Search results for "CEI"

Rethinking the role of fat oxidation: substrate utilisation during high-intensity interval training in well-trained and recreationally trained runners

2015

Background Although carbohydrate is the predominant fuel source supporting high-intensity exercise workloads, the role of fat oxidation, and the degree to which it may be altered by training status, is less certain. Methods We compared substrate oxidation rates, using indirect calorimetry, during a high-intensity interval training (HIT) session in well-trained (WT) and recreationally trained (RT) runners. Following preliminary testing, 9 WT (VO2max 71±5 mL/min/kg) and 9 RT (VO2max 55±5 mL/min/kg) male runners performed a self-paced HIT sequence consisting of six, 4 min work bouts separated by 2 min recovery periods on a motorised treadmill set at a 5% gradient. Results WT and RT runners per…

2015

It has been shown that the mental fatigue induced by prolonged self-regulation increases perception of effort and reduces performance during subsequent endurance exercise. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying these negative effects of mental fatigue are unclear. The primary aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that mental fatigue exacerbates central fatigue induced by whole-body endurance exercise. Twelve subjects performed 30 min of either an incongruent Stroop task to induce a condition of mental fatigue or a congruent Stroop task (control condition) in a random and counterbalanced order. Both cognitive tasks (CTs) were followed by a whole-body endurance task (ET) cons…

External training load and the effects on training response following three different training sessions in young elite beach volleyball players

2020

Purpose The interaction between external training load (ETL) and players internal response in beach volleyball is currently poor investigated. Using single parameters (e.g. jump volume) described in indoor settings is questionable due to specific load characteristics like sandy ground and reduced number of players. The aim of this work is to analyze ETL and the effects on training response in different beach volleyball training settings. Methods This study was conducted with 7 youth elite athletes (age: 18.9 ± 1.3 years, height: 185.2 ± 7 cm, body mass: 75.9 ± 10.4 kg, 2 males/5 females). Training sessions were classified into three categories with (A) high session jump volume (SJV) and low…

Autonomic Stress Response and Perceived Effort Jointly Inform on Dual Tasking in Aging

2019

The study investigated, through neuroendocrinological, subjective and behavioral assessments, how aging individuals cope with locomotor-cognitive dual-tasking and whether physical activity habits influence the acute response to locomotor-cognitive performance. Seventy-nine healthy participants aged 55&ndash

Cardiovascular and Autonomic Responses to a Maximal Exercise Test in Elite Youngsters

2017

AbstractTo analyze cardiovascular and autonomic responses in elite youngsters, 13 male cyclists (15.43±0.51 years) performed a graded-test until voluntary exhaustion. Oxygen consumption (VO2), blood lactate (BLa), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were collected, while heart rate (HR) was registered for heart rate variability (HRV) analyses, looking for linear and nonlinear comparisons. Cyclists reached maximal exertion [RPE: 19.14±0.94; BLa: 8.92±2.51 mmol.L−1; RER: 1.04±0.03; SaO2: 92.43±2.5%] and high-level performance (4.41±0.46 W·Kg−1; 60.77±6.87 ml·Kg·min−1) once over 95% of age-predicted HRmax. VO2 and RPE incre…

Rational Poverty or Poor Rationality? The Take‐up of Social Assistance Benefits

2001

In several countries social assistance dependence has been increasing since the 1980s. After surveying the theoretical and empirical take-up literature, this study presents estimates of recent rates of non take-up of social assistance benefits. Once methodological shortcomings of prior estimations are corrected, the results show that take-up has fallen recently and thus cannot explain the rising welfare receipt. Following theoretical predictions, the probability that a rational individual takes up social assistance increases with the expected benefit amount and duration, and falls with application cost and stigma. More than half of all households eligible for transfers under the German soci…

International migration, remittances, and the human capital formation of Egyptian children

2013

We study the roles that migration and remittances play in the human capital formation of children in Egypt. Our estimations reveal a significant association between remittances and human capital formation: the higher the probability of receipt of remittances, the higher the probability of school enrollment, and the older the age at which children enter the labor force. Although, with regard to the likelihood of school enrollment and the age of the first participation in the labor force, the family disruption effect of migration dominates the income effect of remittances, the likelihood of labor force participation decreases even in households from which both parents migrated.

Al servicio del rey. Sobre la carta real diplomática de la Corona de Aragón (1336-1458)

2017

El objetivo de este artículo es reconstruir la evolución morfológica de la carta real diplomática catalanoaragonesa entre los reinados de Pedro el Ceremonioso y Alfonso el Magnánimo. A lo largo de este período, esta tipología documental, siguiendo los principios del Ars dictaminis, adaptó sus características externas e internas a las acciones jurídicas que contenía y a sus destinatarios, sin renunciar por ello a su simplicidad material y textual. Con su adecuación a las necesidades comunicativas de la monarquía, la carta real diplomática se convirtió en un instrumento de gobierno que contribuyó al fortalecimiento del poder real y anticipó formas que alcanzarán su pleno desarrollo en época m…

Euro Crisis and plurality: Does the political orientation of newspapers determine the selection and spin of information?

2016

This article studies the impact of right and left moderate political orientation of newspapers on the levels of plurality in the news coverage of the Euro Crisis in 20 newspapers from 10 European countries through a methodology based on Simpson’s D index. The expectation of finding distinct patterns of coverage leading to high levels of plurality was not fully supported and the results have shown that national frames influence levels of overall plurality more than political ideology.

Indirect evaluation of pit and fissure sealants: a 3D-based method validation

2019

Background The aim of the present study was to compare indirect methods to assess the clinical performance of pit and fissure sealants and validate the use of 3D scanners. Material and Methods Sample consisted of 58 plaster models of upper and lower first permanent molars, sealed with resin sealants, as well as photographs obtained during the 18-month follow-up. Pre-established criteria were applied to categorize the sealant presence/absence and marginal integrity. Two calibrated examiners performed the evaluations, independently, using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM; gold-standard), Photography, 3D (CEREC In Lab) and Stereomicroscope analysis. Results The intra-examiner Spearman correla…