency index (RI) defined as the adjusted ratio between soil‐ethanol, Se, and soil‐water, Sw, sorptivities estimated from minidisk infiltrometer experiments has been used instead of the widely used water drop penetration time and molarity of ethanol drop tests to assess soil water repellency. However, sorptivity calculated by the usual early‐time infiltration equation may be overestimated as the effects of gravity and lateral capillary are neglected. With the aim to establish the best applicative procedure to assess RI, different approaches to estimate Se and Sw were compared that make use of both the early‐time infiltration equation (namely, the 1 min, S1, and the short‐time linear…