Search results for "Bolus"
showing 10 items of 125 documents
Analgesic Effect of Intravenous Ketamine in Cancer Patients on Morphine Therapy
2000
Pain not responsive to morphine is often problematic. Animal and clinical studies have suggested that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists, such as ketamine, may be effective in improving opioid analgesia in difficult pain syndromes, such as neuropathic pain. A slow bolus of subhypnotic doses of ketamine (0.25 mg/kg or 0.50 mg/kg) was given to 10 cancer patients whose pain was unrelieved by morphine in a randomized, double-blind, crossover, double-dose study. Pain intensity on a 0 to 10 numerical scale; nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, and dry mouth, using a scale from 0 to 3 (not at all, slight, a lot, awful); Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (0-30); and arterial pressure…
Effects of Caffeine as an Adjuvant to Morphine in Advanced Cancer Patients
2001
Psychomotor abnormalities are one of the complications of opioid therapy in advanced cancer patients. Caffeine has potential properties to counteract the central effects of morphine. Twelve patients receiving stable doses of slow release morphine with adequate pain relief were scheduled for this double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial. The treatment consisted of an intravenous dose of 1/6 of the daily morphine dose, using an intravenous/oral conversion ratio of 1:3. The dose calculated was administered in 5 minutes. Patients were randomly divided to received in a double-blind manner an infusion of 200 mg of caffeine or saline solution intravenously over one hour. A crossover took pl…
The evidence of neuraxial administration of analgesics for cancer-related pain: a systematic review
2015
Background The present systematic review analysed the existing evidence of analgesic efficacy and side effects of opioids without and with adjuvant analgesics delivered by neuraxial route (epidural and subarachnoid) in adult patients with cancer. Methods Search strategy was elaborated with words related to cancer, pain, neuraxial route, analgesic and side effects. The search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane for the period until February 2014. Studies were analysed according to methods, results, quality of evidence, and strength of recommendation. Results The number of abstracts retrieved was 2147, and 84 articles were selected for full reading. The final selection comprised nin…
Abciximab Facilitates the Rate and Extent of Thrombolysis
1999
Background —The TIMI 14 trial tested the hypothesis that abciximab, the Fab fragment of a monoclonal antibody directed to the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor, is a potent and safe addition to reduced-dose thrombolytic regimens for ST-segment elevation MI. Methods and Results —Patients (n=888) with ST-elevation MI presenting <12 hours from onset of symptoms were treated with aspirin and randomized initially to either 100 mg of accelerated-dose alteplase (control) or abciximab (bolus 0.25 mg/kg and 12-hour infusion of 0.125 μg · kg −1 · min −1 ) alone or in combination with reduced doses of alteplase (20 to 65 mg) or streptokinase (500 000 U to 1.5 MU). Control patients recei…
Addition of reducing agent dithiothreitol improves 4-decanolide synthesis by the genus Sporidiobolus.
2000
Two species of the genus Sporidiobolus, S. johnsonii and S. ruinenii, were used to study the effect of the reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), on 4-decanolide production using ricinoleic acid as the substrate. The results indicate that the addition of DTT into the cultures significantly enhanced 4-decanolide biosynthesis by the two species.
Sperm quality, secondary sexual characters and parasitism in roach (Rutilus rutilus L.)
2004
According to sperm competition models, a male spawning in a disfavoured role should have spermatozoa with higher velocity but shorter longevity compared with a male spawning in a favoured role. Moreover, immunosuppressive androgens are needed to produce both secondary sexual characters and sperm cells. The ‘sperm protection’ hypothesis suggests that the immunosuppressive action of androgens has evolved to protect haploid spermatozoa, which are antigenic, from autoimmune attacks. Therefore, a male with high sexual ornamentation may be more susceptible to diseases but may possess better quality ejaculate than his less ornamented rival. We studied sexual ornamentation (breeding tubercles), eja…
In-mouth mechanism leading to the perception of fat in humans: from detection to preferences. The particular role of saliva
2013
In humans, the perception of fat in food is a complex process involving many sensory modalities (texture, aromaand flavour). Themouth is the first place in which the process of digestion begins. During this process, a bolus is formed in which saliva is significantly incorporated. For solids and semi-solid fatty matrices, saliva and the shear forces applied during mastication contribute to their breakdown and/or destabilisation in emulsified systems. These mechanisms are often dependent on the fat content of the food and thus play an important role in not only the perception of texture but also the release of compounds responsible for the flavour of “fat”. In addition, saliva is directly inv…
Audu kontrastēšanās izvērtējums, pielietojot automātisko bolus injektoru datortomogrāfijas izmeklējumos pacientiem ar apendicītu
2017
Bakalaura darba tēma – audu kontrastēšanās izvērtējums, pielietojot automātisko “bolus” injektoru datortomogrāfijas izmeklējumos pacientiem ar apendicītu. Darba teorētiskā daļā tiek apkopota literatūra par resnās zarnas piedēkļa anatomiju, apendicīta klīniku un diagnostiku. Analizēta literatūra par jodu saturošas kontrastvielas pielietojumu datortomogrāfijā, ievadīšanas veidiem, pacienta sagatavošanu izmeklējumam, protokolu izvēli un audu kontrastēšanas īpatnības. Pētījuma mērķis ir izvērtēt audu kontrastēšanos, pielietojot automātisko “bolus” injektoru datortomogrāfijas izmeklējumos pacientiem ar apendicītu. Veicot pētījumu, izmantota kvalitatīva pētniecības metode. Pētniecības instruments…
Ievadītās kontrastvielas proporciju ietekme uz vēdera dobuma struktūru kontrastainību datortomogrāfijas izmeklējumā ar k/v ievadi dalītā bolusa veidā…
2017
Bakalaura darba tēma - ,,Ievadītās kontrastvielas proporciju ietekme uz vēdera dobuma struktūru kontrastainību datortomogrāfijas izmeklējumā ar k/v ievadi dalītā bolusa veidā pediatrijā’’. Tēmas aktualitāti nosaka nepieciešamība ieviest optimālāko kontrastvielas proporciju attiecību pie dalītā bolusa ievades, veicot datortomogrāfijas izmeklējumus bērniem politraumas gadījumā ar mērķi konstatēt vēdera dobuma orgānu patoloģiju. Darba mērķis ir noskaidrot kontrastvielas proporciju ietekmi uz vēdera dobuma struktūru kontrastainību datortomogrāfijas izmeklējumā, izmantojot dalītā bolusa kontrastvielas ievades metodi. Pētniecības uzdevums ir apkopot un analizēt literatūru par kontrastvielas izman…
Use of low dose of rFVIIa (recombinant Factor VII activated) to control late bleeding after percutaneous dilational tracheostomy
2019
Key Clinical Message In our case, the use of a low intravenous bolus dose of rFVIIa (recombinant factor VII activated; 15‐20 mcg/kg) was effective and uneventful in controlling late postprocedural PDT bleeding associated with thrombocytopenia that cannot be corrected and after all other treatments failed.