Search results for "Biotechnology"

showing 10 items of 5678 documents

Spoilage potential of Brettanomyces bruxellensis strains isolated from Italian wines

2018

Abstract Brettanomyces bruxellensis is an important wine spoilage agent. In this study a population of Brettanomyces strains isolated from Italian wines was thoroughly investigated to evaluate adaptability to wine conditions and spoilage potential. The presumptive isolates of Brettanomyces were identified at species level with 26S rRNA gene sequencing and species-specific PCR, and subsequently subjected to analysis of intra-species variability through the study of intron splice sites (ISS-PCR). Although, some strains were tracked in wines from different regions, extensive genetic biodiversity was observed within the B. bruxellensis population investigated. All strains were evaluated for the…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineStrain resistanceGenotypeBrettanomyces030106 microbiologyPopulationFood spoilageBrettanomyces bruxellensisBrettanomycesVolatile phenolsWineWine spoilageMicrobial contaminationRibotyping01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesVolatile phenolPhenolsSpecies level010608 biotechnologyBrettanomyceFood scienceDNA FungaleducationYeast physiologyPhylogenyWineVolatile Organic Compoundseducation.field_of_studyGenetic diversitybiologydigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beveragesbiology.organism_classificationItalySettore AGR/16 - MICROBIOLOGIA AGRARIAFood MicrobiologyFood Science
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Production of extracellular fructans by Gluconobacter nephelii P1464.

2015

UNLABELLED Bacterial extracellular fructans, known as levans, have potential applications in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries and high fructan producing strains could contribute into the cost reduction and more extensive commercial usage of them. An acetic acid bacteria (AAB) isolate P1464 was obtained from the Microbial Strain Collection of Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia and identified as Gluconobacter nephelii by DNA-DNA hybridization and the formation of extracellular fructans by this strain was confirmed. Isolated extracellular fructose polymers were characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy and the structural features of fructan appeared as s…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineSucroseGluconobactermedicine.medical_treatment030106 microbiologyGluconobacterFructose01 natural sciencesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyZymomonas mobilis03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundFructanBioreactors010608 biotechnologySpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredExtracellularmedicineAcetic acid bacteriaAcetic AcidbiologyPrebioticPolysaccharides BacterialFructosebiology.organism_classificationDNA FingerprintingFructansMolecular WeightchemistryBiochemistryLetters in applied microbiology
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Italian Odonates in the Pandora’s Box: A Comprehensive DNA Barcoding Inventory Shows Taxonomic Warnings at the Holarctic Scale

2020

AbstractThe Odonata are considered among the most endangered freshwater faunal taxa. Their DNA-based monitoring relies on validated reference datasets that are often lacking or do not cover important biogeographical centres of diversification. This study presents the results of a DNA barcoding campaign on Odonata, based on the standard 658 bp 5’ end region of the mitochondrial COI gene, involving the collection of 812 specimens (409 of which barcoded) from peninsular Italy and its main islands (328 localities), belonging to all the 88 species (31 Zygoptera and 57 Anisoptera) known from the country. Additional BOLD and GenBank data from Holarctic samples expanded the dataset to 1294 DNA barc…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineSystematicsSpecies complexOdonataEndangered speciesBiologyOdonata010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesDNA barcodingAnisoptera; BOLD; cryptic species; Odonata; species delimitation; ZygopteraEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesHolarcticodonata italy barcode BOLD Cryptic speciesGeneticsAnimalsDNA Barcoding TaxonomicAnisopteraZygopteraEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhylogenycryptic speciesbiology.organism_classificationGenetic divergencespecies delimitation030104 developmental biologyTaxonHaplotypesItalyEvolutionary biologycryptic specieTaxonomy (biology)AnisopteraBOLDBiotechnology
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Glycolipid Biosurfactant Production from Waste Cooking Oils by Yeast: Review of Substrates, Producers and Products

2021

Biosurfactants are a microbially synthesized alternative to synthetic surfactants, one of the most important bulk chemicals. Some yeast species are proven to be exceptional biosurfactant producers, while others are emerging producers. A set of factors affects the type, amount, and properties of the biosurfactant produced, as well as the environmental impact and costs of biosurfactant’s production. Exploring waste cooking oil as a substrate for biosurfactants’ production serves as an effective cost-cutting strategy, yet it has some limitations. This review explores the existing knowledge on utilizing waste cooking oil as a feedstock to produce glycolipid biosurfactants by yeast. The review f…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineTP500-660Cooking oilChemistryCommodity chemicalsFermentation industries. Beverages. Alcoholcircular economyPlant Sciencemicrobial surfactantsSubstrate (biology)Raw materialPulp and paper industry01 natural sciencesBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)Yeastwaste valorization03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyGlycolipidused cooking oil010608 biotechnologynonconventional yeastsFood ScienceFermentation
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Influence of salt of different origin on the microbiological characteristics, histamine generation and volatile profile of salted anchovies (Engrauli…

2018

Abstract The effect of six salts of different geographical areas on the quality of salted anchovies was evaluated. The crude salts were chemically characterized by determination of inorganic and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Salted anchovies, corresponding to six experimental trials, were subjected to microbiological, chemical (including histamine content) and sensory analysis during the entire period of ripening (150 days). The salts were characterized by marked differences in terms of major cations and trace element amounts. Among the 27 VOCs detected, octadecane was the most abundant compound and the main differences of the salts were registered for alkanes and alcohols. During matu…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineTasteSaltSettore AGR/13 - Chimica Agraria030106 microbiologySalt (chemistry)01 natural sciencesSensory analysis03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundEngraulis010608 biotechnologyAnchovieFood scienceSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaStaphylococcaceaechemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyChemistryVOCRipeningbiology.organism_classificationLactic acidComposition (visual arts)Bacterial communityHistamineSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia AgrariaFood ScienceBiotechnologyFood Control
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Characterization of taste compounds: chemical structures and sensory properties

2016

Characterization of taste compounds: chemical structures and sensory properties

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineTastetarpenoidsweetenerChemistry[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutritionumami and kokumi compoundsSensory systemUmami01 natural sciences3. Good health[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologysweet-tastingBiochemistrycarbohydrateTaste receptor010608 biotechnology[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
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Extraction of lipids from wet microalga Auxenochlorella protothecoides using pulsed electric field treatment and ethanol-hexane blends

2017

Abstract Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) treatment was used as pre-treatment on the microalgae strain Auxenochlorella protothecoides (A.p.) prior to organic solvent extraction of lipids. Experiments were performed on fresh biomass from mixotrophic or autotrophic culture which both had an evaluated lipid content of 30–35% of cell dry weight. Lipid yield was determined gravimetrically and compared to the reference lipid content assessed by bead-milling and subsequent Soxhlet extraction. The biomass was concentrated at 10% w/w solids prior to PEF-treatment and further dewatered afterwards to approximately 25% w/w before extraction. PEF-treatment with an energy input of 1.5 MJ per kilogram of dry m…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineTechnologyChromatographybiologyExtraction (chemistry)Nile redBiomassTransesterificationAuxenochlorellabiology.organism_classification01 natural sciences6. Clean waterSolventHexane03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound030104 developmental biologychemistry010608 biotechnologyDry matterddc:600Agronomy and Crop ScienceAlgal Research
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Assessment of genetically modified cotton GHB614 × LLCotton25 × MON 15985 for food and feed uses, under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (application EFS…

2018

The three-event stack cotton GHB614 x LLCotton25 x MON 15985 was produced by conventional crossing to combine three single cotton events, GHB614, LLCotton25 and MON 15985. The EFSA GMO Panel previously assessed the three single events and did not identify safety concerns. No new data on the single events that could lead to modification of the original conclusions on their safety were identified. Based on the molecular, agronomic, phenotypic and compositional characteristics, the combination of the single events and of the newly expressed proteins in the three-event stack cotton did not give rise to food and feed safety or nutritional issues. Food and feed derived from cotton GHB614 x LLCott…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineVeterinary (miscellaneous)[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Plant ScienceTP1-1185Biology01 natural sciencesMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesEnvironmental safetyNPTIIGUSCry1AcTX341-641cotton GHB614 × LLCotton25 × MON 15985Cry2Ab2cotton GHB614 x LLCotton25 x MON 159852. Zero hungerAnimal healthbusiness.industryNutrition. Foods and food supplyGMOChemical technologyRegulation (EC) 1829/2003Food safetyGenetically modified organismBiotechnologySettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni ErbaceeScientific Opinion030104 developmental biologySettore AGR/11 - Entomologia Generale E ApplicataAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologyGMO; cotton GHB614 x LLCotton25 x MON 15985; Regulation (EC) 1829/2003; Cry1Ac; Cry2Ab2; GUS; NPTII; 2mEPSPS; PATbusiness2mEPSPSPAT010606 plant biology & botanyFood Science
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Assessment of genetically modified maize MON 87403 for food and feed uses, import and processing, under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (application EFS…

2018

GMO; maize (Zea mays); MON 87403; ear biomass; Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003; International audience; aize MON 87403 was developed to increase ear biomass at early reproductive phase through the expression of a modified AtHB17 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana, encoding a plant transcription factor of the HD-Zip II family. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses did not identify issues requiring assessment for food and feed safety. No statistically significant differences in the agronomic and phenotypic characteristics tested between maize MON 87403 and its conventional counterpart were identified. The compositional analysis of maize MON 87403 did not identify differences…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineVeterinary (miscellaneous)[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Plant ScienceTP1-1185GMO; maize (Zea mays); MON 87403; ear biomass; Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003Biologyear biomass01 natural sciencesMicrobiologyMON 87403[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences03 medical and health sciencesEnvironmental safetyear bioma[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyTX341-641MON 87403[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineeringmaize (Zea mays)2. Zero hungerGenetically modified maizeAnimal healthbusiness.industryNutrition. Foods and food supplyGMOChemical technologyfungiRegulation (EC) No 1829/2003maize (Zea mays)Food safetyBiotechnologySettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni Erbacee030104 developmental biologyScientific OpinionSettore AGR/11 - Entomologia Generale E Applicata[SDE]Environmental SciencesAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologybusiness010606 plant biology & botanyFood ScienceRegulation (EC) No 1829/2003
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Use of fortified pied de cuve as an innovative method to start spontaneous alcoholic fermentation for red winemaking

2015

Background and Aims Some wineries, in order to promote the growth of yeasts able to ferment grape musts, traditionally produce wines using the ‘pied de cuve’ method. The aim of the present work was to study the performance of fortified pied de cuve (FPdC) prepared by addition of wine. Method and Results Two FPdCs were prepared with the addition of wine at 1.5 and 3% (v/v) of ethanol to the musts and allowed to spontaneously ferment. The FPdCs were then added to fresh bulk musts in order to accelerate the spontaneous alcoholic fermentation (AF). Interestingly, several Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated during the pied de cuve preparation were detected at the highest concentration thro…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineWineEthanol030106 microbiologyfood and beveragesSensory profileHorticultureEthanol fermentationIsoamyl alcohol01 natural sciences03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistry010608 biotechnologyComposition (visual arts)Ethyl lactateFood scienceWinemakingAustralian Journal of Grape and Wine Research
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