Search results for "Building"
showing 10 items of 1985 documents
Energy modelling studies of thermochromic glazing
2010
Theoretically thermochromic glazing has the potential to reduce energy consumption in buildings by allowing visible light for day lighting, reducing unwanted solar gain during the cooling season, whilst allowing useful solar gain in the heating season. In this study building simulation is used to predict the savings made by novel thermochromic glazing coatings compared to standard products, for locations with different climates. The results suggest that thermochromic glazing can have a significant energy saving effect compared to current approaches.
Analysis and Improving Methods of Efficiency of Solar Energy in Municipal Heating System
2011
This paper introduces the current state of solar heating system among Wanzleben city heating net. In view of low efficiency (only 20-30%) of this system, it analyses the shortcomings of this applied system from sensors' situation, fixed flow problem, the influence of the user's water temperature and the length of pipe separately. Some improving methods which are effective by theoretical analysis are suggested. The implementation steps have to be discussed in more detail with the utility.
Ville et fortifications : de l'héritage à la production du territoire urbain
2015
A large number of french cities host military historical edifices (citadels, barracks, bastions, defensive walls, etc.). Although their initial defensive functions have been lost over time, these edifices remain deeply rooted in the urban fabric of their host cities. They continue exerting an impact on these cities’ urban morphology and modern-time functions as well as the way in which the concept of city is understood. Cities nowadays face some new challenges,the increasing awareness of urban sprawl and its consequences, coupled with an urge to promote a renewed and sustainable urbanism, invites us to adopt new approaches to study urban fortifications. In addition to their symbolic aspect,…
A machine learning approach to determine airport asphalt concrete layer moduli using heavy weight deflectometer data
2021
An integrated approach based on machine learning and data augmentation techniques has been developed in order to predict the stiffness modulus of the asphalt concrete layer of an airport runway, from data acquired with a heavy weight deflectometer (HWD). The predictive model relies on a shallow neural network (SNN) trained with the results of a backcalculation, by means of a data augmentation method and can produce estimations of the stiffness modulus even at runway points not yet sampled. The Bayesian regularization algorithm was used for training of the feedforward backpropagation SNN, and a k-fold cross-validation procedure was implemented for a fair performance evaluation. The testing p…
The role of transportation and its involved sources of energy in the environmental assessment of marble producing sites
2018
Marble is acquiring large popularity as building material. Since building materials are now required to be characterized by high energy and environmental performances, marble is entailed to fulfill top-level requirements. About its environmental performances an important European Decision establishes criteria for the award of the Community eco-label to this material. Unfortunately, this Decision is focused on mining and processing activities, seemingly neglecting marble transport. In contrast, this phase affects the whole working chain because it releases (pollutant) emissions and involves the use of primary and, in case, secondary energy sources. Here, the focus is on the role played by tr…
Shear design of high strength concrete beams in MRFs
2019
This paper presents the criteria for the shear design of high strength concrete (HSC) beams in moment resisting frames (MRFs). The formulation of an analytical model is provided for the case of beams with longitudinal reinforcement in the presence of transverse stirrups. The model is of additive type, in the meaning that the shear resistance of the beam is evaluated as the sum of several contributions. In particular, the contribution of concrete, longitudinal rebars, and transversal reinforcement are taken into account. Furthermore, for assessing the concrete contribution, a classical approach is followed, according to which two effects arise in the shear mechanism: the arc and the beam eff…
From Multiple Perspectives to Shared Understanding: A small group in an online learning environment
2008
The aim of this study was to explore how learners operating in a small group reach shared understanding as they work out joint research questions and build a theoretical framework and to identify the resources and tools they used in the process. The learners' own interpretations of their group activities and learning were also taken into account. The data, consisting of group discussions and the documents produced by the group, were subjected to a qualitative content analysis. The group members employed a variety of resources and tools to exchange their individual perspectives and achieve shared understanding. Summaries of relevant literature laid a foundation for the group's theoretical di…
United We Stand: The Recognition of Joint Degrees
2003
Joint degrees are awarded on the basis of completion of a study program established and provided jointly by two or more higher education institutions, normally located in different countries. They therefore normally require students to take a part of their degree abroad and are a potentially important instrument for increasing academic mobility and internationalizing higher education in Europe, which are among the key goals of the Bologna Process. A recent study by one of the authors, Andrejs Rauhvargers, undertaken for the European University Association (EUA), considers this increasingly important element of higher education that, however, is hampered by inadequate recognition across bor…
Il miglioramento energetico nel recupero degli edifici storici. Applicazione al patrimonio architettonico palermitano
L'architettura storica può assumere un ruolo rilevante nel raggiungimento degli obiettivi europei di efficienza energetica per il settore edile, obiettivi che, tuttavia, devono essere compatibili con la conservazione del patrimonio storico e del suo valore culturale. A tal fine è necessario far riferimento ai caratteri specifici dell'architettura storica e alla sua dimensione locale. La presente tesi, sulla base di tale assunto, esamina le prestazioni energetiche degli edifici storici e il loro potenziale miglioramento, concentrandosi sul patrimonio architettonico di Palermo, caso di studio significativo per l'area mediterranea. La ricerca, condotta con riferimento sia alla scala urbana sia…
Energy retrofit actions on Italian historical buildings: energy efficiency and feasibility. A review study.
2016
Today in EU, the growth in global primary energy consumption is decreasing. In 2014, Italy contributed with a global reduction of 17.1%, thanks to the application of EU measures on different areas. However, there is still much work to be done in order to make sustainable societies and territories, especially in buildings sector that has the greatest potentiality of energy saving. In particular, in the framework of Conservation, Restoration, Refurbishment, and Retrofit actions, the debate is still open, because many aspects must be considered and solved yet. In this paper, the state of the art of the Italian residential building heritage has been reviewed, applicable energy retrofit issues a…