Search results for "CAPE"

showing 10 items of 1938 documents

A Phenomenological Operator Description of Dynamics of Crowds: Escape Strategies

2015

Abstract We adopt an operatorial method, based on creation, annihilation and number operators, to describe one or two populations mutually interacting and moving in a two-dimensional region. In particular, we discuss how the two populations, contained in a certain two-dimensional region with a non-trivial topology, react when some alarm occurs. We consider the cases of both low and high densities of the populations, and discuss what is changing as the strength of the interaction increases. We also analyze what happens when the region has either a single exit or two ways out.

Physics - Physics and Societybusiness.industryApplied MathematicsFOS: Physical sciencesFermionic operatorHeisenberg-like dynamicPhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)Escape strategieApplied MathematicDynamics of crowdOperator (computer programming)CrowdsParticle number operatorDynamics (music)Modeling and SimulationArtificial intelligenceStatistical physicsbusinessFermionic operators Heisenberg-like dynamics Dynamics of crowds Escape strategiesSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaTopology (chemistry)Mathematics
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First Flight Escape Probability and Uncollided Flux of Nuclear Particles in Convex Bodies with Spherical Symmetry

2016

This paper deals with the evaluation of the first flight escape probability of nuclear particles from convex bodies with spherical symmetry by means of some geometrical arguments and very simple probability considerations. The cases of a full sphere, a one-region spherical shell with an empty central zone, a spherical shell region containing a black central zone, and a full sphere with a sourceless shell have been considered. In all the aforementioned cases, a homogeneous medium and uniform isotropic source have been taken into account. Moreover, a simple and general formula has been derived for the calculation of the uncollided flux that is presupposed to be valid for arbitrary geometries.…

Physics020209 energyRegular polygonFlux02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasClassical mechanicsNuclear Energy and EngineeringSimple (abstract algebra)0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFirst flight escape probability uncollided fluxCircular symmetrySettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari
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Ground states of ultrasoft particles with attractions: a genetic algorithm approach

2009

International audience; We analyze in detail the ground-state structure of model systems of athermal star polymers with an additional, tunable attraction that may result from dispersion or depletion forces. To perform a free, unbiased search in the space spanned by the crystal parameters, we employ genetic algorithms, which are enhanced with respect to previous versions in their ability to find stable structures that occupy very narrow basins of attraction in the energy landscape. Application of this method brings about a very large variety of ground states for star polymers with attractions, in particular for the case of intermediate functionalities and strong, short-range attractive force…

PhysicsBiophysicsStructure (category theory)Energy landscapeStatistical mechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesAttraction010305 fluids & plasmasQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesGenetic algorithmDispersion (optics)Physical SciencesStatistical physicsSoft matterPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsMolecular Biology
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RESONANT ACTIVATION AND NOISE ENHANCED STABILITY IN JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS

2005

We investigate the interplay of two noise-induced effects on the temporal characteristics of short overdamped Josephson junctions in the presence of a periodic driving. We find that: (i) the mean life time of superconductive state has a minimum as a function of driving frequency, and near the minimum it actually does not depend on the noise intensity (resonant activation phenomenon); (ii) the noise enhanced stability phenomenon increases the switching time from superconductive to the resistive state. As a consequence there is a suitable frequency range of clock pulses, at which the noise has a minimal effect on pulse propagation in RSFQ electronic devices.

PhysicsJosephson effectJosephson phaseCondensed matter physicsRSFQ CIRCUITSJosephson energyESCAPEBARRIERTIMESStability (probability)FLUCTUATING POTENTIALSPi Josephson junctionSTATESSuperconducting tunnel junctionNoise (radio)Complexity, Metastability and Nonextensivity
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Emission-Line Intensity Ratios in F[CLC]e[/CLC] [CSC]xvii[/CSC] Observed with a Microcalorimeter on an Electron Beam Ion Trap

2000

We report new observations of emission line intensity ratios of Fe XVII under controlled experimental conditions, using the National Institute of Standards and Technology electron beam ion trap (EBIT) with a microcalorimeter detector. We compare our observations with collisional-radiative models using atomic data computed in distorted wave and R-matrix approximations, which follow the transfer of the polarization of level populations through radiative cascades. Our results for the intensity ratio of the 2p6 1S0-2p53d 1P1 15.014 A line to the 2p6 1S0-2p53d 3D1 15.265 A line are 2.94 ± 0.18 and 2.50 ± 0.13 at beam energies of 900 and 1250 eV, respectively. These results are not consistent wit…

PhysicsMethods: laboratorySun: coronaDetectorTechniques: spectroscopicAstronomy and Astrophysicslaboratory; Stars: individual (Capella); Sun: corona; Techniques: spectroscopic; X-rays: general [Atomic data; Methods]PlasmaX-rays: generalIntensity ratioPolarization (waves)IonSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaStars: individual (Capella)Space and Planetary ScienceRadiative transferEmission spectrumAtomic physicsAtomic dataElectron beam ion trapThe Astrophysical Journal
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Spin stiffness of vector spin glasses

2011

Abstract We study domain-wall excitations for O ( m ) vector spin glasses in the limit m → ∞ , where the energy landscape is simplified considerably compared to XY or Heisenberg models due to the complete disappearance of metastability. Using numerical ground-state calculations and appropriate pairs of complementary boundary conditions, domain-wall defects are inserted into the systems and their excitation energies are measured. This allows us to determine the stiffness exponents for lattices of a range of spatial dimensions d = 2 , … , 7 . Compiling these results, we can finally determine the lower critical dimension of the model. The outcome is compared to estimates resulting from field-t…

PhysicsSpin glassCondensed matter physicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyEnergy landscapeStiffnessHardware and ArchitectureQuantum mechanicsMetastabilitymedicineBoundary value problemmedicine.symptomCritical dimensionExcitationSpin-½Computer Physics Communications
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Inherent structure entropy of supercooled liquids

1999

We present a quantitative description of the thermodynamics in a supercooled binary Lennard Jones liquid via the evaluation of the degeneracy of the inherent structures, i.e. of the number of potential energy basins in configuration space. We find that for supercooled states, the contribution of the inherent structures to the free energy of the liquid almost completely decouples from the vibrational contribution. An important byproduct of the presented analysis is the determination of the Kauzmann temperature for the studied system. The resulting quantitative picture of the thermodynamics of the inherent structures offers new suggestions for the description of equilibrium and out-of-equilib…

PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsBinary numberDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksPotential energyCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPotential energy landscapeConfiguration spaceSupercoolingCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Crystallization of hard spheres revisited. I. Extracting kinetics and free energy landscape from forward flux sampling

2018

We investigate the kinetics and the free energy landscape of the crystallization of hard spheres from a supersaturated metastable liquid though direct simulations and forward flux sampling. In this first paper, we describe and test two different ways to reconstruct the free energy barriers from the sampled steady state probability distribution of cluster sizes without sampling the equilibrium distribution. The first method is based on mean first passage times, and the second method is based on splitting probabilities. We verify both methods for a single particle moving in a double-well potential. For the nucleation of hard spheres, these methods allow us to probe a wide range of supersatura…

PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)NucleationGeneral Physics and AstronomyEnergy landscapeSampling (statistics)FOS: Physical sciencesHard spheresCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesSurface tensionMetastability0103 physical sciencesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Statistical physicsClassical nucleation theoryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsScalingCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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On coronal structures and their variability in active stars: The case of Capella observed with Chandra/LETGS

2003

In this paper we present a detailed analysis of two X-ray spectra of Capella, taken eleven months apart with the Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (LETGS) of the Chandra Observatory. We have studied variability of the coronal emission over different time scales, both in the whole X-ray band and in narrow temperature ranges identified by lines. The comparison of the two observations shows that the whole coronal emission of Capella in March 2000 was 3% higher than in February 2001; there also appears to be a tendency, albeit a marginal one, for the hottest lines to show the largest changes between the two observations. A detailed search for short-term variability (on time scales ra…

Physicseducation.field_of_studySpectrometerAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPopulationMonte Carlo methodAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsPlasmaAstrophysicsSpectral lineIonStarsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaSpace and Planetary ScienceObservatoryX-rays: stars techniques: spectroscopic stars: activity stars: coronae stars: individual: Capellaeducation
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Governo del territorio e paesaggio: riflessioni sulla Lr 13 agosto 2020, n. 19 della Regione Sicilia

2021

A quasi un anno dall'approvazione della nuova Legge Urbanistica in Sicilia possono essere avviate alcune riflessioni sia sull'iter che ha portato alla sua approvazione sia sul tema della tutela del paesaggio all'interno della stessa. L'articolo vuole sottolineare in particolar modo le questioni culturali, di metodo e di azione che ruotano attorno al rapporto tra pianificazione del paesaggio e pianificazione territoriale partendo proprio dalla recente approvazione della Lr 13 agosto 2020, n. 19 contenente “Norme per il governo del territorio”. Infatti, tale provvedimento non solo si inserisce su questi temi dopo anni di acceso dibattito disciplinare ma anche a seguito di un processo di innov…

Pianificazione territorialeLegge Urbanistica Sicilia Governo del territorio PaesaggioLR 19/2020 Pianificazione paesaggistica Pianificazione territorialeSettore ICAR/21 - UrbanisticaPianificazione paesaggisticaUrban Planning Law Sicily Government LandscapeLR 19/2020
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