Search results for "Blank"
showing 10 items of 179 documents
Development, Characterization, and Testing of a SiC-Based Material for Flow Channel Inserts in High-Temperature DCLL Blankets
2018
This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.
A Pareto optimal design approach for simultaneous control of thinning and springback in stamping processes
2009
One of the most relevant research issues in automotive field is focused on the reduction of stamped parts weight also increasing their strength. In this way, a strong research effort is developed on high strength steels which are widely utilized and they require a proper springback control. Springback reduction in sheet metal forming is a typical goal to be pursued which is conflicting with thinning reduction for instance. Thus, such problems can be considered as multi-objective ones characterized by conflicting objectives. What is more, nowadays, a great interest would be focused on the availability of a cluster of possible optimal solutions instead of a single one, particularly in an indu…
In-process control strategies for friction stir welding of AZ31 sheets with non-uniform thickness
2017
Two different in-process control strategies were developed and compared with the aim to produce AZ31 magnesium alloy joints by friction stir welding on sheet blanks with a non-uniform thickness. To this purpose, sheets with dip or hump zones were welded by either changing the rotational speed or the tool plunging in order to keep constant the value of the vertical force occurring during the welding stage of the process. The influence of the main process parameters on the tool force, the micro- and macromechanical properties, and the joints microstructures in the dip and hump zones were analyzed. The results showed that using the rotational speed change-based approach, the hump zones are sub…
The ‘Open Garden of Politics’: The impact of open primaries for candidate selection in the British Conservative Party
2016
International audience; Since 2003, hundreds of open primaries for the selection of parliamentary candidates have been held by the British Conservative Party as a means of democratising party organisation and enhancing representativeness. In the run-up to the 2015 general election, only 26 primaries could be identified. This article will apply the analytical framework provided by Hazan and Rahat to demonstrate that the relative failure of the experiment in terms of intra-party competition, participation, representation and responsiveness is counterbalanced by the benefits brought by this procedure, both as a tool of party branding at the national level and as a strategy for raising the prof…
Monitoring of system conditioning after blank injections in untargeted UPLC-MS metabolomic analysis
2019
AbstractUltra-performance liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) is widely used for untargeted metabolomics in biomedical research. To optimize the quality and precision of UPLC-MS metabolomic analysis, evaluation of blank samples for the elimination of background features is required. Although blanks are usually run either at the beginning or at the end of a sequence of samples, a systematic analysis of their effect of the instrument performance has not been properly documented. Using the analysis of two common bio-fluids (plasma and urine), we describe how the injection of blank samples within a sequence of samples may affect both the chromatographic and MS detection performa…
Systematic Study of Several Causes and Effects Due to Absorbent Blanks in Determinations of One Analyte
1999
A systematic study is performed about several factors involved in the measurements when a absorbent blank is used, as molar absorption coefficient of the formed complex, absorbance of the blank at the measured wavelength, and kind of spectrophotometer used (conventional double-beam or diode-array). It is proved that the usual methodology, measuring against reagent blank, produces less accurate measurements than those obtained against solvent blank. On the other hand, use of the H-Point standard additions method provides always equal or better results than the best ones obtained at single wavelengths by using measurements against solvent bank, at the maximum of the formed complex. To test th…
Start-up and Operation of Laboratory-Scale Thermophilic Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors Treating Vegetable Processing Wastewaters
1997
Thermophilic anaerobic treatment of hot vegetable processing wastewaters was studied in laboratory-scale UASB reactors at 55°C. The high-strength wastewater streams, deriving from steam peeling and blanching of carrot, potato and swede were used. The reactors were inoculated with mesophilic granular sludge. Stable thermophilic methanogenesis with about 60% COD removal was reached within 28 days. During the 134 day study period the loading rate was increased up to 24 kg COD m−3 day−1. High treatment efficiency of more than 90% COD removal and concomitant methane production of 7·3 m3 CH4 m−3 day−1 were achieved. The anaerobic process performance was not affected by the changes in the wastewat…
Evaluation and elimination of the “blank bias error” using the H-point standard addition method
1992
Abstract The basis of the H-point standard addition method in the cases where the analyte determination requires the use of an absorbent reagent is considered. The method evaluates and eliminates the blank bias error present in such procedures by using the absorbance increment at two selected wavelengths as the analytical signal of the calibration graphs. Three different determinations were tested: the determination of proteins with the biuret method, thorium with thoron and of magnesium with Titan Yellow. These procedures are better described by the proposed method than by the traditional approach using absorbance values against reagent blank.
SIGNAL PROCESSING ALGORITHM FOR SCHLIEREN EFFECT CORRECTION IN FLOW ANALYSIS
2001
Due to the radial refractive index gradients that sometimes develop in flow cells during the travelling of the samples through them, the absorbance records obtained in such conditions have a strange shape, particularly at low analyte levels. To correct this phenomenon, called Schlieren effect, a simple and reliable signal processing algorithm is described in correlation to the detector characteristics of noise. The algorithm is illustrated in nitrite and nitrate determinations with proflavin from more real samples. It has a solid theoretical support and involves the subtraction from the sample records of a smoothed signal, acquired by working with a blank solution.
The H-point and generalized H-point standard additions methods for flow injection procedures.
1997
This paper establishes the fundamentals of the H-point standard additions method (HPSAM) and generalized H-point standard additions method (GHPSAM) in the flow injection technique. Two kinds of analytical signals can be employed, FIA peaks and spectra. Different analytical problems have been studied: determinations of one analyte in the presence or absence of matrix effect when different blank features are present, and determination of two analytes in the presence of blank bias error affecting the development of one of them. The determination of chloride with mercury thiocyanate which presents a matrix effect, and the determinations of calcium and/or magnesium with arsenazo III are examined…