Search results for "Bone density"
showing 10 items of 339 documents
Management of painful bone metastases.
2007
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review examines recent data on the pathophysiology and mechanisms of bone pain; it highlights the use of multiple and interdisciplinary treatments rather than sole use of traditional analgesics. RECENT FINDINGS: Bone pain has been shown to have a unique pathophysiology. Recent experimental (animal) models have revealed that, parallel to increased bone destruction, ipsilateral spinal cord segments that receive primary input from the cancerous femur exhibit several notable neurochemical changes. These mandate the use of opioid doses sufficient to inhibit the observed nociceptive behaviours; these doses are greater than those required to alleviate pain behaviours of com…
The effect of osseodensification on implant stability and bone density: A prospective observational study.
2019
Background The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of implant site preparation in low-density bone using osseodensification method in terms of implant stability changes during the osseous healing period and peri-implant bone density using CBCT. Material and Methods This prospective observational clinical study included 24 patients who received 46 dental implants that were installed in low-density bone using the osseodensification method. CBCT was used to measure the bone density pre- and postoperatively and implant stability was measured using Periotest® immediately after implant insertion and then after 6 weeks and 12 weeks postoperatively. The data were analyzed using paired t-…
Osteoporosis, jawbones and periodontal disease
2012
The association between osteoporosis and jawbones remains an argument of debate. Both osteoporosis and periodontal diseases are bone resorptive diseases; it has been hypothesized that osteoporosis could be a risk factor for the progression of periodontal disease and vice versa. Hypothetical models linking the two conditions exist: in particular, it is supposed that the osteoporosis-related bone mass density reduction may accelerate alveolar bone resorption caused by periodontitis, resulting in a facilitated periodontal bacteria invasion. Invading bacteria, in turn, may alter the normal homeostasis of bone tissue, increasing osteoclastic activity and reducing local and systemic bone density …
Growth patterns at distal radius and tibial shaft in pubertal girls: a 2-year longitudinal study.
2005
Bone changes, in terms of both size and BMD, were assessed longitudinally in pubertal girls. Before puberty, BMD at the distal radius declined, whereas bone size increased, suggesting that normal growing girls experience a transient period of increased bone fragility. This could explain the elevated low-trauma forearm fracture rates reported in earlier studies. Introduction: Longitudinal data on bone growth during puberty are sparse. Such information is needed to understand the sequence of biological changes, the physical and mechanical consequences for the growing skeleton, and the implications for later life. Materials and Methods: The geometric properties and volumetric BMD (vBMD) of the…
Bone mineral density and physical activity in 50–60-year-old women
1991
Abstract The bone mineral density (BMD) of the calcaneus was measured utilizing a single energy photon absorption method in 108 women, aged 50–60 years. The women who participated in vigorous exercise two or more times a week or whose total physical activity amounted to 4 h a week had significantly higher BMD values than those who exercised less than two times a week or did less than 4 h physical activity a week. The physically active women also showed higher values for leg extension force and maximal oxygen uptake. BMD and leg extension force were positively correlated, whereas correlations between BMD and body mass, and the width of the calcaneus were negative. When other life-style varia…
A free plate model can predict guided modes propagating in tubular bone-mimicking phantoms
2014
The goal of this work was to show that a non-absorbing free plate model can predict with a reasonable accuracy guided modes measured in bone-mimicking phantoms that have circular cross-section. Experiments were carried out on uncoated and coated phantoms using a clinical axial transmission setup. Adjustment of the plate model to the experimental data yielded estimates for the waveguide characteristics (thickness, bulk wave velocities). Fair agreement was achieved over a frequency range of 0.4 to 1.6 MHz. A lower accuracy observed for the thinnest bone-mimicking phantoms was caused by limitations in the wave number measurements rather than by the model itself.
Clinical effect of vitamin C supplementation on bone healing: A systematic review
2022
Background: The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the clinical effect of vitamin C on bone healing after bone fracture or bone reconstruction procedures. Material and Methods: In October 2020, Cochrane Library, Scopus and PubMed-Medline databases were searched without restrictions to identify animal and human studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Outcome measures were bone healing time, bone gain (mm), bone density and adverse events. The risk of bias assessment of the selected studies was evaluated by means of Cochrane Collaboration's Tool for randomized clinical trials, while randomized clinical animal trials were assessed according to SYRCLE's tool. Addition…
Significance of immunohistochemistry biomarkers in prediction of malignant transformation of oral lichen planus
2022
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with increased risk for malignant transformation. Biomarker validation is a pivotal step in moving newly discovered biomarkers towards clinical implementation. We performed a systematic review of studies on biomarkers related to OLP, wherein biomarkers have been described in at least two independent studies. Our aim was to determine whether any of these biomark-ers might be promising in predicting the increased risk of malignant transformation of OLP. Material and Methods: We searched the following databases until August 2021: PUBMED, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Due to high heterogeneity, a qualitative rather than quant…
Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of Jaws (MRONJ) Prevention and Diagnosis: Italian Consensus Update 2020
2020
The Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of Jaws (MRONJ) diagnosis process and its prevention play a role of great and rising importance, not only on the Quality of Life (QoL) of patients, but also on the decision-making process by the majority of dentists and oral surgeons involved in MRONJ prevention (primary and secondary). The present paper reports the update of the conclusions from the Consensus Conference—held at the Symposium of the Italian Society of Oral Pathology and Medicine (SIPMO) (20 October 2018, Ancona, Italy)—after the newest recommendations (2020) on MRONJ were published by two scientific societies (Italian Societies of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology and Medicine, SI…
Bone Density, Balance and Quality of Life of Postmenopausal Women Taking Alendronate Participating in Different Physical Activity Programs
2010
Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:04:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-01-01 Background: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different physical activity (PA) programs on bone density, balance and quality of life of postmenopausal women taking concomitant alendronate. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 35 volunteers divided into four groups: practitioners of resistance training (RTG, n = 9, 49.8±4.2 years), judo (JUG, n = 11, 52.2±5.3 years), water aerobics (WAG, n = 8, 57.1±7.4 years) and the control group (CG, n = 7, 53.8±4.4 years). Methods: The following assessment tools were used: bone mineral density (BMD) measured by d…