Search results for "CALL"
showing 10 items of 2320 documents
Multifunctionality of F-rich nucleoporins
2020
Nucleoporins (Nups) represent a range of proteins most known for composing the macromolecular assembly of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Among them, the family of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) phenylalanine-glycine (FG) rich Nups, form the permeability barrier and coordinate the high-speed nucleocytoplasmic transport in a selective way. Those FG-Nups have been demonstrated to participate in various biological processes besides nucleocytoplasmic transport. The high number of accessible hydrophobic motifs of FG-Nups potentially gives rise to this multifunctionality, enabling them to form unique microenvironments. In this review, we discuss the multifunctionality of disordered and …
Differential salinity-induced variations in the activity of H+-pumps and Na+/H+ antiporters that are involved in cytoplasm ion homeostasis as a funct…
2011
The characterisation of cellular responses to salinity in staple crops is necessary for the reliable identification of physiological markers of salinity tolerance. Under saline conditions, variations in proton gradients that are generated by membrane-bound H⁺ pumps are crucial for maintaining cytoplasm homeostasis. We examined short (15 h) and longer term effects (4 days) of NaCl stress on the H⁺ pumping activities that are associated with the plasma membrane (P-ATPase) and the tonoplast (V-ATPase and V-PPase) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) callus lines that displayed different levels of NaCl tolerance and were established from two japonica rice cultivars. The applied stress conditions were base…
Comparative Antitumor Effect of Preventive versus Therapeutic Vaccines Employing B16 Melanoma Cells Genetically Modified to Express GM-CSF and B7.2 i…
2012
Cancer vaccines have always been a subject of gene therapy research. One of the most successful approaches has been working with genetically modified tumor cells. In this study, we describe our approach to achieving an immune response against a murine melanoma model, employing B16 tumor cells expressing GM-CSF and B7.2. Wild B16 cells were injected in C57BL6 mice to cause the tumor. Irradiated B16 cells transfected with GM-CSF, B7.2, or both, were processed as a preventive and therapeutic vaccination. Tumor volumes were measured and survival curves were obtained. Blood samples were taken from mice, and IgGs of each treatment group were also measured. The regulatory T cells (Treg) o…
Using Y-chromosome capture enrichment to resolve haplogroup H2 shows new evidence for a two-path Neolithic expansion to Western Europe
2021
Uniparentally-inherited markers on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the non-recombining regions of the Y chromosome (NRY), have been used for the past 30 years to investigate the history of humans from a maternal and paternal perspective. Researchers have preferred mtDNA due to its abundance in the cells, and comparatively high substitution rate. Conversely, the NRY is less susceptible to back mutations and saturation, and is potentially more informative than mtDNA owing to its longer sequence length. However, due to comparatively poor NRY coverage via shotgun sequencing, and the relatively low and biased representation of Y-chromosome variants on capture assays such as the 1240 k, ancient DNA…
Entrepreneurship Training and Self-Employment among University Graduates
2012
In economies characterized by low labor demand and high rates of youth unemployment, entrepreneurship training has the potential to enable youth to gain skills and create their own jobs. This paper presents experimental evidence on a new entrepreneurship track that provides business training and personalized coaching to university students in Tunisia. Undergraduates in the final year of licence appliquee were given the opportunity to graduate with a business plan instead of following the standard curriculum. This paper relies on randomized assignment of the entrepreneurship track to identify impacts on labor market outcomes one year after graduation. The analysis finds that the entrepreneur…
Mechanisms and consequences of methylating agent-induced SCEs and chromosomal aberrations: a long road traveled and still a far way to go.
2003
Since the milestone work of Evans and Scott, demonstrating the replication dependence of alkylation-induced aberrations, and Obe and Natarajan, pointing to the critical role of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) as the ultimate trigger of aberrations, the field has grown extensively. A notable example is the identification of DNA methylation lesions provoking chromosome breakage (clastogenic) effects, which made it possible to model clastogenic pathways evoked by genotoxins. Experiments with repair-deficient mutants and transgenic cell lines revealed both O<sup>6</sup>-methylguanine (O<sup>6</sup>MeG) and N- methylpurines as critical lesions. For S<sub>N</sub&g…
Absence of endo-1,4-β-glucanase KOR1 alters the Jasmonate-dependent defence response to Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis
2014
During plant-pathogen interactions, the plant cell wall forms part of active defence against invaders. In recent years, cell wall-editing enzymes, associated with growth and development, have been related to plant susceptibility or resistance. Our previous work identified a role for several tomato and Arabidopsis endo-1,4-β-glucanases (EGs) in plant-pathogen interactions. Here we studied the response of the Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insertion mutant lacking EG Korrigan1 (KOR1) infected with Pseudomonas syringae. KOR1 is predicted to be an EG which is thought to participate in cellulose biosynthesis. We found that kor1-1 plants were more susceptible to P. syringae, and displayed severe dise…
T-DNA insertion alters the terpenoid content composition and bioactivity of transgenic Artemisia annua.
2014
In this study, the interference of T-DNA insertion upon Agrobacterium-mediated transformation on the biochemical expression of the host genome is discussed. Plant extracts of transgenic Artemisia annua L. with or without an overexpressed farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene have been investigated for their bioactivity and metabolic profile in comparison with wild type A. annua. The highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans was observed in the T253 transgenic lines. Moreover, the crude extract from T253 showed higher antimalarial activity against the Plasmodium faciparum K1 strain than those of the others. The terpenoid constituents…
Tumor suppression inDrosophila is causally related to the function of thelethal(2)tumorous imaginal discs gene, adnaJ homolog
1995
The Drosophila melanogaster tumor suppressor gene lethal(2)tumorous imaginal discs (l(2)tid) causes in homozygotes malignant growth of cells of the imaginal discs and the death of the mutant larvae at the time of puparium formation. We describe the molecular cloning of the l(2)tid+ gene and its temporal expression pattern in the wild-type and mutant alleles. Germ line rescue of the tumor phenotype was achieved with a 7.0 kb Hindlll-fragment derived from the polytene chromosome band 59F5. The l(2)tid+ gene spans approximately 2.5 kb of genomic DNA. The protein coding region, 1,696 bps long, is divided by an intron into two exons. The predicted Tid56 protein contains 518 amino acids and posse…
Lack of phosphoserine phosphatase activity alters pollen and tapetum development in Arabidopsis thaliana.
2015
Formation of mature pollen grain, an essential process for the reproduction of higher plants, is affected in lines that are deficient in the enzymes of the phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis (PPSB). Mutants of phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP), the enzyme that catalyses the last step of PPSB, are embryo-lethal. When they are complemented with a construct carrying PSP1 cDNA under the control of the 35S promoter (psp1.1 35S:PSP1), which is poorly expressed in anther tissues, plants display a wild-type phenotype, but are male-sterile. The pollen from the psp1.1 35S:PSP1 lines are shrunken and unviable. Here we report the morphological alterations that appear in the psp1.1 35S:PSP1 lin…