Search results for "Bismuth"

An improved value for the hyperfine splitting of hydrogen-like209Bi82+

2015

We report an improved measurement of the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen-like bismuth (209Bi82+) at the experimental storage ring ESR at GSI by laser spectroscopy on a coasting beam. Accuracy was improved by about an order of magnitude compared to the first observation in 1994. The most important improvement is an in situ high voltage measurement at the electron cooler (EC) platform with an accuracy at the 10 ppm level. Furthermore, the space charge effect of the EC current on the ion velocity was determined with two independent techniques that provided consistent results. The result of nm provides an important reference value for experiments testing bound-state quantum electrodynamics in t…

Analytical techniques for the determination of bismuth in solid environmental samples

2006

Abstract Bismuth is a trace element of the Earth’s crust, which is becoming environmentally significant. Although bismuth has relatively low toxicity, it can form characteristic intracytoplasmatic inclusions. This article illustrates the increasing need for fast pre-treatment techniques and highly sensitive detection methods for accurate measurements of bismuth at extremely low concentrations in solid environmental matrices.

Laser spectroscopy of the ground-state hyperfine structure in H-like and Li-like bismuth

2014

The LIBELLE experiment performed at the experimental storage ring (ESR) at the GSI Helmholtz Center in Darmstadt aims for the determination of the ground state hyperfine (HFS) transitions and lifetimes in hydrogen-like (209Bi82+) and lithium-like (209Bi80+) bismuth. The study of HFS transitions in highly charged ions enables precision tests of QED in extreme electric and magnetic fields otherwise not attainable in laboratory experiments. While the HFS transition in H-like bismuth was already observed in earlier experiments at the ESR, the LIBELLE experiment succeeded for the first time to measure the HFS transition in Li-like bismuth in a laser spectroscopy experiment.

Determination of ultratrace bismuth in milk samples by atomic fluorescence spectrometry.

2003

Abstract A sensitive procedure was developed for determination of bismuth (Bi) in milk samples by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG–AFS) after microwave-assisted sample digestion with HNO3 and H2O2. The method provides a sensitivity of 1832 fluorescence units (ng/mL) with a detection limit of 0.01 ng/mL, which corresponds to 20 pg absolute limit of detection, equivalent to 0.50 ng/g in the original sample. Application of the methodology to cow milk samples from the Spanish market showed the presence of Bi at a concentration of 11.8–28.8 ng/g, which compared well with data obtained after dry ashing of samples and with data obtained by inductively coupled plasma–mass spe…

Prediction of the heat exchange in MEGAPIE facility by using RELAP5 code

2008

Control of matrix interferences by the multiple linear regression model in the determination of arsenic, antimony and tin in lead pellets by inductiv…

2002

A multiple linear regression technique was used to evaluate the matrix interferences in the determination of hydride-forming elements in lead shotgun pellets by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The determination of arsenic, antimony, and tin in SRM C2416 (Bullet Lead) by ICP-AES failed to obtain the certified concentrations at the 95% level of confidence using the t-test. However, it proved possible, by using the multiple linear regression technique, to correct the concentrations of all three elements to a statistically acceptable level. This method of correction is based on the multiple regression line obtained from the analysis of 19 synthetic mixtures of matrix el…

Synthesis and crystal structure of [(PhenH)(PhenH2)][BiCl6] . 2H2O with different o-phenanthroline protonations.

1998

The reaction between bismuthate oxide and phen (1,10-phenanthroline) in acid medium led to the isolation of the unusual [(PhenH)(PhenH2)][BiCl6] 2H2O derivative, which has been characterized by X-ray analysis and IR spectroscopy. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 with a = 8.313(2), b = 9.349(2), c = 9.807(3) A, a = 86.39(3), B = 110.27(3) and y = 106.48(3)°. The crystal structure is made of [BiCl6] 3- anions and [(PhenHXPhenr2)]3+cations. A network of hydrogen bond interactions involving the two clathrated water molecules, the phenanthroline moiety and the chlorines characterizes the entire structure.

The adaptation of mechanically softened gutta-percha to the canal walls in the presence or absence of smear layer: a scanning electron microscopic st…

1995

Summary The objective of this study was to compare the adaptation of mechanically softened gutta-percha to the root canal wall in the presence and absence of smear layer. The root canals of 20 freshly extracted human maxillary incisors were cleaned and shaped. Prior to obturation, 10 root canals were irrigated with 20 ml of 50% citric acid followed by 20 ml of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. All canals were obturated with mechanical compaction of gutta-percha and AH-26 sealer. After 72h, each tooth was fractured in half. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the sealer had formed a continuous layer in contact with the canal walls, becoming progressively thinner towards the apex. The sea…

Synthesis and optical characterization of Er-doped bismuth titanate nanoparticles grown by sol-gel hydrothermal method

2017

Abstract The Er 3+ -doped bismuth titanate (Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 , BIT) nanoparticles were synthesized by a combined sol–gel and hydrothermal method under a partial oxygen pressure of 30 bar. The composition and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman scattering. They showed pure and homogeneous spherical BIT nanoparticles with a size below the 30 nm. The incorporation of Er ions showed a strong decrease in the lattice parameters, as well as averaged particle size. The photoluminescence up-conversion (excitation wavelength =1480 nm) showed an enhancement of the infrared emission (980 nm) as Er concentration increased, achieving a maxi…

CCDC 2153967: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

2022

Related Article: Gonzalo García-Espejo, Candida Pipitone, Francesco Giannici, Norberto Masciocchi|2022|J.Solid State Chem.|312|123165|doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123165