Search results for "Breast"

showing 10 items of 1871 documents

Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in families from southern Italy (Sicily)—Prevalence and geographic distribution of pathogenic variants in BRCA1/…

2020

Recent advances in the detection of germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA1/2 genes have allowed a deeper understanding of the BRCA-related cancer risk. Several studies showed a significant heterogeneity in the prevalence of PVs across different populations. Because little is known about this in the Sicilian population, our study was aimed at investigating the prevalence and geographic distribution of inherited BRCA1/2 PVs in families from this specific geographical area of Southern Italy. We retrospectively collected and analyzed all clinical information of 1346 hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer patients genetically tested for germline BRCA1/2 PVs at University Hospital Policlini…

0301 basic medicineCancer Researchendocrine system diseasesPopulationSicilian populationBiologylcsh:RC254-282hereditary breast and ovarian cancerArticleGermlinefounder variantsgenetic testing03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerbreast cancermedicineskin and connective tissue diseaseseducationGeneGenetic testinggermline pathogenic varianteducation.field_of_studyfounder variantmedicine.diagnostic_testGenetic heterogeneitylcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensmedicine.diseaseBRCA1BRCA2language.human_language<i>BRCA1</i>030104 developmental biologyovarian cancerOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesiscardiovascular systemlanguagegermline pathogenic variantsOvarian cancerSicilian<i>BRCA2</i>Demography
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High numbers of circulating CD57+ NK cells associate with resistance to HER2-specific therapeutic antibodies in HER2+ primary breast cancer.

2019

Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells can orchestrate effective antitumor immunity. The presence of tumor-infiltrating NK cells in diagnostic biopsies predicts pathologic complete response (pCR) to HER2-specific therapeutic antibodies in patients with primary breast cancer. Here, we analyzed whether diversity in circulating NK cells might influence tumor infiltration and HER2-specific therapeutic antibody efficacy. We found that numbers of circulating CD57+ NK cells inversely correlated with pCR to HER2-specific antibody treatment in patients with primary breast cancer independently of age, traditional clinicopathologic factors, and CD16A 158F/V genotype. This association was uncoupled from th…

0301 basic medicineCancer Researchmedicine.diagnostic_testbiologybusiness.industryImmunologymedicine.diseaseCXCR303 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineImmunophenotypingBreast cancer030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBiopsymedicineCancer researchbiology.proteinNeoplasmAntibodyskin and connective tissue diseasesReceptorbusinessHoming (hematopoietic)
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Abstract OT1-08-04: A first-in-human phase Ia dose escalation study of GDC-0077, a p110a-selective and mutant-degrading PI3K inhibitor, in patients w…

2020

Abstract Background: Activating mutations in PIK3CA, encoding the p110α subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), are highly prevalent in breast cancer and solid tumor malignancies. GDC-0077 is a potent p110α-selective inhibitor with a novel mechanism of action that degrades mutant p110α and anti-tumor activity in PIK3CA-mutant breast cancer xenograft models as a single agent and in combination with anti-estrogens with or without a CDK4/6 inhibitor. An open-label, Phase I dose-escalation study of GDC-0077 monotherapy and GDC-0077 combined with endocrine therapies and palbociclib is underway in patients (pts) with locally advanced or metastatic PIK3CA-mutant solid tumors. Data from th…

0301 basic medicineCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyCumulative dosebusiness.industryColorectal cancerCmaxPalbociclibmedicine.diseaseGastroenterology03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerOncologyPharmacokinetics030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPharmacodynamicsInternal medicineMedicinebusinessAdverse effectCancer Research
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Characteristics and Clinical Outcome of Breast Cancer Patients with Asymptomatic Brain Metastases

2020

Background: Brain metastases (BM) have become a major challenge in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods: The aim of this analysis was to characterize patients with asymptomatic BM (n = 580) in the overall cohort of 2589 patients with BM from our Brain Metastases in Breast Cancer Network Germany (BMBC) registry. Results: Compared to symptomatic patients, asymptomatic patients were slightly younger at diagnosis (median age: 55.5 vs. 57.0 years, p = 0.01), had a better performance status at diagnosis (Karnofsky index 80&ndash

0301 basic medicineCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyNeoplasm metastasisMetastasePrognoseContext (language use)lcsh:RC254-282AsymptomaticGastroenterologyArticle03 medical and health sciencesbreast cancer0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerbrain metastasesInternal medicineBrustkrebsasymptomaticMedicineClinical significanceddc:610Treatment outcomeHirnmetastasePerformance statusbusiness.industrylcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensmedicine.diseaseMetastatic breast cancer030104 developmental biologyRisk factorsOncologyLead time bias030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCohortBreast neoplasmsmedicine.symptombusinessDDC 610 / Medicine &amp; healthCancers
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Abstract GS2-04: Efficacy results from CIBOMA/2004-01_GEICAM/2003-11 study: A randomized phase III trial assessing adjuvant capecitabine after standa…

2019

Abstract Background: Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) have a greater risk of relapse than non-TNBC. New therapeutic approaches are needed for these patients (pts). CIBOMA/2004-01_GEICAM/2003-11 is a multinational, randomized phase III trial exploring adjuvant capecitabine (X) after completion of standard treatment in early TNBC pts. Materials and Methods: Patients with operable, node-positive (or node-negative with tumor size ≥ 1 cm), centrally confirmed hormone receptor-negative, HER2-negative early BC, who had received 6–8 cycles (cy) of standard anthracycline and/or taxane-containing chemotherapy or 4 cy of doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide (for node-negative disease) in the (neo)adjuvan…

0301 basic medicineCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyTaxaneAnthracyclinebusiness.industryStandard treatmentHazard ratioCancermedicine.diseaseGastroenterologyCapecitabine03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisInternal medicinemedicinebusinessTriple-negative breast cancermedicine.drugCancer Research
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A Pathology-Based Combined Model to Identify PAM50 Non-luminal Intrinsic Disease in Hormone Receptor-Positive HER2-Negative Breast Cancer

2019

No luminal; Subtipus intrínsec; Càncer de mama No luminal; Subtipo intrínseco; Cáncer de mama Non-luminal; Intrinsic subtype, Breast cancer Background: In hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2-negative breast cancer, the HER2-enriched and Basal-like intrinsic subtypes are associated with poor outcome, low response to anti-estrogen therapy and high response to chemotherapy. To date, no validated biomarker exists to identify both molecular entities other than gene expression. Methods: PAM50 subtyping and immunohistochemical data were obtained from 8 independent studies of 1,416 HR+/HER2-negative early breast tumors. A non-luminal disease score (NOLUS) from 0 to 100, based on percentage of estr…

0301 basic medicineCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyintrinsic subtype:Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Breast Neoplasms [DISEASES]:Genetic Phenomena::Gene Expression Regulation::Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic [PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES]medicine.medical_treatmentEstrogen receptor:fenómenos genéticos::regulación de la expresión génica::regulación de la expresión génica neoplásica [FENÓMENOS Y PROCESOS]:aminoácidos péptidos y proteínas::proteínas::receptores citoplásmicos y nucleares::receptores de esteroides::receptores de estrógenos [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS]lcsh:RC254-282Gastroenterology03 medical and health sciencesbreast cancer0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerMama - CàncerInternal medicineRegulació genèticaProgesterone receptorMedicinePAM50Original Research:neoplasias::neoplasias por localización::neoplasias de la mama [ENFERMEDADES]Chemotherapynon-luminalbusiness.industry:Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Receptors Cytoplasmic and Nuclear::Receptors Steroid::Receptors Estrogen [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS]lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensmedicine.disease030104 developmental biologyEstrògens - ReceptorsOncologyHormone receptor030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCohortgene expressionBiomarker (medicine)ImmunohistochemistrybusinessFrontiers in Oncology
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Carbon Nanodots for On Demand Chemophotothermal Therapy Combination to Elicit Necroptosis: Overcoming Apoptosis Resistance in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

2020

Background: Engineered luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) are appealing nanomaterials for cancer image-guided photothermal therapy combining near infrared (NIR)&ndash

0301 basic medicineCancer ResearchtheranosticsNecroptosisanticancer phototherapynecroptosisSettore BIO/11 - Biologia Molecolare02 engineering and technologylcsh:RC254-282Article03 medical and health sciencesRIPK1breast cancermedicineirinotecan;carbon nanodotsirinotecanChemistrygene expression analysesCancerPhotothermal therapy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymedicine.diseaselcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensIrinotecan030104 developmental biologyOncologySettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoApoptosisDrug deliveryCancer cellCancer research0210 nano-technologymedicine.drugCancers
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Whole-exome sequencing and targeted gene sequencing provide insights into the role ofPALB2as a male breast cancer susceptibility gene

2016

BACKGROUND Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease whose etiology appears to be largely associated with genetic factors. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations account for about 10% of all MBC cases. Thus, a fraction of MBC cases are expected to be due to genetic factors not yet identified. To further explain the genetic susceptibility for MBC, whole-exome sequencing (WES) and targeted gene sequencing were applied to high-risk, BRCA1/2 mutation–negative MBC cases. METHODS Germ-line DNA of 1 male and 2 female BRCA1/2 mutation–negative breast cancer (BC) cases from a pedigree showing a first-degree family history of MBC was analyzed with WES. Targeted gene sequencing for the validation of WES results w…

0301 basic medicineCancer genome sequencingProbandGeneticsCancer ResearchPALB2Nonsense mutationCancerBiologymedicine.disease03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMale breast cancermedicineskin and connective tissue diseasesExome sequencingCancer
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MYC-driven epigenetic reprogramming favors the onset of tumorigenesis by inducing a stem cell-like state

2018

Breast cancer consists of highly heterogeneous tumors, whose cell of origin and driver oncogenes are difficult to be uniquely defined. Here we report that MYC acts as tumor reprogramming factor in mammary epithelial cells by inducing an alternative epigenetic program, which triggers loss of cell identity and activation of oncogenic pathways. Overexpression of MYC induces transcriptional repression of lineage-specifying transcription factors, causing decommissioning of luminal-specific enhancers. MYC-driven dedifferentiation supports the onset of a stem cell-like state by inducing the activation of de novo enhancers, which drive the transcriptional activation of oncogenic pathways. Furthermo…

0301 basic medicineCarcinogenesisScienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyBreast NeoplasmsMice SCIDTumor initiationBiologyBreast cancer MYC Tumorigenesismedicine.disease_causeArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyEpigenesis GeneticProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycMice03 medical and health sciencesCell Line TumormedicineAnimalsHumansEpigeneticslcsh:ScienceEnhancerTranscription factorRegulation of gene expressionMultidisciplinaryQGeneral ChemistryCellular ReprogrammingCell biologyGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticEnhancer Elements Genetic030104 developmental biologyNeoplastic Stem CellsFemalelcsh:QStem cellCarcinogenesisReprogramming
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WNT signaling modulates PD-L1 expression in the stem cell compartment of triple-negative breast cancer

2019

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are characterized by a poor prognosis and lack of targeted treatments, and thus, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Inhibitors against programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) have shown significant efficacy in various solid cancers, but their activity against TNBCs remains limited. Here, we report that human TNBCs molecularly stratified for high levels of PD-L1 (PD-L1High) showed significantly enriched expression of immune and cancer stemness pathways compared with those with low PD-L1 expression (PD-L1Low). In addition, the PD-L1High cases were significantly associated with a high stemness score (SSHigh) signature. TNBC cell lines g…

0301 basic medicineCell biologyCancer ResearchTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmImmunologyDown-RegulationTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsArticleB7-H1 Antigen03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systemStem CellCell Line TumorBiomarkers TumorGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansWnt Signaling PathwayMolecular BiologyTriple-negative breast cancerMice Inbred BALB CbiologyAnimalStem CellsCD44Wnt signaling pathwayCancerAldehyde Dehydrogenasemedicine.diseaseHyaluronan ReceptorUp-RegulationALDH1A1Hyaluronan Receptors030104 developmental biology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisbiology.proteinCancer researchFemaleStem cellB7-H1 AntigenHumanOncogene
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