Search results for "CAG"
showing 10 items of 492 documents
Similar effectiveness of dapagliflozin and GLP-1 receptor agonists concerning combined endpoints in routine clinical practice: A multicentre retrospe…
2019
Abstract Aims According to cardiovascular outcome trials, some sodium‐glucose contransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RA) are recommended for secondary cardiovascular prevention in type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this real‐world study, we compared the simultaneous reductions in HbA1c, body weight and systolic blood pressure after initiation of dapagliflozin or GLP‐1RA as second or a more advanced line of therapy. Materials and methods DARWIN‐T2D was a retrospective multi‐centre study conducted at diabetes specialist clinics in Italy that compared T2D patients who initiated dapagliflozin or GLP‐1RA (exenatide once weekly or liraglutide). Data were c…
Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on myokine levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
2021
Background and aims: To evaluate the change in circulating serum irisin and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after 6 and 12 months of GLP-1 treatment. Methods and results: Eighty-five patients with T2DM inadequately controlled with insulin or other hypoglycaemic drugs were added to dulaglutide (N° = 44) and liraglutide (N° = 41) treatment. After 6 months of GLP-1 analogues a significant decrease in BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (p < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (p < 0.001), HbA1c (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.003), triglycerides (p = 0.017), IL-6 (p = 0.045) and a significant increase in s…
GLP-2 as Beneficial Factor in the Glucose Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High Fat Diet
2015
Glucagon like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a gastrointestinal hormone released in response to dietary nutrients, which acts through a specific receptor, the GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R). The physiological effects of GLP-2 are multiple, involving also the intestinal adaptation to high fat diet (HFD). In consideration of the well-known relationship between chronic HFD and impaired glucose metabolism, in the present study we examined if the blocking of the GLP-2 signaling by chronic treatment with the GLP-2R antagonist, GLP-2 (3-33), leads to functional consequences in the regulation of glucose metabolism in HFD-fed mice. Compared with animals fed standard diet (STD), mice at the 10th week of HFD showed hy…
Vinblastine-induced autophagocytosis: effects on liver glycogen
1983
The possible similarities of the mechanism by which vinblastine induces autophagocytosis in liver were compared with the known effects of glucagon in glucagon-induced autophagocytosis. A single intraperitoneal injection of vinblastine produced a wave of autophagocytosis in less than 0.5 h in mouse hepatocytes. Liver glycogen content decreases simultaneously and blood glucose first increased and then decreased below control values. Both liver cAMP concentration and the activity of glycogen phosphorylase remained unchanged. These findings provide evidence that the induction of autophagocytosis after vinblastine injection is not mediated by cAMP. The increased degradation of glycogen may occur…
The Impact of Amino Acids on Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Kinetics in Humans
2020
Different amino acids (AAs) may exert distinct effects on postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations. A quantitative comparison of the effects of AAs on glucose and insulin kinetics in humans is currently lacking. PubMed was queried to identify intervention studies reporting glucose and insulin concentrations after acute ingestion and/or intravenous infusion of AAs in healthy adults and those living with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The systematic literature search identified 55 studies that examined the effects of l-leucine, l-isoleucine, l-alanine, l-glutamine, l-arginine, l-lysine, glycine, l-proline, l-phenylalanine, l-glutamate, branched-chain AAs (i.e., l-leucine, l-iso…
Efficacy of dulaglutide on vascular health indexes in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial
2021
Abstract Background Recent cardiovascular outcome trials have shown significant reductions in major cardiovascular (CV) events with glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor agonists. Additionally, adjunctive surrogates for cardiovascular risk validated by some studies include arterial stiffness and endothelial function indexes. To date, no randomized trial has addressed the possible effects of antidiabetic interventional drugs such as GLP1 agonists on endothelial and arterial stiffness indexes as surrogate markers of vascular damage. Aims We aimed to evaluate metabolic efficacy and surrogate vascular efficacy endpoints of once-weekly dulaglutide (1.5 mg) plus traditional antidiabetic treatmen…
Erectile function in men with type 2 diabetes treated with dulaglutide: an exploratory analysis of the REWIND placebo-controlled randomised trial.
2021
Digital
Effects on α- and β-cell function of sequentially adding empagliflozin and linagliptin to therapy in people with type 2 diabetes previously receiving…
2017
Aims The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sequential treatment escalation with empagliflozin and linagliptin on laboratory markers of alpha- and beta cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) insufficiently controlled on metformin monotherapy. Methods Forty-four patients with T2DM received 25 mg empagliflozin for a duration of one month in an open-label fashion (treatment period (TP 1). Thereafter, patients were randomised to a double-blind add-on therapy with linagliptin 5 mg or placebo (TP 2) for one additional month. Alpha- and beta cell function were assessed with a standardised liquid meal test (LMT) and an intravenous (iv.) glucose challenge. Effi…
Phenotyping of type 2 diabetes mellitus at onset on the basis of fasting incretin tone: Results of a two-step cluster analysis.
2015
Aims/Introduction According to some authors, in type 2 diabetes there is a reduced postprandial action of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). However, little is known about the role of fasting incretins in glucose homeostasis. Our aim was to evaluate, through a two-step cluster analysis, the possibility of phenotyping patients with type 2 diabetes at onset on the basis of fasting GLP-1, GIP and ghrelin. Materials and Methods A total of 96 patients with type 2 diabetes within 6 months of onset (mean age 62.40 ± 6.36 years) were cross-sectionally studied. Clinical, anthropometric and metabolic parameters were evaluated. At fasting the follow…
Impact on Glucose Homeostasis: Is Food Biofortified with Molybdenum a Workable Solution? A Two-Arm Study
2022
Diabetes is expected to increase up to 700 million people worldwide with type 2 diabetes being the most frequent. The use of nutritional interventions is one of the most natural approaches for managing the disease. Minerals are of paramount importance in order to preserve and obtain good health and among them molybdenum is an essential component. There are no studies about the consumption of biofortified food with molybdenum on glucose homeostasis but recent studies in humans suggest that molybdenum could exert hypoglycemic effects. The present study aims to assess if consumption of lettuce biofortified with molybdenum influences glucose homeostasis and whether the effects would be due to c…