Search results for "Blood plasma"
showing 10 items of 162 documents
Oxidative stress is related to frailty, not to age or sex, in a geriatric population: lipid and protein oxidation as biomarkers of frailty.
2014
Objectives: To ascertain whether indicators of oxidative damage to lipids (malondialdehyde (MDA)) and proteins (protein carbonylation) are biomarkers of frailty, after adjusting for age, sex, and other possible confounders. Design: Cross-sectional cohort study. Setting: Community. Participants: Toledo Study for Healthy Aging participants (N = 742, aged 65–95), classified as frail (n = 54), prefrail (n = 278) and nonfrail (n = 410) according to the Fried criteria. Measurements: Blood plasma was obtained using centrifugation (1,500 G, 15 minutes) and immediately frozen at −80°C. Plasma lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring the MDA formed from lipoperoxides using high-performance liqu…
Glycation alters ligand binding, enzymatic, and pharmacological properties of human albumin.
2015
Albumin, the major circulating protein in blood plasma, can be subjected to an increased level of glycation in a diabetic context. Albumin exerts crucial pharmacological activities through its drug binding capacity, i.e., ketoprofen, and via its esterase-like activity, allowing the conversion of prodrugs into active drugs. In this study, the impact of the glucose-mediated glycation on the pharmacological and biochemical properties of human albumin was investigated. Aggregation product levels and the redox state were quantified to assess the impact of glycation-mediated changes on the structural properties of albumin. Glucose-mediated changes in ketoprofen binding properties and esterase-lik…
Differences between the Glycosylation Patterns of Haptoglobin Isolated from Skin Scales and Plasma of Psoriatic Patients
2012
Improved diagnosis of psoriasis, by new biomarkers, is required for evaluating the progression rate of the disease and the response to treatment. Haptoglobin (Hpt), a glycoprotein secreted by hepatocytes and other types of cells including keratinocytes, was found with glycan changes in psoriasis and other diseases. We previously reported that Hpt isolated from plasma of psoriatic patients is more fucosylated than Hpt of healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to compare the glycosylation pattern of Hpt isolated from skin scales or plasma of patients with psoriasis with that of Hpt from cornified epidermal layer or plasma of healthy subjects. High performance liquid chromatography analys…
Soluble adhesion molecules correlate with liver inflammation and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon-α
1998
Background: In chronic hepatitis C the relation of circulating adhesion molecules to disease features before, during and after therapy has not been completely established. Aim: To analyse the basal levels of circulating adhesins and the changes induced by interferon in these patients. Methods: We studied, using ELISA assays, the serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in 52 patients with chronic hepatitis C on entry, prior to finalizing a 6-month course of interferon-α therapy and at the end of the follow-up. Correlations with clinical, virological and histological features, including inflammation and fibrosis, were…
Renal and nonrenal clearances of ceftriaxone at the steady-state and its relation to plasma protein binding
1995
Abstract The effect of the saturable plasma protein binding of ceftriaxone on the elimination of this drug was studied under steady-state conditions in the rat. A concentration-dependent increase in the total, renal and nonrenal clearances of total drug (bound + unbound) was observed, and it was related to the increase in the ex vivo unbound fraction of ceftriaxone as the plasma concentration increased. The nonrenal clearance of the unbound ceftriaxone showed a statistically significant decrease as the plasma concentration of the unbound drug at the steady state increased, which indicates that the nonrenal elimination of the drug (mainly by biliary excretion) is a saturable process. Renal c…
Metabolic adaptations in neonatal mother-deprived rabbits
2010
[EN] In order to study the metabolic adaptation in response to 48 h transient doe-litter separation (DLS) in young rabbits (5 rabbits/d group) between postnatal 9 and 11 d, plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones T3 and T4, insulin, leptin, glucose, triglycerides (TG), and free fatty acids (FFA) were examined before (6-8 d), during (9-11 d), and after separation (12-16 d). T3 concentrations in newborn control rabbits gradually increased from 0.6 ng/mL at postnatal 6 d to 1.0 ng/mL at postnatal 16 d, whereas those of T4 remained fairly constant (25 ng/mL) up to postnatal 14 d, when T4 gradually declined to 8 ng/mL. T3 values of DLS newborn rabbits did not differ from those of controls at p…
Rat Plasma VLDL Composition and Concentration and Hepatic Lipase and Lipoprotein Lipase Activities Are Impaired during Two Types of Protein Malnutrit…
1995
The relationships between VLDL concentrations and composition and changes in hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase activities were determined in rats, during the consumption of two low protein diets (2% casein or 5% gluten) (protein malnutrition) for 28 d, followed by the refeeding of a balanced diet for 14 d (15% casein) (refeeding). A control group was fed 15% casein for 42 d. In the control group, total lipolytic activity increased with age (r = 0.83, P < 0.001), whereas in both depleted groups, this activity remained low and stable throughout the period of protein malnutrition. At d 28 of protein malnutrition, plasma total lipolytic activities were significantly reduced in both depleted…
Immune-inflammatory and metabolic effects of high dose furosemide plus hypertonic saline solution (HSS) treatment in cirrhotic subjects with refracto…
2016
Introduction Patients with chronic liver diseases are usually thin as a result of hypermetabolism and malnutrition expressed by reduced levels of leptin and impairment of other adyponectins such as visfatin. Aims We evaluated the metabolic and inflammatory effects of intravenous high-dose furosemide plus hypertonic saline solutions (HSS) compared with repeated paracentesis and a standard oral diuretic schedule, in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites. Methods 59 consecutive cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites unresponsive to outpatient treatment. Enrolled subjects were randomized to treatment with intravenous infusion of furosemide (125-250mg⁄bid) plus small volumes of HSS …
Diabetes is Associated with Higher Trimethylamine N-oxide Plasma Levels
2016
Recent studies have revealed strong associations between systemic trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk. In addition, plasma L-carnitine levels in patients with high TMAO concentrations predicted an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and incident major adverse cardiac events. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between TMAO and L-carnitine plasma levels and diabetes. Blood plasma samples were collected from 12 and 20 weeks old db/db mice and patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Diabetic compared to non-diabetic db/L mice presented 10-fold higher TMAO, but lower L-carnitine plasma concentrations at 12 …
Low birth weight at term impairs cord serum lipoprotein compositions and concentrations
1998
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of low birth weight at term on serum lipoproteins. Lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) contents were investigated in cord sera of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns at term (2290 g +/- 33 g) and compared with those of appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) newborns (3570 g +/- 93 g). In SGA newborns, VLDL amounts were twofold higher, whereas LDL, HDL2 and HDL3 contents were lower than in AGA newborns (-38%, -44% and -42%, respectively). VLDL-triacylglycerols (TG), apo B-100 and apo E were higher, while VLDL-apo C-II values were 39% lower in SGA newborns compared with those of AGA newborns. In SGA newborns, HDL2-apolipoprotein, phospholip…