Search results for "Bottom"

showing 10 items of 450 documents

10.7 Weak quark mixing and the CKM matrix

2008

Nuclear physicsQuarkPhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsCabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrixW and Z bosonsCP violationBottom quarkMixing (physics)
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Seagrass ecosystem response to long-term high CO2 in a Mediterranean volcanic vent

2014

We examined the long-term effect of naturally acidified water on a Cymodocea nodosa meadow growing at a shallow volcanic CO2 vent in Vulcano Island (Italy). Seagrass and adjacent unvegetated habitats growing at a low pH station (pH = 7.65 ± 0.02) were compared with corresponding habitats at a control station (pH = 8.01 ± 0.01). Density and biomass showed a clear decreasing trend at the low pH station and the below- to above-ground biomass ratio was more than 10 times lower compared to the control. C content and delta 13C of leaves and epiphytes were significantly lower at the low pH station. Photosynthetic activity of C. nodosa was stimulated by low pH as seen by the significant increase in…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityChlorophyll ainorganicAlkalinityLight saturation point standard errorPhotosynthetic quantum efficiencyMediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate MedSeATemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010IrradianceRespiration rate carbonAragonite saturation stateBiomassAlkalinity totalIrradiance standard errortotalCO2 ventCymodocea nodosapHRespirationEpiphytes loadMaximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II standard errorNet community production of carbonTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedRespiration rate carbon standard errorCarbonate ionMaximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem IIPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Net community production of carbon standard errorIlluminance standard errorSoft bottom communitystandard errorCarbon inorganic dissolved standard errorRespiration rateElectron transport rate standard errorEarth System Researchδ13CPhotosynthetic quantum efficiency standard errorField observationChlorophyll a standard errorGross primary production of carbonBiomass standard errorCalcium carbonatePotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateShoot densityPotentiometricwaterIlluminanceOxygen standard errorBenthosAlkalinity total standard errorMediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate (MedSeA)Electron transport rateLight saturation pointOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaGross primary production of carbon standard errorBicarbonate ionSoft-bottom communityδ13C standard errorTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Primary production PhotosynthesisSpeciespH standard errorCarbonate system computation flagloadPrimary production/PhotosynthesisFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionTreatmentEpiphytes load standard errorOxygenPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airEpiphytes loadCarbon dioxideCarbon standard errorEntire communityFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airGroupBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfEpiphytesShoot density standard errorCalcium carbonate standard error
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Shallow water marine sediment bacterial community shifts along a natural CO2 gradient in the Mediterranean Sea Off vulcano, Italy

2014

The effects of increasing atmospheric CO(2) on ocean ecosystems are a major environmental concern, as rapid shoaling of the carbonate saturation horizon is exposing vast areas of marine sediments to corrosive waters worldwide. Natural CO(2) gradients off Vulcano, Italy, have revealed profound ecosystem changes along rocky shore habitats as carbonate saturation levels decrease, but no investigations have yet been made of the sedimentary habitat. Here, we sampled the upper 2 cm of volcanic sand in three zones, ambient (median pCO(2) 419 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 3.77), moderately CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 592 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 2.96), and highly CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 1611…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCommunity composition and diversityPotentiometricinorganicwaterAlkalinitySiteFigureBenthosTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedAbundanceCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaBicarbonate ionAragonite saturation stateSoft-bottom communityAlkalinity totalLONGITUDEtotalCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)CO2 ventSpeciesShannon Diversity IndexpHCalculated using CO2SYSTemperatureCarbonate system computation flagdissolvedFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Carbonate ionCarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideSoft bottom communityEntire communityEarth System ResearchLATITUDEFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airGroupCoast and continental shelfField observationClass
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Costructal law, exergy analysis and life cycle energy sustainability assessment: an expanded framework applied to a boiler

2020

Purpose Life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) is one of the most relevant tools delving in sustainability science, based currently on the triple bottom line idea that is defined as the contemporary implementation of the three tools of life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle costing (LCC) and social life cycle assessment (S-LCA). The methodology is currently being applied to a wide set of products and systems. However, as per in the large interest towards energy-related products, the sustainability assessment of energy systems—in particular those where fluid streams are used—could be more effective if some further stages could be included in the analysis, i.e. a process level analysis …

Optimal designExergyDecision support systemConstructal lawComputer science020209 energyTriple bottom lineSustainability science02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesManufacturing engineeringSustainability0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringLife-cycle assessmentEnergy systems Design Sustainability Life cycle sustainability assessment0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental Science
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Experiments on Concurrent Artificial Environment

2001

We show how the simulation of concurrent system is of interest for both behavioral studies and strategies of learning applied on prey-predator problems. In our case learning studies into unknown environment have been applied to mobile units by using genetic algorithms (GA). A set of trajectories, generated by GA, are able to build a description of the external scene driving a predators to a prey. Here, an example of prey-predator strategy,based on field of forces, is proposed. The evolution of the corespondent system can be formalized as an optimization problem and, for that purpose, GA can be use to give the right solution at this problem. This approach could be applied to the autonomous r…

Optimization problemSettore INF/01 - InformaticaComputer sciencebusiness.industrySea bottomAutonomous robot navigationComputingMethodologies_ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCESpace explorationField (computer science)Power (physics)Genetic Algorithm prey-predator strategiesArtificial environmentArtificial intelligenceSet (psychology)business
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"Table 4" of "Search for top and bottom squarks from gluino pair production in final states with missing transverse energy and at least three b-jets …

2013

Figure 2-a. Expected limit +1sigma.

P P --> .GE.3B-JET JETS MM XInclusiveDijet ProductionBeautyProton-Proton ScatteringTop7000.0MJet ProductionBottom
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"Table 9" of "Search for top and bottom squarks from gluino pair production in final states with missing transverse energy and at least three b-jets …

2013

Figure 2-b. Observed limit -1sigma-th.

P P --> .GE.3B-JET JETS MM XInclusiveDijet ProductionBeautyProton-Proton ScatteringTop7000.0MJet ProductionBottom
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"Table 7" of "Search for top and bottom squarks from gluino pair production in final states with missing transverse energy and at least three b-jets …

2013

Figure 2-b. Observed limit +1sigma-th.

P P --> .GE.3B-JET JETS MM XInclusiveDijet ProductionBeautyProton-Proton ScatteringTop7000.0MJet ProductionBottom
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"Table 2" of "Search for top and bottom squarks from gluino pair production in final states with missing transverse energy and at least three b-jets …

2013

Figure 2-a. Observed limit.

P P --> .GE.3B-JET JETS MM XInclusiveDijet ProductionBeautyProton-Proton ScatteringTop7000.0MJet ProductionBottom
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"Table 10" of "Search for top and bottom squarks from gluino pair production in final states with missing transverse energy and at least three b-jets…

2013

Figure 2-b. Expected limit +1sigma.

P P --> .GE.3B-JET JETS MM XInclusiveDijet ProductionBeautyProton-Proton ScatteringTop7000.0MJet ProductionBottom
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