Search results for "Breakdown"

showing 10 items of 97 documents

Material and Technology: Back to the Future for the Choice of Interface for Non-Invasive Ventilation – A Concise Review

2020

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has dramatically changed the treatment of both acute and chronic respiratory failure in the last 2 decades. The success of NIV is correlated to the application of the “best ingredients” of a patient’s “tailored recipe,” including the appropriate choice of the selected candidate, the ventilator setting, the interface, the expertise of the team, and the education of the caregiver. The choice of the interface is crucial for the success of NIV. Type (oral, nasal, nasal pillows, oronasal, hybrid mask, helmet), size, design, material and headgears may affect the patient’s comfort with respect to many aspects, such as air leaks, claustrophobia, skin erythema, eye irr…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineRespiratory failure.medicine.medical_specialtySkin erythemamedicine.medical_treatmentInterface (computing)Skin breakdownlaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesFacial deformity0302 clinical medicinelawHumansMedicine030212 general & internal medicineIntensive care medicineReduction (orthopedic surgery)Noninvasive VentilationContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryMasksEquipment DesignHome ventilationInterfacemedicine.diseaseHome setting030228 respiratory systemVentilation (architecture)Non-invasive ventilationClaustrophobiaRespiratory Insufficiencybusiness
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Magnetic breakdown and charge density wave formation: a quantum oscillation study of the rare-earth tritellurides

2020

The rare-earth tritellurides ($R$Te$_3$, where $R$ = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Y) form a charge density wave state consisting of a single unidirectional charge density wave for lighter $R$, with a second unidirectional charge density wave, perpendicular and in addition to the first, also present at low temperatures for heavier $R$. We present a quantum oscillation study in magnetic fields up to 65T that compares the single charge density wave state with the double charge density wave state both above and below the magnetic breakdown field of the second charge density wave. In the double charge density wave state it is observed that there remain several small, light pockets…

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Rare earthQuantum oscillationsFOS: Physical sciencesModel systemFermi surface02 engineering and technologyMagnetic breakdown021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsEffective mass (solid-state physics)0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyCharge density wave
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In-mouth mechanisms leading to flavor release and perception.

2011

Review; International audience; During eating, foods are submitted to two main oral processeschewing, including biting and crushing with teeth, and progressive impregnation by saliva resulting in the formation of a cohesive bolus and swallowing of the bolus. Texture influences the chewing behavior, including mastication and salivation, and in turn, these parameters influence texture perception and bolus formation. During this complex mouth process, flavor compounds are progressively released from the food matrix. This phenomenon is mainly dependent on the food texture, the composition and in-mouth breakdown, and on saliva impregnation and activity, but an individual's anatomical and physiol…

Saliva[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutritionmedia_common.quotation_subjectTexture perceptionperceptionIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering03 medical and health sciencesEating0404 agricultural biotechnology0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemPerceptionfood breakdownFood scienceSalivaMasticationFlavormedia_commonoral physiologyMouthmodelChemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyflavor releaseTaste Perception030206 dentistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineModels Theoretical040401 food scienceDeglutitionFlavoring Agentsstomatognathic diseasesBitingSaliva compositionFoodTasteMasticationBolus (digestion)Salivationtexture[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFood Science
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How to Extract Fragments from Agent Oriented Design Processes

2013

Using Method Engineering for creating agent oriented design processes is a challenging task because of the lack of a fragment repository defined and filled starting from a shared and unique definition of fragment. The creation of a repository implies the fragmentation of existing agent design processes. In this paper we propose a set of guidelines for extracting fragments from agent design processes. The work is based on a precise definition of fragment and it aims to establish a method for fragmenting processes and obtaining homogeneous fragments regardless of how the starting design processes are defined and described. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniFragment repositoryWork breakdown structureDatabaseComputer scienceDistributed computingMethod engineeringPrecise definitioncomputer.software_genreAgent designAgent oriented designDesign Processagent oriented software engineeringAgent oriented designDesign processMethod Fragmentmulti-agent systemsDesign procecomputerMethod engineering
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Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Rapid Elemental Analysis of Drillcore

2013

Abstract The elemental and mineralogical contents of rock drillcore can be analyzed using a variety of methods. For efficient exploration the characterization of the drillcore should be performed rapidly, so that the further drillings can be better planned and unnecessary costs can be reduced. In this paper, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is studied as a potential rapid on-line method for automated elemental analysis of drillcore. The method is based on a pulsed laser beam that transforms a small volume of the sample into plasma. Individual elements in the plasma have characteristic emission patterns detectable by a spectrometer. Based on the measured spectra the amount of diff…

SpectrometerInfraredElemental analysisChemistrySample (material)Analytical chemistryMineralogyHyperspectral imagingGeneral MedicineLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopySpectroscopyCharacterization (materials science)IFAC Proceedings Volumes
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Passivity Breakdown of Titanium in LiBr Solutions

2013

The passive behavior of titanium and its susceptibility to undergo localized attack in different LiBr solutions at 25 degrees C have been investigated using different electrochemical techniques: potentiodynamic polarization curves, potentiostatic passivation tests, EIS measurements and Mott-Schottky analysis. In low and moderately concentrated LiBr solutions, the breakdown potential E-b decreased with increasing bromide concentrations, while in highly concentrated LiBr solutions, E-b increased with increasing LiBr concentration. In the most concentrated LiBr solution (11.42M) Ti did not undergo passivity breakdown even at 9 V-Ag/AgCl. This observation can be explained by a a decrease in the…

TitaniumLiBrRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentmedia_common.quotation_subjectPhilosophyMetallurgyPassivitychemistry.chemical_elementTitaniCondensed Matter PhysicsINGENIERIA QUIMICASurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsElectroquímicachemistryGratitudePassivity breakdownMaterials ChemistryElectrochemistryHumanitiesmedia_commonTitanium
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Partial discharge tests using CIGRE method II

2000

In this paper, the results of an experimental project on insulating material aging, performed in both Denmark and Italy, are reported. This study was concerned with partial discharge (PD) behavior at temperatures between 30 and 80/spl deg/C using CIGRE method II. The material tested was a commercial polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) which was chosen not for its good dielectric properties but rather because much of its discharge resistance data at ambient temperature is already well documented. A description is given of the theoretical and experimental methodology followed in this work. Mixed Weibull analysis techniques in terms of the PD amplitude and phase distribution characteristics were emp…

Work (thermodynamics)AmplitudeMaterials sciencePhase (matter)Electric breakdownPartial dischargeLife timeElectronic engineeringDielectricElectrical and Electronic EngineeringComposite materialWeibull distributionIEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation
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Collinear laser spectroscopy of ZrII

2003

A new technique involving collinear laser spectroscopy of ion bunches has been used to study the radio-isotopes 87,87m,88,89,89m Zr.

X-ray laserMaterials scienceFar-infrared laserUltrafast laser spectroscopyLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopyTime-resolved spectroscopyAtomic physicsSpectroscopyCoherent spectroscopyIon
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Developments for resonance ionization laser spectroscopy of the heaviest elements at SHIP

2016

Abstract The experimental determination of atomic levels and the first ionization potential of the heaviest elements ( Z ⩾ 100 ) is key to challenge theoretical predictions and to reveal changes in the atomic shell structure. These elements are only artificially produced in complete-fusion evaporation reactions at on-line facilities such as the GSI in Darmstadt at a rate of, at most, a few atoms per second. Hence, highly sensitive spectroscopic methods are required. Laser spectroscopy is one of the most powerful and valuable tools to investigate atomic properties. In combination with a buffer-gas filled stopping cell, the Radiation Detected Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (RADRIS) techniq…

YtterbiumNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicschemistry.chemical_elementInstrumental chemistry01 natural sciencesAtmospheric-pressure laser ionizationchemistryExcited state0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsNobeliumLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopyIonization energyAtomic physics010306 general physicsSpectroscopyInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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A phenomenological approach to the mechanical breakdown of anodic oxide films on zirconium

1986

Abstract A phenomenological theory of the mechanical breakdown of films growing on valve metals during galvanostatic oxidation is presented and discussed in detail for ZrO2 anodic films. It is shown that the mechanical breakdown voltage, Vmb, can be linearly related to the logarithm of the anodizing current density both in the case of constant and variable critical thickness, Lc, at which the breakdown occurs. It is also shown that the Amb and Bmb parameters of the relationship: Vmb = Amb + Bmb log i are strictly related to the kinetic parameters of growth of the films in the different solutions. The expressions of Amb and Bmb parameters are derived for films grown in the presence as well a…

ZirconiumMaterials scienceAnodizingGeneral Chemical EngineeringMetallurgyThermodynamicschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryElectrolyteKinetic energyAnodeCorrosionchemistryBreakdown voltageGeneral Materials ScienceCurrent densityCorrosion Science
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